University of Louisiana at Lafayette Senior Design Project

1. Members: John DeBlanc Elias Ellsworth Peter Bankole Luis Chinchilla Mentors: Nick Pugh Mark Fenstermaker Satellite Communications Buoy Senior Design II Fall 2008

5. Functional Specifications Environment Large Body Of Water Potentially Harsh Weather Buoy Compatible w/ Naval Academy Buoy On-board GPS Receiver Memory > 100 Megabits Data Interface (I2C) Low Cost 4) Sunlight 1) Environmental Data 2) Location 3) Time 5) Satellite Commands Inputs 1) 145MHz and/or 435MHz Transmission Frequency 2) Sufficient Transmission Power To Close Link With CAPE2 3) Transmit Location, Time, and Environmental Data Outputs Power System Solar/Batteries

6. High Level Block Diagram TX TX RX RX Sensors GPS PIC External Memory Solar Cells Batteries Power System TNC Radio Mechanical PVC Structure

7. Buoy System Model Data Budget How much data is collected? Comm. Budget How much signal is needed? Power Budget How much power is required?

8. Satellite Access Scheme Beacon Buoy “ Aloha?” Beacon "aloha" every 4 minutes. If acknowledged by satellite, upload weather data. Wait 24 hours until next satellite contact attempt. Satellite

18. Link Budget

19. Communications – Link Testing ¼ Wave Antenna – 6W TX Power Naval Academy LEO PCSAT Antenna Polarization

20. Low power 3V Radio Handheld Radio Picopacket TNC-X Communications - Radio

24. Power – Experiments Generic Atlantic Typical Voltage Volts 14.75 Typical Current Amps 0.09499 Typical Power Watts 1.40110 Time In Sun Per Day Hours 3.3 Power Per Day / Panel 1 (Direct Sunlight) AH 0.313467 Power Per Day / Panel 1 (Direct Sunlight) WH 4.62363825 Indirect Sunlight Percentage % 20.00% Power Per Day / Panel 2 (Indirect Sunlight) AH 0.0626934 Power Per Day / Panel 2 (Indirect Sunlight) WH 0.92472765 Indirect Sunlight Percentage % 20.00% Power Per Day / Panel 3 (Indirect Sunlight) AH 0.0626934 Power Per Day / Panel 3 (Indirect Sunlight) WH 0.92472765 Indirect Sunlight Percentage % 10.00% Power Per Day / Panel 4 (Indirect Sunlight) AH 0.0313467 Power Per Day / Panel 4 (Indirect Sunlight) WH 0.462363825 Total Power Generated Per Day (Amp-hours) AH 0.362054385 Total Power Generated Per Day (Watt-hours) WH 5.340302179 Typical Voltage Volts 12.65 Typical Current Amps 0.06235 Typical Power Watts 0.78873 Time In Sun Per Day Hours 3.3 Power Per Day / Panel 1 (Direct Sunlight) AH 0.205755 Power Per Day / Panel 1 (Direct Sunlight) WH 2.60280075 Indirect Sunlight Percentage % 20.00% Power Per Day / Panel 2 (Indirect Sunlight) AH 0.041151 Power Per Day / Panel 2 (Indirect Sunlight) WH 0.52056015 Indirect Sunlight Percentage % 20.00% Power Per Day / Panel 3 (Indirect Sunlight) AH 0.041151 Power Per Day / Panel 3 (Indirect Sunlight) WH 0.52056015 Indirect Sunlight Percentage % 10.00% Power Per Day / Panel 4 (Indirect Sunlight) AH 0.0205755 Power Per Day / Panel 4 (Indirect Sunlight) WH 0.260280075 Total Power Generated Per Day (Amp-hours) AH 0.237647025 Total Power Generated Per Day (Watt-hours) WH 3.006234866

28. Onboard Computer Coordinating the Subsystems Sensors Power Comm Satellite Communications Weather Buoy

29. The Buoy State Machine

31. Aloha State Attempt to contact satellite Acknowledged Not Acknowledged

32. Data Tx State Upload environmental data to satellite [Buoy Address],[Date],[Time],[Latitude],[Longitude],A[Air Temperature],W[Water Temperature],H[Humidity],WS[Wind Speed],WD[Wind Direction],S[Salinity] 03,101809,053021.32,2501.23.N,9002.18.W,A088,W084,H060,WS015,WDNW,S32

33. Wait Short State Waiting between data gathering and alohas 60 Minutes 4 Minutes

34. Wait Long State Waiting while accumulating a 24 hour data set 60 Minutes 24 Hours

35. Power Management State Disable Solar Charging Enable Solar Charging Low Power Mode Cease Activity Until Voltage >= 12.4 100% Charge 80% Charge 30% Charge Regulate System Voltage

36. Mechanical - Construction Bending PVC for Solar Panel Mounts Final Result

37. Mechanical Antenna Solar Panels 3 ft Discus Aluminum Struts Payload

38. Mechanical - Stability Test Insert Video Here

39. Sensors Physical Mount

40. Summary

42. Questions ?

45. Satellite Data Transmission

46. Satellite Data Transmission

47. Satellite Data Transmission

48. Satellite Data Transmission

49. Satellite Data Transmission

50. Satellite Data Transmission

51. Satellite Data Transmission

52. Salinity Testing Schematic

53. Power Subsystem Schematic

54. Sensors Subsystem Schematic

55. Sensors Subsystem Schematic

56. Main Board Schematic

57. TNC- X Schematic

58. Angle of Incidence

59. Buoy System Model

60. Buoy System Model

61. Buoy System Model

62. Buoy System Model

63. Buoy System Model

64. Buoy System Model

65. Buoy System Model

66. Buoy System Model

67. Buoy System Model

68. Communications Subsystem Schematic

72. Solar Panel Efficiency

73. Voltage Scalar

76. Charging Batteries