👉 Chennai Sexy Aunty’s WhatsApp Number 👉📞 7427069034 👉📞 Just📲 Call Ruhi Colle...
Streptococci
1.
2. Streptococci are classified on the basis of
Colony morphology
Hemolysis
Biochemical Reactions
And most definitively by:
Serologic specificity
3. Spherical gram positive cocci
Seen in chains & pairs
Individually round-ovoid cocci
0.6-1.0µm in diameter
Facultative anaerobes
Non-motile
Non-spore forming
Catalase negative (2H2O2 ---> O2 + 2H2O)
◦ Separation of streptococci from staphylococci
4. Lancefield grouping
Created by Rebecca Lancefield for Serological
diagnosis.
It is method of grouping bacteria based on
carbohydrate composition of bacterial antigens
found on their cell walls.
CHO antigen gives precipitin reaction and forms
basis of this serologic grouping
26 groups: A-H & K-U
5. Group A: Strept. pyogenes
Group B: Strept. agalactiae
Group D: Strept. bovis & Enterococcus
Group E: Strept. mutans
Group H: Strept. sanguis
Group E,H & K-U: Primarily occur in animals
other than humans.
Strept. pneumoniae have no group specific
antigen so it is considered as non-lancefield
streptococci
6. On the basis of appearance on blood agar
streptococci are classified as:
7.
8. SPECIMEN:
Throat swab
Pus swab
CSF
Blood
Urine
CULTURE:
Chocolate agar
Blood agar
MacConkey
agar(except for
S.pyogenes)
Kanamycin Blood
agar (for isolating
S.agalactiae)
9. Lancefield group A
ß hemolytic
Cause tonsillitis, pharyngitis, otitis media,
cellulitis, impetigo, septicaemia, scarlet fever,
occasionally toxic shock syndrome.
Post –Streptococcal Infections:
Occur 1-4 weeks following group A streptococcal
infection.
Sequelae:
Skin infection Glomerulonephritis
Throat infection Rheumatic fever
10. Blood agar: small(0.5-1mm) colourless, dry,
shiny or mucoid ß haemolytic colonies
Crystal violet Blood agar
MacCkonkey agar: doesn’t grow on it
BIOCHEMICAL TESTS
Catalase negative
PYR positive
Bacitracin: Sensitive
Benzylpencillin: Always sensitive
11. Lancefield group B
non-motile
usually capsulated strains
Causes septic abortion, gynaecological
sepsis, UTI, neonatal septicaemia and
meningitis.
NORMAL FLORA: Female genital tract
Sample: CSF, ear swab, blood for culture, HVS
in women
12. Culture:
Blood agar: grey mucoid colonies of 2mm
ß hemolysis.
MacCkonkey agar: most strains grow on this
medium
Kanamycin blood agar: for isolating S.agalactiae
from urogenital specimens
Biochemical tests:
Catalase negative
CAMP test: Positive
Hippurate Hydrolysis test: Positive
Antimicrobial Sensitive: Penicillin & Erythromycin
13. Part of upper respiratory flora
Leading cause of pneumonia at extreme ages
Bronchitis, Meningitis, sinusitis, otitis media
Systemic infections: bacteraemia &
endocarditis
Non-motile & capsulated
Fastidious organism Autolytic colonies
14. Sample (Sputum,exudate,CSF,Blood) Culture
Blood agar
Chocolate agar
mucoid translucent
colonies 1-2mm
(ɖ- hemolysis)
Gram staining
Gram+ve cocci lancet shaped
Catalase: Negative
Bile solubility test: Positive
Optochin: Sensitive
15. Gram positive cocci
Occur in short pairs or chains
Non-capsulated & non-motile
Enterococci possess Lancefield group D
antigen
Cause infections in urinary tract, biliary tract,
ulcers, wounds (95% E.faecalis)
NORMAL COMMENSAL: Vagina & Intestinal tract
16. Aerobic grows at wide temperature range10-45 ºC
Blood agar: Mainly non-haemolytic (some ɖ/ß)
MacCkonkey agar: Small dark red magenta colonies
ferments lactose
CLED agar: small yellow colonies
BIOCHEMICAL TESTS
Catalase Negative
Ferments Lactose
Reduce litmus milk
Hydrolyze aesculin producing Black colonies
grow in presense of 6.5% NaCl & 40% Bile