Writing quick and beautiful automation code
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This presentation is an intro to using hamcrest and lambdaj libraries. Nothing fancy, just some basics to get you started.
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Writing quick and beautiful automation code
- 1. Writing quick and beautiful automation code Introduction to Hamcrest and Lambdaj Cristian Coțoi May 20 2013
- 2. •BDD (Agile) has new needs •What is hamcrest •What is lambdaj •Improvement Agenda 2
- 3. IN YOUR ZONE Purpose 3 •http://hamcrest.org •“Hamcrest it is not a testing library: it just happens that matchers are very useful for testing.” •Matching allows writing of lines that are close-to natural language •Anagram of “matchers” •http://code.google.com/p/lambdaj/ •Access collections without explicit loops •Operations include: items filtering, converting, sorting, method invoking, concatenate etc. Hamcrest Lambdaj
- 4. IN YOUR ZONE Why Hamcrest 4 •Clarity •assertThat(a, is(“3”)); •assertEquals(a, “3”); •Speed •Not necessarily applicable for isNull() or isNotNull() •assertThat(list, hasItems(“banana”, “paple”, “papoi”));
- 5. IN YOUR ZONE Hamcrest (some of the common matchers) 5 •Core • is •Logical • allOf - like Java && • anyOf - like Java || • not •Object • equalTo - test object equality using Object.equals • notNullValue, nullValue - test for null
- 6. IN YOUR ZONE Hamcrest (some of the common matchers) 6 •Collections • hasEntry, hasKey, hasValue - test a map contains an entry, key or value • hasItem, hasItems - test a collection contains elements •Number • closeTo - test floating point values are close to a given value • greaterThan, greaterThanOrEqualTo, lessThan, lessThanOrEqualTo - test ordering •Text • equalToIgnoringCase • containsString, endsWith, startsWith - test string matching
- 8. IN YOUR ZONE Hamcrest Examples 8 •hasItem, hasItems
- 9. IN YOUR ZONE Hamcrest examples 9 •hasItems (fail)
- 10. IN YOUR ZONE Hamcrest examples 10 •hasEntry, hasValue, hasKey
- 11. IN YOUR ZONE Hamcrest examples 11 •Numbers
- 12. IN YOUR ZONE Hamcrest 12 •Actual automation code example
- 13. IN YOUR ZONE Lambdaj 13 •It’s designed to easily manipulate collections. •It uses Hamcrest matchers for filtering
- 14. IN YOUR ZONE Why Lambdaj 14 •Readability •Collections are very common •Iterating over them is not dead-easy •Loops are hard to read •Operations for collections: Convert, Index, Filter, Sort, Extract etc.
- 15. IN YOUR ZONE Lambdaj examples 15 •Mathematical comparisons •Mathematical operations
- 16. IN YOUR ZONE Lambdaj examples 16 •Method invoke – add last name
- 17. IN YOUR ZONE Lambdaj examples 17 •Select
- 18. IN YOUR ZONE Lambdaj examples 18 •Youngest Papoi
- 19. IN YOUR ZONE Lambdaj automation example 19
- 20. IN YOUR ZONE Lambdaj limitations 20 •Null or empty collection in forEach •Final class
- 21. IN YOUR ZONE Benefits 21 •Integration with Agile methodologies (BDD) •Clarity •Speed •Quick learning curve •Extensive application
- 22. IN YOUR ZONE Thank you 22 Cristian Coțoi| Senior Tester
- 23. IN YOUR ZONE References 23 •Hamcrest • http://code.google.com/p/hamcrest/wiki/Tutorial • http://edgibbs.com/junit-4-with-hamcrest/ • http://rafaelnaufal.com/blog/2010/03/15/using-hamcrest-and-junit/ - writing your own matchers •LambdaJ • http://code.google.com/p/lambdaj/ • http://code.google.com/p/lambdaj/wiki/LambdajFeatures
Editor's Notes
- There is a new trend in BDD that empowers every member of the team to make changes in the code of the application & testing, starting with how the stories are connected with the code and should also be taken deeper.Hamcrest and lambdaj are 2 such libraries that make the code more human readable and easier to understand.
- So why would I want to write assertions like this?ClarityassertThat() is a replacement for the traditionalassertEqual that is focused more on specifications than on BDDFirst one reads: “assert that a is 3”. The second reads “assert equals a (and) 3”SpeedThis is pretty str8 forward: “assert that list contains ‘banana’, ‘paple’, ‘papoi’”
- Collections are hard to interrogate, especially when read from an outside source.It is easy to write a loop, but not so very easy to extract things from that loop or perform conversions or other operations on the items in the loop.
- You can read this like:select from family items having…last nameequal to `Papoi`
- The current implementation of forEach cannot handle null or empty collections – this will just throw an exception.The same is true for a final class that is used with on()On average it is about 2-3 times slower, but depending on the collection it sometimes can be 6 times slower.