Pediatric Nursing subject related topics. that topic is otitis media.

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3. Otitis media:
Background:
Otitis media (OM) is the second most
common disease of childhood, after
upper respiratory infection (URI).
Definition:
It is defined as an inflammation of the
middle ear.

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5. Classification of otitis media
Acute otitis media
2. Chronic otitis media
Other-a.
Serous otitis media
b.Secretory otitis media
c.Suppurative otitis media
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6. Otitis media
• Healthy
Tympanic
Membrane

7. Etiology
Age: Common among
children due to shorter
Eustachian tube
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8. Etiology
Tonsillitis, Rhinitis,
Sinusitis, Pharyngitis &
infections secondary to
cleft palate
Trauma to the TM
Head injury
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9. Clinical manifestation
Fullness or heaviness in the ear
Severe ear pain at night
Deafness
Tinnitus (ringing or buzzing in the
ear)
Autophony (spoken words of
patient echo in his ears)
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11. Serous
Acute otitis
Serous otitis media media
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12. Perforation
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13. Bulging Ear drum
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14. Diagnostic evaluation
• History
• Physical examination
• Otoscopic examination
• Culture
• Audiometry ( testing of the
hearing sense) & Tympanometry
(evaluation of the mobility and
patency of the eardrum)
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16. Management
Medical Management-
• Administration of
antibiotic (Ampicillin or
Amoxicillin).
• Anti-inflammatory
(analgesic & antipyretic).
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17. Management
Surgical management-
Myringotomy or
tympanotomy (incision in
the tympanic membrane)
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18. Nursing care
• Apply hot water bag over the ear with the
child lying on the affected side may
reduce the discomfort (applied during the
attack of pain).
• Put ice bag over the affected ear may also
be beneficial to reduce edema (between
pain attacks).
• For drained ear; the external canal may be
frequently cleaned using sterile cotton
swabs (dry or soaked in hydrogen
peroxide).

19. • Excoriation of the outer ear should be
prevented by frequent cleansing &
application of zinc oxide to the area of
oxidate.
• Give special attention to th tympanostomy
tube i.e., avoid water entering the middle
ear and introducing bacteria.
• Educate family about care of child, & keep
them aware with the complications of
acute otitis media e.g.,hearing loss.
• Provide emotional support to the child &
his family.

20. Complications of O.M
• Hearing loss
• Chronic suppurative O.M
• Adhesive otitis
• Facial palsy
• Brain abscess.
• Meningitis.