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This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687
Results from the Fertinnowa
questionnaire
Risultati dei questionari del
progetto Fertinnowa
Collective consultation WP2 – 08/09/2017
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
A consultation at the european scale
371 growers for 531 cropping systems
3 main regions : North, West/ Mediterranean/ Centre, East
0 50 100 150 200
Poland
Slovenia
France
Italy
Portugal
South Africa
Spain
Belgium
France
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Central-
EastMediterraneanNorth-West
Type of system per country
soil-grown covered
soil-grown outdoor
soilless covered
soilless outdoor
20%
9%
3%
15%
9%
17%
9%
9%
9%
Tomato
Pepper
Eggplant
Strawberry
Melon
Cucumber/zucchini
Po ed ornamental
Po ed herbs
Salads
Italy
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687
Which water resources
available?
Which quality of irrigation
water?
Tipo e qualità di risorse
idriche disponibili
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%d’exploitationsenquêtées
Rainwater
Groundwater
Water from community
Surface water
Mains (tap) water
Recycled waste water
(drainage)
Other( desalinated/
disinfected urban watse
water ..)
#REF!
Origin of the water used
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Number of water sources available
per farm
1 source
61%
2 sources
33%
3 sources
5%
4 sources or more
1%
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Belgium,
n=43
Netherlands,
n=42
United
Kingdom,
n=17
France
North, n=16
France
South, n=26
Spain, n=94 Italy, n=33 South Africa,
n=8
Poland,
n=73
Slovenia,
n=19
North-West Mediterranean Central-East
Quantity problems
Quality problems (mineral
composition)
Sanitary problems
Chemical pollution problems
Problems linked to water source
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Mineral composition problems on
supply water
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Rainwater
Groundwater
Communitywater
RecycledDrainwater
Other water ( desalinated waterd, disinfected
urban watsewater, surface water)
Constantly
Sometimes
Exceptionally
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Solutions considered by growers
for sanitary problems
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Rainwater
Groundwater
Desalinatedwater
DisinfectedUrban…
RecycledDrainwater
SurfaceWater
Tapwater
Communitywater
Other
Changewatersource
Mixwatersource
Nothing
Filtration
Watertreatment
Other
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Measure of the growers’ satisfaction
0 20 40 60 80 100
Rainwater, n=121
Groundwater,
n=222
Communitywater,
n=88
RecycledDrainwat
er, n=40
Other water, n=74
Percentage of growers facing water quality
problems
Constantly Sometimes Exceptionally
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687
Which methodes are used for
optimising irrigation and
fertigation?
Quali metodi per ottimizzare
irrigazione e fertirrigazione?
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Irrigation management
Systems/equipment used by the growers
Crop appearance
Substrate/ soil appearance
Fixed Schedule adjusted
Fixed schedule
Weather station
Solarimeter
Temperature
Computerised water balance methods
Manual water balance sheet
Modeling device
Decision Support System
Tensiometer
Capacitance probe
Watermark
Neutron probe
TDR probe
Substrate water content
Substrate weighing
Leaf/Stem water potential
Dendrometer
Canopy coverage
Lysimeter
Demand tray system
EC sensor in discharge water
Drainage volume measurement
Measure of volume of water delivered to irrigation area
Measure of volume delivered at emitter
Italy %
NO TOOLS
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Irrigation management
Systems/equipment used by the growers
Total Europe %
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Fertilisation management
Tools used to manage fertigation inputs
Total Europe %
Analysis nutrient
solution
Soil analysis
Leaf/sap analysis
Other analysis
Analysis drain/drainage
water
Italy %
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Fertilisation management
Fertilisation units
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United
Kingdom
Central-East Mediterranean North-West
>5
5
4
3
2
1
0
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Fertilisation management
Fertigation system used
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United
Kingdom
Central-East Mediterranean North-West
Other
Simple fertilizer
tank
A and B tank
system
Multiple tanks of
concentrated
nutrient solution
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Fertilization management
Technical advices and good practices
Calculation for fertigation management
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United
Kingdom
Central-East Mediterranean North-West
other
no answer
grower and
advisor
grower
advisor
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Fertilization management
Technical advice and good practices
Registration of the amount of fertilizer given to the crop
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United
Kingdom
Central-East Mediterranean North-West
yes
no answer
no
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687
Bottlenecks and
motivation to the
innovation
Freni all’innovazione
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Water ressource durability
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Evolution of water availability
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Evolution of water quality
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Willing to use more sustainable
water
Yes No
Deterioration ImprovementNo evolution
Which reasons behind this findings ?
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Durability: which bottlenecks, which incitations?
• Bottlenecks
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Already the most sustainable
No reason to change - no problem
No alternative available
No financial capacity
Technical limitations
No trust in more sustainable water sources
Lack of space to store rainwater
Doesn't know how to do better
Too difficult climatic conditions to harvest rainwater
Regulatory bottleneck
Other ( stop the activity,...)
No answer
Giving reasons for not shifting towards a more sustainable water source?
Belgium, n=43 Netherlands, n=42 United Kingdom, n=17
France, n=42 Spain, n=94 Italy, n=33
South Africa, n=8 Poland, n=73 Slovenia, n=19
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Durability: which bottlenecks, which incitations?
• Incitations
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Poorwaterquality
Watershortage
Publicfunding
Costefficiency
Affordablecost
Watercost
Efficiencyproofs
Easyavailability
Technicalsupport
Feasabilitystudy
Legislationfacilitation
Legalobligation
Farmexpansion/change
Nothing
Doesn'tknow
Other
Water problems Economic reasons Technical reasons Legislation Other
Belgium, n=43 Netherlands, n=42 United Kingdom, n=17
France, n=42 Spain, n=94 Italy, n=33
South Africa, n=8 Poland, n=73 Slovenia, n=19
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Incitations to a better management of
fertigation
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Reducing labour costs (e.g. operation of manual valves)
Security of water supply
Addressing current or future restricted water availability
Licencing / legislative changes and need to demonstrate efficiency use
Meeting customer requirement to demonstrate sustainable production
Improving security of the production
Reducing crop and siol damages
Improving financial returns
reduce production costs
Increasing marketable yields
Improving crop quality
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Expected tools to improve fertigation
management
0 10 20 30 40 50
Other: increase knowledge on mineralisation of organic fertilizer
Workshops to better understand water source issues in your region and…
Workshops on how to improve your own water availability
Other : Technical advice
Workshops involving suppliers of fertigation equipment and nutrient…
Appropriate documents explaining the Best Practices and advantages…
Nutrient management Decision Support System printable tables
Documents about technologies -comparisons of systems
Updated nutriment recommendation guides
Direct face to face access to fertigation specialists and leading researchers
Learning from the experiences of other irrigators/fertigators
Nutrient management Decision Support System for portable devices…
Visiting sites which demonstrate fertigation best practice
Financial support / subsidies to apply BMP or to implement technology
Affordable real time nutrient diagnostic tools
Affordable remotely accessed automatic sensor-activated system for…
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
Water management: which expectations
from the authorities?
0
15
30
45
60
75
90
NOTHING
NOANSWER
CONTROLS
STAKEHOLDERSCONSULTATIONS
LESSPOLITICALINTERFERENCE
RAISEAWARNESSONWATER
MANAGEMENT
TECHNICALSUPPORT
EXPERIMENTATION
SETUP/MAINTAINWATER
INFRASTRUCTURES
INCREASEWATERQUALITY
LOWER/STABLEPRICEFORWATER
NOADDITIONALRULES/FEES
INCENTIVES/SUBSIDIES
POSITIVEINCITATIONS
CLEARGUIDELINES
ADMINISTRATIVESIMPLIFICATION
FACILITATION/FLEXIBILITYWITH
REGULATIONS
OTHER TECHNIQUE MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC ADMINISTRATION
Belgium, n=43 Netherlands, n=42 United Kingdom, n=17 France, n=42 Spain, n=94
Italy, n=33 South Africa, n=8 Poland, n=73 Slovenia, n=19
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
• Results not exhaustive, they anyway take a picture of European
state-of-art regarding irrigation and fertigation techniques and
famers’ habits;
• Strong effect of the geographical context – many local issues;
• Management tools poorly developed
 Lack of knowledge on the existing tools
 Kind of resistance towards innovation («I am ok with the
things I have»)
 More economical than technical bottlenecks
• Large room for improvements
Conclusions
Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
programme under grant agreement No 689687
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Please visit Fertinnowa website:
fertinnowa.com
and the technology database:
http://www.fertinnowa.com/technology-
database/

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CERSAA presents the outcomes of FERTINNOWA's benchmark study

  • 1. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Results from the Fertinnowa questionnaire Risultati dei questionari del progetto Fertinnowa Collective consultation WP2 – 08/09/2017 Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 2. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 A consultation at the european scale 371 growers for 531 cropping systems 3 main regions : North, West/ Mediterranean/ Centre, East 0 50 100 150 200 Poland Slovenia France Italy Portugal South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United Kingdom Central- EastMediterraneanNorth-West Type of system per country soil-grown covered soil-grown outdoor soilless covered soilless outdoor 20% 9% 3% 15% 9% 17% 9% 9% 9% Tomato Pepper Eggplant Strawberry Melon Cucumber/zucchini Po ed ornamental Po ed herbs Salads Italy Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 3. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Which water resources available? Which quality of irrigation water? Tipo e qualità di risorse idriche disponibili Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 4. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %d’exploitationsenquêtées Rainwater Groundwater Water from community Surface water Mains (tap) water Recycled waste water (drainage) Other( desalinated/ disinfected urban watse water ..) #REF! Origin of the water used Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 5. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Number of water sources available per farm 1 source 61% 2 sources 33% 3 sources 5% 4 sources or more 1% Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 6. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Belgium, n=43 Netherlands, n=42 United Kingdom, n=17 France North, n=16 France South, n=26 Spain, n=94 Italy, n=33 South Africa, n=8 Poland, n=73 Slovenia, n=19 North-West Mediterranean Central-East Quantity problems Quality problems (mineral composition) Sanitary problems Chemical pollution problems Problems linked to water source Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 7. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Mineral composition problems on supply water 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Rainwater Groundwater Communitywater RecycledDrainwater Other water ( desalinated waterd, disinfected urban watsewater, surface water) Constantly Sometimes Exceptionally Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 8. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Solutions considered by growers for sanitary problems 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Rainwater Groundwater Desalinatedwater DisinfectedUrban… RecycledDrainwater SurfaceWater Tapwater Communitywater Other Changewatersource Mixwatersource Nothing Filtration Watertreatment Other Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 9. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Measure of the growers’ satisfaction 0 20 40 60 80 100 Rainwater, n=121 Groundwater, n=222 Communitywater, n=88 RecycledDrainwat er, n=40 Other water, n=74 Percentage of growers facing water quality problems Constantly Sometimes Exceptionally Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 10. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Which methodes are used for optimising irrigation and fertigation? Quali metodi per ottimizzare irrigazione e fertirrigazione? Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 11. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Irrigation management Systems/equipment used by the growers Crop appearance Substrate/ soil appearance Fixed Schedule adjusted Fixed schedule Weather station Solarimeter Temperature Computerised water balance methods Manual water balance sheet Modeling device Decision Support System Tensiometer Capacitance probe Watermark Neutron probe TDR probe Substrate water content Substrate weighing Leaf/Stem water potential Dendrometer Canopy coverage Lysimeter Demand tray system EC sensor in discharge water Drainage volume measurement Measure of volume of water delivered to irrigation area Measure of volume delivered at emitter Italy % NO TOOLS Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 12. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Irrigation management Systems/equipment used by the growers Total Europe % Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 13. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Fertilisation management Tools used to manage fertigation inputs Total Europe % Analysis nutrient solution Soil analysis Leaf/sap analysis Other analysis Analysis drain/drainage water Italy % Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 14. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Fertilisation management Fertilisation units 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United Kingdom Central-East Mediterranean North-West >5 5 4 3 2 1 0 Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 15. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Fertilisation management Fertigation system used 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United Kingdom Central-East Mediterranean North-West Other Simple fertilizer tank A and B tank system Multiple tanks of concentrated nutrient solution Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 16. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Fertilization management Technical advices and good practices Calculation for fertigation management 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United Kingdom Central-East Mediterranean North-West other no answer grower and advisor grower advisor Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 17. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Fertilization management Technical advice and good practices Registration of the amount of fertilizer given to the crop 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Poland Slovenia France Italy South Africa Spain Belgium France Netherlands United Kingdom Central-East Mediterranean North-West yes no answer no Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 18. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Bottlenecks and motivation to the innovation Freni all’innovazione Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 19. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Water ressource durability 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Evolution of water availability 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Evolution of water quality 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Willing to use more sustainable water Yes No Deterioration ImprovementNo evolution Which reasons behind this findings ? Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 20. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Durability: which bottlenecks, which incitations? • Bottlenecks 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Already the most sustainable No reason to change - no problem No alternative available No financial capacity Technical limitations No trust in more sustainable water sources Lack of space to store rainwater Doesn't know how to do better Too difficult climatic conditions to harvest rainwater Regulatory bottleneck Other ( stop the activity,...) No answer Giving reasons for not shifting towards a more sustainable water source? Belgium, n=43 Netherlands, n=42 United Kingdom, n=17 France, n=42 Spain, n=94 Italy, n=33 South Africa, n=8 Poland, n=73 Slovenia, n=19 Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 21. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Durability: which bottlenecks, which incitations? • Incitations 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Poorwaterquality Watershortage Publicfunding Costefficiency Affordablecost Watercost Efficiencyproofs Easyavailability Technicalsupport Feasabilitystudy Legislationfacilitation Legalobligation Farmexpansion/change Nothing Doesn'tknow Other Water problems Economic reasons Technical reasons Legislation Other Belgium, n=43 Netherlands, n=42 United Kingdom, n=17 France, n=42 Spain, n=94 Italy, n=33 South Africa, n=8 Poland, n=73 Slovenia, n=19 Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 22. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Incitations to a better management of fertigation 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Reducing labour costs (e.g. operation of manual valves) Security of water supply Addressing current or future restricted water availability Licencing / legislative changes and need to demonstrate efficiency use Meeting customer requirement to demonstrate sustainable production Improving security of the production Reducing crop and siol damages Improving financial returns reduce production costs Increasing marketable yields Improving crop quality Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 23. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Expected tools to improve fertigation management 0 10 20 30 40 50 Other: increase knowledge on mineralisation of organic fertilizer Workshops to better understand water source issues in your region and… Workshops on how to improve your own water availability Other : Technical advice Workshops involving suppliers of fertigation equipment and nutrient… Appropriate documents explaining the Best Practices and advantages… Nutrient management Decision Support System printable tables Documents about technologies -comparisons of systems Updated nutriment recommendation guides Direct face to face access to fertigation specialists and leading researchers Learning from the experiences of other irrigators/fertigators Nutrient management Decision Support System for portable devices… Visiting sites which demonstrate fertigation best practice Financial support / subsidies to apply BMP or to implement technology Affordable real time nutrient diagnostic tools Affordable remotely accessed automatic sensor-activated system for… Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 24. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 Water management: which expectations from the authorities? 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 NOTHING NOANSWER CONTROLS STAKEHOLDERSCONSULTATIONS LESSPOLITICALINTERFERENCE RAISEAWARNESSONWATER MANAGEMENT TECHNICALSUPPORT EXPERIMENTATION SETUP/MAINTAINWATER INFRASTRUCTURES INCREASEWATERQUALITY LOWER/STABLEPRICEFORWATER NOADDITIONALRULES/FEES INCENTIVES/SUBSIDIES POSITIVEINCITATIONS CLEARGUIDELINES ADMINISTRATIVESIMPLIFICATION FACILITATION/FLEXIBILITYWITH REGULATIONS OTHER TECHNIQUE MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC ADMINISTRATION Belgium, n=43 Netherlands, n=42 United Kingdom, n=17 France, n=42 Spain, n=94 Italy, n=33 South Africa, n=8 Poland, n=73 Slovenia, n=19 Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 25. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 • Results not exhaustive, they anyway take a picture of European state-of-art regarding irrigation and fertigation techniques and famers’ habits; • Strong effect of the geographical context – many local issues; • Management tools poorly developed  Lack of knowledge on the existing tools  Kind of resistance towards innovation («I am ok with the things I have»)  More economical than technical bottlenecks • Large room for improvements Conclusions Summer School «Gli agrumi tra ornamento e produzione»
  • 26. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 689687 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION Please visit Fertinnowa website: fertinnowa.com and the technology database: http://www.fertinnowa.com/technology- database/

Editor's Notes

  1. Présentation de quelques thèmes, pas toute l’enquête La présentation s’organise autour de 3 thématiques : La qualité de l’eau La gestion de l’irrigation La gestion de la fertilisation. L’enquête est plus complète et l’ensemble des résultats seront bientôt disponible, le rapport est en cours de rédaction Les informations sur ces 3 thèmes sont déjà denses et beaucoup de choses intéressantes ressortent. N’hésitez pas à m’interrompre pour donner votre avis, échanger sur ce qui va vous être présenté. C’est le but de cette réunion aussi, d’obtenir vos réactions suite à ce travail d’enquête. Focus sur la production en sol, les informations sur les techniques hors sol ne seront pas abordées spécifiquement, seulement pour contextualiser ou a titre de comparaison. Nous n’aborderons pas le recyclage, ni la gestion de l’eau en circuit fermé
  2. Presentation of the countries that have been interviewed : 11 European coutries ; and the different cropping systems. A majority of questionnaires from Spain (4 Spanish partenrs). North France =Brittany. At the European scale, there is a large diversity in cropping systems: fruit, vegatables, ornamentals. Diversity of systems on farms- Some farms were more diversified than others. In total, there were 260 farms with 1 cropping system, 62 with 2 and 49 with 3 ). Almost 40 % of farms had more than one cropping system in the Mediterranean region, and 35 % in the North-West region. On the other side, more than 90% of the Central-East farms were specialized on one system. Diversified farms (3 systems) were mainly farms with soil-grown outdoor crops, e.g orchard Animation Les résultats des enquêtes réalisés par l’APREL sont représentés par l’échantillon France/Zone méditerranéenne. Dans notre échantillon, répartition a peu prés égale entre sol et hors sol, très peu de culture de plein champ, quasi que de l’abri. Animation Focus sur les enquêtes réalisées à l’APREL, 55% de Hors sol avec fraise et tomate, le reste en plein champ avec tomate et melon. Et plus de 90% de culture sous abris avec une partie de la production de melon également concerné par l’abri.
  3. Présentation de quelques thèmes, pas toute l’enquête La présentation s’organise autour de 3 thématiques : La qualité de l’eau La gestion de l’irrigation La gestion de la fertilisation. L’enquête est plus complète et l’ensemble des résultats seront bientôt disponible, le rapport est en cours de rédaction Les informations sur ces 3 thèmes sont déjà denses et beaucoup de choses intéressantes ressortent. N’hésitez pas à m’interrompre pour donner votre avis, échanger sur ce qui va vous être présenté. C’est le but de cette réunion aussi, d’obtenir vos réactions suite à ce travail d’enquête. Focus sur la production en sol, les informations sur les techniques hors sol ne seront pas abordées spécifiquement, seulement pour contextualiser ou a titre de comparaison. Nous n’aborderons pas le recyclage, ni la gestion de l’eau en circuit fermé
  4. Eau de forage est le type le plus utilisée en Europe (60%). Des cas d’utilisation particulier à certains pays: Eau de pluie : Nord Europe va de pair avec la production hors sol et la possibilité de récupération et de stockage. Régime de pluie compatible avec le stockage et l’utilisation en culture Communauté d’irrigant en Espagne. Le manque d’eau a entraîné la création de structure particulière pour gérer la ressource. (mix de différentes sources d’eau forage, canal, pluie, parfois de l’eau désalinisée) pour subvenir aux besoins de l’agriculture. Avec un coût souvent élevé. Animation En France, majorité des exploitations utilisent l’eau de forage, Pour les productions hors sol, complément avec l’eau de drainage et pour les exploitations situées en Bretagne, utilisation de l’eau de pluie. En maraîchage, très peu de recours à l’eau de surface (type canal d’irrigation). Les résultats auraient été différents si arboriculteur dans l’enquête. En Europe Centrale et en zone méditerranéenne, La majorité des exploitations utilisent une seule ressource d’eau, le plus souvent l’eau de forage, sauf l’Espagne qui repose sur le système de communautés d’irrigation. En Europe Nord Ouest, où se concentre surtout la production hors sol, les ressources en eau sont plus diversifiée, les exploitations reposent en majorité sur 2 types de ressources, plus rarement 1 ou 3. Ceci s’explique par le développement du recyclage et la possibilité du stockage et de l’utilisation de l’eau de pluie.
  5. Fort effet du contexte géographique, Les problèmes de quantité disponible se situent dans la zone Nord Ouest, qui s’explique par les difficultés pour stocker l’eau sur l’exploitation (pas assez d’eau disponible à certains moments de l’année/ des quantités trop importantes impossible à stocker). En zone méditerranéenne s’explique par les périodes de sécheresse ou de moindre disponibilité (entre juin et août en particulier) et également lorsque les producteurs sont confrontés au système de tour d’eau comme en Espagne avec le système de communauté d’irrigation. Les problèmes de qualité sont ponctuels, selon les pays mais des difficultés existent en Belgique, au royaume uni, en Bretagne, en Italie. Ces difficultés sont souvent liées avec une utilisation destinée à la production hors sol qui nécessite des eaux peu chargées en éléments minéraux. Animation Dans le cas des producteurs enquêtés par l’APREL, la qualité de l’eau semblent satisfaisantes pour la majorité d’entre eux. Certains producteurs en hors sol font face à une eau parfois assez chargée en minéraux qui rend plus difficile son utilisation, ce qui expliquent que un peu plus de 20% déclarent avoir des problèmes de qualité même si cela peut être exceptionnel.
  6. Si on approfondit ce problème de qualité de l’eau, On s’aperçoit tout de même que les producteurs sont en général plutôt satisfait par la qualité de l’eau d’apport disponible. Les principales difficultés sont enregistrées chez les producteurs qui recyclent. L’accumulation d’ion non alimentaire (Chlorure, Sodium), ou les valeurs d’EC trop élevées sont les principales difficultés évoquées par les producteurs de hors sol qui recyclent. On observe également que les problèmes de qualité minérale de l’eau d’apport ont la plupart du temps un caractère exceptionnel Bilan plutôt positif concernant la qualité de l’eau d’apport.
  7. Les données présentaient à partir de maintenant incluent uniquement les systèmes de culture en sol.
  8. Culture en sol couvert et plein champ, regroupe à la fois les maraîchers et les arbo.
  9. Culture en sol couvert et plein champ, regroupe à la fois les maraîchers et les arbo.
  10. En grande majorité pas de réponse. Animation : Ou alors les producteurs considèrent être déjà dans la situation la plus durable ou n’observe aucun problème dans leur situation actuelle et ne voit pas de raison de changer. Pour ceux qui souhaiteraient changer, ils s’orientent en majorité vers la récupération d’eau de pluie mais font face à plusieurs contraintes (Animation) : Des limites techniques, Le problèmes des coûts supplémentaires impossible à assumer Des conditions climatiques inadaptées, c’est le cas ici dans le SE, et beaucoup de réponses allaient dans ce sens, Un problème de place pour les bassins de stockage Ce qui peut expliquer en partie le fait que beaucoup de producteurs ne voient pas d’alternatives possibles à leur situation actuelle.
  11. Incitations de 3 niveaux (animation) Lier à un problème avec la ressource en eau disponible, c’est surtout le cas en France et en Espagne D’ordre économique, principalement si cela permet de réduire les coûts de l’accès à l’eau ou si la transition est appuyée par des subventions D’ordre règlementaire, si une obligation venait à faire changer les modes d’utilisation (obligation légale) On remarque aussi la grande proportion de producteurs qui ne seraient convaincus par aucune incitation pour utiliser une source d’eau plus durable
  12. Ce graphique et le suivant ne concernent que l’échantillon France SE, les données n’étaient pas disponible à l’echelle EU
  13. Les attentes des producteurs sont de plusieurs natures. On trouve 3 grandes catégories, la première concerne le rapport avec l’administration et la simplification des démarches administratives, un assouplissement de la règlementation et des lignes directrices claires pour bien comprendre la législation, les droits et devoirs. La seconde concerne l’aspect économique et la mise en place d’incitation positive (financière ou non) pour aider les entreprises agricoles à améliorer leurs méthodes de gestion plutôt que de mettre en place des actions répressives Enfin encourager l’administration à financer l’appui technique pour disposer d’un outil efficace pour progresser techniquement Cependant, là-aussi, on retrouve un large désintérêt, avec un nombre élevé de producteurs répondent ne rien attendre des pouvoirs publics. Semblent traduire une certaine défiance vis-à-vis de l’administration FIN PARTIE 1 QUALITE