2. niace Digital Learning Conference
This house proposes that
“Adult Education must embrace
the MOOC culture”
This presentation presents a position
AGAINST MOOCs BUT for Adult &
Community e-Learning (ACL)
Learning at the Digital Frontier Senate House, London
4. What is Digital Learning?
In 2002 I was asked to develop a
Digital Divide Content Strategy
Knowing the USA ContentBank
project (@andycarvin) I argued for a
research-based process;
Metadata for Community Content
Community Development Model of Learning
5. Community Development Learning
We found;
1. NO Content solves the Digital Divide
2. Interest-driven learning/Andragogy
3. Self-supported learning communities
4. Community-responsive curricula
*Context is Queen*
We needed;
1. Content–creation toolkits (aclearn.net)
2. Timely Interventions by trusted intermediaries…
Community Development Model of Learning
6. Digital Divide Inclusion Network
Cybrarian project 2002 also developed a
prototype Facebook for Learning
Rejected because;
a) Need new metaphor; social networks
b) Government doesn‟t want inclusion
c) Formal education disables you from
seeing new ideas
Community Development Model of Learning
7. In 2002 the Web went participative
What is Web 2.0?;
http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html
8. Learner-Generated Contexts Group
LGC; a group looking at what learning
would look like post-web 2.0!
Participatory, learner-generated, web
as a platform for social learning etc…
“A coincidence of motivations
leading to agile configurations”
or Trust the learner and organise
around what emerges…
Learner-Generated Contexts Shock of the Old 2008
9. Learner-Generated Contexts Group
Smart Mobs +
Everything is
Miscellaneous
Means
Here Comes Everybody
OR
Smart Mobs – Howard Rheingold
Everything is Miscellaneous – Dave Weinberger
Here Comes Everybody – Clay Shirky
10. In 2007 OU launched Open Learn
The Open University opened first Open Education
Resource based project at a British University, based on its
historic distance learning model (1964)
Open-Context Model of Learning
An Open multi-context post-Web 2.0
“Pedagogy” based on Pedagogy
Andragogy Heutagogy Continuum…
“The most exciting thing happening in England” – John Seeley Brown
Open Learn; http://www.open.edu/openlearn/
Open Context Model of Learning
12. Pedagogy Andragogy Heutagogy
Pedagogy the institutionalisation of learning
around facts, resource scarcity, subject disciplines;
education as a delivery system (cognition)
Andragogy negotiated, collaborative, interestdriven learning brokered into „open‟ spaces. At best
the community is the curriculum (meta-cognition)
Heutagogy self-determined learning where learner
creativity enables innovation (epistemic cognition)
From Andragogy to Heutagogy
PAH Continuum
13. Pedagogies are not enough
Learning is Emergent not institutionalised! We need to
design for emergence and create tools to support that in a
wiki-based collaborative world;
“Fit for Context” Learning;
Emergent Learning Model rethinks learning as
i. Social Processes not classrooms
ii. Content Creation or Curation not textbooks
iii. Quality Assurance not high-stakes assessment
We needed to build new learning exemplars of „nonlinear dynamic systems‟
Learning is Emergent; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/
Emergent Learning Model http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/fg-ouemergenttable
14. Ambient Learning City
Being Insanely Ambitious we decided to test emergent
learning by turning Manchester into an Ambient Learning
CityCities have many more learning contexts than a single
classroom, so we decided to design for them;
BUT We needed new Learning Metaphors
Aggregate then Curate our new
#socialmediaparticipation model
Creating structured ways for people to inter-act with their city;
even during riots (A History of Manchester in 100 objects)
Ambient Learning City; http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/ambientlearningcity
Aggregate then Curate http://mosialong.wordpress.com/2011/08/08/aggregate-then-curate/
15. Aggregate then Curate; Emergence
Aggregate then Curate(Research in learning technologies)
16. Before the xMOOC
1. No “killer” content makes learning easy/inclusive
2. Context is Queen
3. People want to learn – trust them
4. People want to collaborate – support them
5. Create tools for learning and allow free use
6. New learning contexts need new learning metaphors
7. New learning metaphors need new processes
8. Learners are naturally andragogic online
9. Web 2.0 tools and social networks enable heutagogy
10. Learning is emergent & we can design for that
Learning is Emergent; http://heutagogicarchive.wordpress.com/
Emergent Learning Model http://www.slideshare.net/fredgarnett/fg-ouemergenttable
18. Enter the MOOC
I assume we are talking about xMOOCs
1. xMOOCs are pedagogically-driven course-based
educational content-delivery systems.
2. xMOOCs reflect NOTHING whatsoever that we
have learnt about LEARNING based on the
digital disruption of the last 20 years
3. xMOOCs Not even a “sage on the stage” but
hierarchically-based; reflecting 1000 years of
“Education under the Lecturn”
4. xMOOCs are unheated digital libraries in the sky
Building Democractic Learning
19. The problem with xMOOCs
1. xMOOCs ignore everything learnt about learning
2. xMOOCs return the Technology-Enhanced
Learning debate back to technology-push
3. xMOOCsare about 19th Century institutions
crowding out debate about 21stC learning
4. That debate is driven by people who do not
know how to teach nor what learning is
5. xMOOCsare about using the values of the credit
crunch to create an education crunch
Building Democractic Learning
21. If we want Digital Learning
We have discovered that;
1.
2.
3.
4.
People want to learn
Learning is social and informal
Collaboration and discussion enable learning
Digital tools enable Search & evaluation, Collaboration
& discussion AND curation and creation (andragogy &
heutagogy) in learning
We need;
New teaching skills participatory learning processes
New metaphors social platforms learning literacies
Are we e-enabling traditional education
or transforming learning?
Digital Practitioner;
22. Digital Learning for a Network Society
But education is about designing the society that we
want to live in. It has to be “Fit for Context”
I want;
• Interest-driven learning
• Trust in learners
• Social Justice not Social Capital
• Open Scholarship
• Co-creating network Society
• Participatory Democracy
Adult Education needs;
“artfully-crafted, student-centred learning
experiences” (Digital Practitioner report 2011)
Homi and the NeXT One;
23. Accrediting Emergent Learning
In WikiQuals we are looking at how you “accredit” the
heutagogy of self-determined learning
Trust the Sqolar
Co-creating Open Scholarship
Develop Personal Learning Networks
Act in the real world (and document it)
Participatory Democracy needs participatory learning
We need to rethink the society we want and how we
use learning networks and democracy to get there
Co-creating Open Scholarship
WikiQuals Project
24. Digital Learning for a Network Society
Econ-model Tech-Push Demand-Pull New Society
LEARNING> Learning
ECONOMY / Product
Learning
Services
Transformational
Platforms
Business as
Usual
xMOOCS
cMOOCs
Distributed
Learning Hubs
Digital
Upgrade
E-service
delivery
JISC e-portfolio
Learner-centric
BYOD
Network
Democracy
Aggregate
then Curate
at Home
Architecture of
Participation /
Pattern Design
Multi-context
participatory cocreation
Open Learning and Network Democracy
25. Some Quotes
The Internet is your learning environment South Bristol
Learning Network 1994
“Solve the problem that annoys you most” Philippa Young
MOOCs are a meme that might raise the level of debate
about next-generation agile learning David Jennings
Learning itself does not scale, because learners own their
own learning Fred Garnett
Social media in education is characterised by a) a set of
social practices b) a learning environment c) digital tools
Violeta Maria Serbu (CROS Bucharest)
School pokes your eyes out, University teaches you Braille,
Postgraduate Education teaches you speed-reading in Braille
Fred Emery 1965
26. Digital LearningResources Links
Community Development Model of Learning
Learner_Generated Contexts
Open Context Model of Learning blog
Craft of Teaching / PAH Continuum
Emergent Learning Model
Ambient Learning City
Aggregate then Curate
Digital Practitioner
Open Learning and Network Democracy
CROS Alternative University
Book on Integration of Formal & Informal Adult eLearning
Contact @fredgarnetthttps://twitter.com/fredgarnett
Presented to NIACE Digital Learning Conference
11 / 12 / 13
27. Adult eLearningResource
Synergic Integration of Formal
and Informal E-learning
Environments for Adult Lifelong
Learners
Edited by Sabrina Leone
Published by IGI Global
Towards an Adult Learning
Architecture of Participation
Book on Integration of Formal &
Informal Adult eLearning
Presented to NIACE Digital Learning Conference
11 / 12 / 13