Lecture at the European Commission, Directorate-Generale of Education, Youth, Sport and Culture (Brussels), 5th June 2018

1. The challenge
of digital education
nowadays
Fernando Trujillo Sáez
https://unsplash.com/photos/4flhKx1sUdE

2. https://unsplash.com/photos/alt9KvwlERg
I love “challenges”!

3. https://unsplash.com/photos/G4ZjuxOFD8Y

4. The Challenges of
Digital…
•Humanities
•Equity
•Entrepreneurship
•Health
•Media
•Photography
•Public Security
•Theology
•…
https://unsplash.com/photos/JR1ChBgzJvQ

5. Digitalism is a global
challenge.

6. We roughly understand the
complexity of digital networks…
https://unsplash.com/photos/l090uFWoPaI

7. But we do perceive
their importance.
https://unsplash.com/photos/pkKeuRiDa2Q

8. Digital Education is as complex and
relevant as other “digital fields”.

9. The School is
sending us an
urgent SOS
message:
we want to
but we can’t.

10. challenges
of digital
education
https://unsplash.com/photos/H-82Nbe8m7o

11. Challenge #1:
The Digital Citizen
https://unsplash.com/photos/53d-jja8Owo

12. Digital
citizenship as
“good digital
safety and
good digital
etiquette”
Randy Hollandsworth, Judy Donovan & Mary Welch. 2017.
“Digital Citizenship: You Can’t Go Home Again”.
TechTrends, 61, pp. 524-530.
https://unsplash.com/photos/BYL0-7AP8-c

13. Is Digital citizenship
an individual issue or
a collective concern?

14. Competence
and use are
individually-
defined
constructs.
https://unsplash.com/photos/zucx9-tQIVE

15. ILLUSTRATION:ELRUBENCIO
COGNITIVE DOMAIN
SIMPLE TASKS
WITH GUIDANCE
REMEMBERING
SIMPLE TASKS
AUTONOMY AND
WITH GUIDANCE
WHERE NEEDED
REMEMBERING
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5 Level 6 Level 7 Level 8
ON MY OWN
UNDERSTANDING
Learning to swim in the Digital Ocean: THE DIGITAL COMPETENCE FRAMEWORK FOR CITIZENS (V. 2.1)
Foundation Intermediate Advanced Highly-specialised
TASKS, AND WELL-DEFINED &
NON-ROUTINE PROBLEMS
INDEPENDENT AND
ACCORDING TO MY NEEDS
UNDERSTANDING
WELL-DEFINED AND
ROUTINE TASKS, AND
STRAIGHTFORWARD
PROBLEMS
GUIDING OTHERS
APPLYING
DIFFERENT TASKS
AND PROBLEMS
DigComp 2.1 is a collaboration between
the Joint Research Centre and DG Em-
ployment Social Affairs and Inclusion
COMPLEXITY OF TASKS AUTONOMY
MOST APPROPRIATE TASKS
ABLE TO ADAPT
TO OTHERS IN A
COMPLEX CONTEXT
EVALUATING
RESOLVE COMPLEX PROBLEMS
WITH LIMITED SOLUTIONS
CREATING
INTEGRATE TO CONTRIBUTE TO
THE PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
AND TO GUIDE OTHERS
RESOLVE COMPLEX
PROBLEMS WITH MANY
INTERACTING FACTORS
CREATING
PROPOSE NEW IDEAS AND
PROCESSES TO THE FIELD

16. Digital
Citizenship is a
cornerstone of
our identity
and a
pervasive
concept
(as technology is)
https://unsplash.com/photos/KGcLJwIYiac

17. Social
responsibility
Critical
Thinking
Digital competence
https://unsplash.com/photos/RJla0P7GNiY
Digital
citizenship

18. Digital Citizenship
means a total revision
of the relationship of
the individual with
their natural and
sociocultural
environment.
https://unsplash.com/photos/d_4sntoSP_E

19. Challenge #2:
The Digital
(Learning)
Environment
https://unsplash.com/photos/U0Vv8VgpsfY

20. The question “which elements of the
ecosystem are preventing digital
learning at school?”
is legitimate.
https://unsplash.com/photos/MYRG0ptGh50

21. Analogical textbooks?
Initial or in-service teacher training?
Problems with broadband connection?
The curriculum?
https://unsplash.com/photos/yP19KADwhEI

22. But this narrow-focused approach
may be misleading.
https://unsplash.com/photos/ndP5Oj0sSps

23. Digital development takes
place in an ecological setting.
As literacy does.
https://unsplash.com/photos/pVdiv_8oY_s

24. It is an ecological issue:
“the whole is greater than
the sum of its parts”*
*Quote by Aristotle at the end of The Digital Skills and Jobs Coalition Members Charter

25. The Digital Agenda
for Europe paves
the way for deeper
and wider digital
competence in
Europe.
https://unsplash.com/photos/KGcLJwIYiac

26. The effort to
globally ingrain
digital technology
beyond the
school permeates
school learning
if…
https://unsplash.com/photos/zosE9lAYQlo

27. Challenge #3
Digital Learning
https://unsplash.com/photos/sQVXS8HBPPc

28. People using
digital
technology to
build knowledge
and develop their
competences?
https://unsplash.com/photos/wS73LE0GnKs

29. Digital technology is not
just a tool,
even less a “neutral” tool.
https://unsplash.com/photos/lt2GzPlOAmc

30. WITH
ABOUT
ABOVE and BEHIND
WITHOUT
Digital learning
means
Learning
Digital
Technology
https://unsplash.com/photos/ut67iFuoD2o

31. Technology is
designed to
solve
problems.
Learning WITH
digital technology
means learning by
doing and solving
problems
https://unsplash.com/photos/kL6poGNsv7c

32. Learning ABOUT digital technology
is an inquiry-based activity…
https://unsplash.com/photos/a05gCZBCmXY
… to understand the functioning of
Technology.

33. https://unsplash.com/photos/-swfFFgnF6Y
Learning ABOVE and BEHIND
Technology implies
considering Technology as a
control device and regarding
its implications to our
identity, safety and freedom.

34. Learning WITHOUT digital technology
means to reactivate our bodies to
learn with and through them.
https://unsplash.com/photos/T4iYRu6oIlE

35. But to promote these four
approaches to digital learning
the school…
https://unsplash.com/photos/vC8wj_Kphak

36. Challenge #4
The Digital School
https://unsplash.com/photos/6cXZnFCd2KQ

37. A school is a special
concentration of
resources to promote
learning.
https://unsplash.com/photos/iC0MX40g480

38. Learning is guaranteed.
WHO WHAT WHEN
HOW
MUCH
OR
DEEP
https://unsplash.com/photos/MLtcpbwQT7I
It depends.

39. Does the school need
to be a competitive
ecosystem for the
students?
https://unsplash.com/photos/dYHu_GuU73o

40. A supporting, empowering school is
much better oriented to success-for-all,
which is much more profitable
in social terms.
https://unsplash.com/photos/AX-ma0j6elM

41. So providing the
school with the
adequate
resources for
inclusive digital
learning means
catering for a
really (competent)
digital society
https://unsplash.com/photos/x2Tmfd1-SgA

42. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/digcomporg

43. TECHNO-ORGANIZATIONAL DIMENSION TECHNO-PEDAGOGICAL DIMENSION
Leadership & Governance
Collaboration/Networking
Professional Development
Teaching & Learning
Evaluation
Content & Curricula
INFRAESTRUCTURE (DIGITAL+SPACES)

44. And helping
Schools
become open
learning hubs
make them
more
sustainable.
But then
teachers…
https://unsplash.com/photos/PmpMQDiQ2F8

45. Challenge #5
The Digital Teacher
https://unsplash.com/photos/75nbwHfDsnY

46. Teachers nowadays are
connected citizens.
In general.
https://unsplash.com/photos/rvH5oPPUvbk

47. Teachers, as
specialized
workers,
need the
best tools
to produce
the best
results.
Including
digital tools.
https://unsplash.com/photos/HgUDpaGPTEA

48. Can all schools in
Europe claim they have
the digital equipment
to appropriately face
Digital Education?
https://unsplash.com/photos/NP4mDCN0PIU

49. And part of those
“best tools” are
RESPECT for
teachers and
SELF-CONFIDENCE.
https://unsplash.com/photos/r1YbXj0nkAU

50. Innovation only grows from
a grassroots movement.
It is a bottom-up upsurge.
https://unsplash.com/photos/BggmN_OiBMo

51. Dissemination
as part of teacher
professionalism
https://unsplash.com/photos/mdADGzyXCVE

52. Digital professional
development experiences
https://unsplash.com/photos/mcLpPD36-2k

53. https://unsplash.com/photos/3To9V42K0Ag
“Teaching and learning
to teach are
contextually situated.
Professional
development activities
must therefore build on
teachers' own
knowledge and beliefs,
perceived problems, and
classroom practices.”
Linda van den Bergh, Anje Ros, Douwe
Beijaard. 2015. Teacher learning in the
context of a continuing professional
development programme: A case study.
Teaching and Teacher Education, 47,
142-150.

54. Connectivist MOOCshttps://unsplash.com/photos/xKSEI2l1lmU

55. New teachers for
new students
https://unsplash.com/photos/wWZzXlDpMog

56. Challenge #6 (The Final Challenge)
The Digital Student
https://unsplash.com/photos/y88uVd4tcNo

57. Is the digital student
something different
from the digital citizen?
https://unsplash.com/photos/BsWgMBfb208

58. The student-as-digital-
citizen builds on the
“student agency, which
focuses specifically on
student capabilities to
influence their learning
environments.”
Manja Klemenčič, 2017, “From Student Engagement to
Student Agency: Conceptual Considerations of European
Policies on Student-Centered Learning in Higher Education”.
Higher Education Policy, 2017, 30, (69–85), pg. 80.
https://unsplash.com/photos/CJpMLpeuQng

59. Agency is the capacity
to face a challenge
and take action.
https://unsplash.com/photos/JRVxgAkzIsM

60. Agency is linked to
two other concepts:
“ownership” and “sense-making”.
Inspired by Ketelaar, E., Beijaard,
D., Boshiizen, H. P. A., Den Brok, P.
J. 2012. “Teachers’ positioning
towards an educational innovation
in the light of ownership, sense-
making and agency”. Teaching and
Teacher Education, 28, 273-282.
https://unsplash.com/photos/jfkD2buRaxA

61. Does the learning activity
allow students to express
who they are and what
they consider important?
Inspired by Ketelaar, E., Beijaard, D., Boshiizen, H. P. A., Den Brok, P. J. 2012. “Teachers’
positioning towards an educational innovation in the light of ownership, sense-making
and agency”. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28, 273-282.
Ownership
https://unsplash.com/photos/UvRMcIeXq9Y

62. Does the learning activity
allow students to
“understand” the world
around them?
Inspired by Ketelaar, E., Beijaard, D., Boshiizen, H. P. A., Den Brok, P. J. 2012. “Teachers’ positioning towards an
educational innovation in the light of ownership, sense-making and agency”. Teaching and Teacher Education, 28,
273-282.
Sense-Making
https://unsplash.com/photos/p0W9Q9gei4g

63. How can we promote
“agency”, “ownership” and
“sense-making” through
digital learning?
https://unsplash.com/photos/EyTS92S8lPs

64. Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the
European Higher Education Area (ESG). (2015). Brussels,
Belgium.
https://unsplash.com/photos/jR4Zf-r

65. Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in
the European Higher Education Area (ESG). (2015).
Brussels, Belgium.
High Expectations
Flexibility and variety
Active learning methodologies
Trans-forming Assessment
Learner autonomy through scaffolding
Respect for and appreciation of diversity
https://unsplash.com/photos/VLaKsTkmVhk

66. The real challenge
implies offering
students a school
environment as
stimulating in relation
to learning as the
outside-of-school
environment.
https://unsplash.com/photos/Zqwo009nmCc

67. Can digital technology
help us attain
that goal?
https://unsplash.com/photos/TVQFl9R-MLQ

68. Can we plan a set of actions
so that Digital Education becomes real?
https://unsplash.com/photos/r9T0LZv8xWQ

69. https://unsplash.com/photos/ipxnkyzX13U
We hope so!
That’s your
challenge
today!

70. https://unsplash.com/photos/GiUJ02Yj_io
Fernando Trujillo Sáez
http://fernandotrujillo.es