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CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTSGETTING INTIMATE WITH THE “IoT” Guthrie Dolin David BlissPlanning-ness 2012 Executive Director of Strategy Executive Director of R&D @gee3 @davidbliss

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A DEFINITIONThe Internet of Things: Networks ofphysical objects (aka. things) withembedded sensors and actuators thatcommunicate with other objects,databases and in some cases, directlywith people.5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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A few (not so) staggering facts. 50 CONNECTED THINGS 37.5 25 MORE POPULATION 12.5 0 ‘03 ‘10 ‘15 ‘20 Majority of U.S. phones Nike+ has recorded more More connecting things are smartphones. Just. then 5.6 trillion steps. than people. Way more. The numbers from Nielsen Research Launched in May 2006 as a Long ago the number of connected (as of March 2012) show that 50.4% of collaboration between Nike and Apple, things out numbered the world U.S. mobile now own a smartphone — the Nike Plus platform has now logged population. By 2020 it is estimated up from 47.8% in December 2011. 5.6 trillion steps — burning more then that there will 7.6 billion people and 662 million calories in the process. whooping 50 billion connected things.3 5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Even bananas are gettin’ connected. MORE ON THIS TOPIC A LITTLE LATER...4

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“ Were moving to a world in which every device generates useful data, in which every action creates ‘information shadows’ on the net. TIM O’REILLY | FOUNDER AND CEO, O’REILLY MEDIA5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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The LandscapeOF THE INTERNET OF THINGS

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Mapping the IoT landscape, simply. P URV IE W Individual Home/Auto Community City/Regional National Global P U RP OSE Smarter choices Greater efficiency & & new behaviors INSIGHTS + UNDERSTANDING AUTOMATION + OPTIMIZATION new opportunities5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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CASE STUDY / FITBIT TRACKER Fitbit offers a full ecosystem of sensor devices and software applications that are designed to help individuals live healthier and more actives lives.8

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CASE STUDY / NEST LEARNING THERMOSTAT Nest Learning Thermostat learns your home climate preferences and sets itself. The app and realtime dashboard let you control and monitor your Nest from anywhere.9

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CASE STUDY / AIR QUALITY EGG Air Quality Egg is an open source sensor to monitor hyper-local air quality and collect it for analysis at the neighborhood, city or regional level.10

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CASE STUDY / GOOGLE MAPS — TRAFFIC Google collects traffic data from Android phone users and an extensive network of sensors embedded in highways — managed by local and state highway agencies.11

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TitleCASE STUDY / FEDEX SENSEAWARESenseAware from FedEx is an advanced Body goes here...tracking device that gives you real-time dataabout critical shipments — and the ability toshare that information collaboratively.5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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The AnatomyOF CONNECTED OBJECTS

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The anatomy of a connected object. EVENT SENSOR LOGGING UPLOAD ANALYSIS ACTION REPORT CONTROLLER5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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The anatomy of a connected object. EVENT SENSOR LOGGING UPLOAD ANALYSIS ACTION Any happening Hardware that The registering or Logged data is Individual and Events triggered in the physical detects events recording of the transferred to the aggregate data is either by objects world that has and converts data collected by servers and saved analyzed by or by people. been identified them into an the sensors(s). for later use. algorithms, to be observed. electrical signal. generating Detection may be information and binary or it may knowledge. REPORT measure a physical quality. Display processed information for people to use. CONTROLLER Each IoT object has a controller to manage its operation. The controller converts electrical signals received from sensors into data. It logs the data locally and uploads it when possible. Some controllers also perform initial analysis and provide status reports.5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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The Fitbit system for example: EVENT SENSOR LOGGING UPLOAD ANALYSIS ACTION Walking Accelerometer Steps Tracker data is Stairs climbed ... Running Altimeter Altitude uploaded via PC Calories burned Climbing Pushbutton Weight Calories to be Sleeping Weight % Body Fat Scale, Mobile eaten Eating Volt-Ohm meter Activities Apps and Sleep patterns Drinking Water Drank Dashboard BMI Activities Food Eaten connect directly REPORT Custom Data to internet Read Outs Dashboard5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Another way to look at the Fitbitecosystem. Fitbit Mobile App Mobile Apps supporting manual data entry and basic reports. Fitbit Ultra Fitbit Aria Smart Scale A small, wearable device Device with weight and % with accelerometer, body fat sensors as well as altimeter, simple display WiFi. and wireless. API Fitbit Dashboard Fitbit API Web application for Third-parties can extend the detailed reporting and Fitbit ecosystem via the goal management. Application Programming Interface.5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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The connected you. CAN PERSONAL CONNECTED OBJECTS HELP US LIVE SMARTER, HEALTHIER AND EVEN HAPPIER LIVES?18

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The PotentialOF CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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A path to insight and understanding. UPLOAD LOGGING ANALYSIS INSIGHT SENSOR ACTION EVENT REPORT5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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The system is a virtuous circuit.The system collects data and provides analysis that can lead to insightsthat encourage or inspire change (new behaviors, new ideas, etc.). Thatchange, in turn, produces additional data and thus new insights. NEW CHANGE DATA SET ANALYSIS INSIGHT NEW CHANGE DATA SET ANALYSIS INSIGHTDATA SET ANALYSIS INSIGHT5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Change accelerates in social networks. When the system allows insights to be shared or broadcast across a network, a single person’s learning can influence the behavior of many.5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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“ Data from phones, computers and credit cards are mostly used by companies to target advertising, recommend products or spot fraud. But tapping into the stream of data they generate can give people new ways to deal with medical problems or improve their quality of life in other ways. GARY WOLF | CONTRIBUTING EDITOR AT WIRED AND CO-FOUNDER OF THE QUANTIFIED SELF5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Unusual SuspectsTECHNOLOGY THAT YOU MAY, OR MAY NOT KNOW ABOUT

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Skin Conductance Skin conductance is a method of measuring the electrical conductance of the skin, which varies with its moisture level. This is of interest because the sweat glands are controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, so skin conductance is used as an indication of psychological or physiological arousal. POSSIBLE USES • Monitoring mental stress and/or arousal. • Possibly predicting dangerous events, such as seizures or heart attacks. • Touch body interfaces!5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Printed Electronics Graphite, silver or other conductive materials can be used to print circuits on paper. This technology is in its infancy but is already used to print capacitive touch sensors on toys, greeting cards and posters. Prototypes of bending force sensors and solar panels have been produced. POSSIBLE USES • Low cost production — touch interfaces can be printed using standard printing presses • Integrate traditional components on flexible surfaces — light-up paper-craft toys made without wires5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Digestible Sensors US firm Proteus Biomedical has teamed up Lloyds Pharmacy to bring to market a sensor-enabled pill that can monitor patients adherence to medication. Really. POSSIBLE USES • Keep track of pills taken throughout the day • Share information with family members and doctors • Help avoid lethal drug and allergy combinations5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Tiny WirelessWiFi is great for connecting to the internet but is inefficient formost sensor to sensor communication. Alternate standardssuch as Zigbee offer simple ways to for sensors to connect toone another and share data. These networks require very littlepower making them ideal for large networks of sensors. POSSIBLE USES • Wireless smoke and intruder sensors • Monitoring and controlling temperature and humidity levels in commercial greenhouses • Wireless telegraph to communicate with your friends5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Ultrasonic Sensors These sensors emit high-frequency sound waves and measure the timing of echoes to determine the distance to an object. Sensors typically have one or two units and can measure distances between 15cm and 6m. Less expensive infrared light sensors use similar principals and can be used to detect ranges under 1m. POSSIBLE USES • Know when a object is present — such as a person standing at a door • Measure the speed and direction of an object — such as a baseball pitch • Measure the water level of a tank • Keep your robots from running into each other 5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Conductive Rubber This rubber tube is impregnated with carbon-black and conducts electricity. As it stretches (or compresses) the resistance changes so you can measure a stretching force. POSSIBLE USES • Measure the force pulling objects apart • Detect and measure pressure • Make objects that interact with capacitive touch screens5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Back to the connected banana... IT’S SPORTING AN EDIBLE SILK SENSOR THAT CAN LET YOU KNOW IF IT’S READY TO BE MADE INTO A LOAF OF BREAD.31

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The ExerciseA CONNECTED OBJECT HACK-STORM

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THE ASSIGNMENTThink of a personal object. Imagine howyou might embed sensors, log interestingdata and connect it to the internet foranalysis. Consider what insights this newinformation would bring to light and whatbehaviors, or ideas those could inspire.5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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WE’LL PROVIDE1. Starting point inspiration list2. Connected object anatomy worksheet3. Concept description formWe’d like to collect the last item from your groups at the end of the sessionso that we can share everyone’s ideas out with all of the participants.5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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A few objects for your consideration... WEDDING TOOTHBRUSH BRIEFCASE WATER TWENTY PILL BOX BAND OR PURSE BOTTLE DOLLAR BILL5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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A few activities for your consideration... COMMUTING SHOPPING DATING FILLING UP HIKING COMING HOME5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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A few conditions for your consideration... TEMPERATURE MOISTURE SOUND WEIGHT ORIENTATION TOUCH5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Start your brainstorm.OBJECTS ACTIVITIES CONDITIONSWedding band Commuting TemperatureToothbrush Shopping MoistureBrief case Dating SoundWater bottle Filling up WeightTwenty dollar bill Hiking OrientationPill box Coming home Touch5/2012 CONNECTED PERSONAL OBJECTS

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Thanks. Guthrie Dolin @gee3 David Bliss @davidbliss Odopod @odopod