This is one of a series of training and capacity building training we have received at the Federal Ministry of health in Sudan and were used with permission at the National Leaders' Development Program that was developed and delivered by the Arab Certificate Students' Association (ACSA) in collaboration with Ahfad University for Women between 2004-2006

1. Communication
Timothy Rittman

2. Outcomes
 Personal communication
 Group communication
 Communication structures
 Communication problems

3. Communication
Timothy Rittman

4. Personal communication
verbal communication
- Presentation
- Articulation (choice of words)
- Modulation (tone and pitch)
- Pronunciation (accent)
- Enunciation (swallowing words)
- Repetition (repetition, repetition)
- Speed
•P
•A
•M
•P
•E
•R
•S

5. Personal communication
I hear and I forget
I see and I remember
I do and I understand

6. Group communication
 What groups are you involved in?
 What methods of communication do you
use? (Choose 3)
 What are the good points and bad points
of each method?

7. Communication
Timothy Rittman

8. Communication structures
 Centralised groups
 simple tasks
 centre may become saturated
 Decentralised groups
 complex tasks
 less structured

9. Communication structures
 President
 provides vision
 external face
 Vice-President
 internal matters
 Secretary
 communication structure
 Committee
 Discuss communication framework

10. Communication structures

11. Communication structures
 Downwards
 orders
 feedback
 explanations
 Upwards
 complaints
 requests
 factual information

12. Good news travels
upwards quicker than
bad news!

13. Communication structures
members
A
G
E
N
D
A
POWER
Consultation
Determination
Empowerment
Delegation
membersexecutive

14. Communication structures
Canvassed Consulted Representing Decision Implementing Initiating
Level
3
Level
2
Level
1

15. Problems in communication
FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF
YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDIES
COMBINED WITH FAULTLESS FINDING
OF FACT

16. Communication
Timothy Rittman

17. Problems in communication
 Forming
 Storming
 Performing

18. Problems in communication
 individuals
 method of communication
 communication structure

19. Problems in communication
Individual Group
Task

20. Communication
Timothy Rittman