This document discusses Internet of Things (IoT) technologies including MQTT, a lightweight messaging protocol commonly used for IoT. It describes how MQTT works using a publish/subscribe model and its features such as quality of service levels, wildcard subscriptions, and retained messages. The document also outlines IBM's IoT Foundation platform, how it uses MQTT to connect devices and applications, and provides examples of connecting devices and apps using MQTT and the IoT Foundation APIs. It demonstrates how to develop IoT applications in a model-driven approach using IBM Rhapsody.

1. 1
POLITECNICO DI BARI
April 28-29, 2015
Bari
IBM Bluemix and the
Internet of Things
Giulio Santoli (@gjuljo)
ibm.biz/Bluemix2015

2. 2 © 2015 IBM Corporation
A new economic paradigm...

3. 3 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Jeremy Rifkin: the Third Industrial Revolution
Herbie
Airbus Phantom Eye

4. 4 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Hype cycle for emerging technologies 2014
Internet of Things
is here!

5. 5 © 2015 IBM Corporation
EveryTHING is connected
My tells my that the is over
My tells my to open the garage and start my
My tells my that an intruder is entred
A tells my to tell my that a arrived

6. 6 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Internet of Things: Many different technologies

7. 7 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT, a messaging protocol for IoT
Open (standard, 40+ client implementations)
Lightweight (minimal overhead, efficient format, tiny clients)
Reliable (QoS for reliability in unrealiable neworks)
Simple (43-pages specification, connect/publish/subscribe)
Late 90s Aug 2010 Nov 2011 Sep 2014
Invented by and Published by Eclipse M2m Standard
(v. 3.1.1)

8. 8 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT v.s. HTTP

9. 9 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT: publis/subscribe
Thanks to Bryan Boyd (http://www.slideshare.net/BryanBoyd/mqtt-austin-api)

10. 10 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT: payload agnostic
Thanks to Bryan Boyd (http://www.slideshare.net/BryanBoyd/mqtt-austin-api)

11. 11 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT: wildcard subscriptions
Thanks to Bryan Boyd (http://www.slideshare.net/BryanBoyd/mqtt-austin-api)

12. 12 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT: quality of service
Thanks to Bryan Boyd (http://www.slideshare.net/BryanBoyd/mqtt-austin-api)

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MQTT: retained message for last value caching
Thanks to Bryan Boyd (http://www.slideshare.net/BryanBoyd/mqtt-austin-api)

14. 14 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT: cleanSession for session state
Thanks to Bryan Boyd (http://www.slideshare.net/BryanBoyd/mqtt-austin-api)

15. 15 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT: last will and testament
Thanks to Bryan Boyd (http://www.slideshare.net/BryanBoyd/mqtt-austin-api)

16. 16 © 2015 IBM Corporation
MQTT Brokers
Appliance Cloud Open Source
• IBM Message Sight • IBM IoT Foundation
• HiveMQ
• Eurotech EDC
• Litmus Loop
• ...
• Mosquitto (C)
• Mosca (NodeJS)
• Moquette (Java)
• RSMB (C)
• ...Up & running in <30 minutes
1 rack = 273M msg/sec
21M concurrent connections
DMZ-ready, FIPS 140-2
deny-based access control
http://mosquitto.org
http://www.mosca.io
https://eclipse.org/paho

17. 17 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IBM MessageSight Virtual Appliance
https://developer.ibm.com/messaging/messagesight

18. 18 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Example: simple moquitto
> mosquitto -v
> mosquitto_sub -d -t hello/world
> mosquitto_pub -d -t hello/world -m "Hello, MQTT. This is my first message."
> mosquitto_sub -d -t hello/+
> mosquitto_pub -d -t hello/aaa -m "Hello, MQTT. This is my first message."
> mosquitto_pub -d -t hello/bbb -m "Hello, MQTT. This is my first message."

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Example: node.js & mosquitto
mosquitto-server.js
mosquitto-client.js

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Example: Eclipse Paho
MosquittoClient.java

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> mosquitto_passwd -c mypasswords.txt sender
> mosquitto_passwd mypasswords.txt receiver
Example: moquitto with configuration
> mosquitto -v -c mymosquitto.conf
> mosquitto_sub -d -t hello/world -u receiver -P receiver
> mosquitto_pub -d -t hello/world -u sender -P sender -m "Hello message"
…
password_file mypasswords.txt
…
mymosquitto.conf
sender:$6$25Z4WgbWINtzGhC7$Ro78KKiitIjMJ
YcWL88OJC/6gQhXYVc5eduomTwzvUC2Ictax/r
3X9c8S4CW3f5ZhPwmRKkaXJNOGWBz84nGB
Q==
receiver:$6$ceVsPkVtifa5+ITe$7vpPSJZTWc6W
6EnUMbHyinXelp7ziv+MHbBasu5ffaZ+ke7LU8gg
jC34okcPOAHFTOSKCmVhxZMmAC5SbOaBsA
==
mypassword.txt

22. 22 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IBM Internet of Things Cloud
IBM BluemixIBM IoT Foundation
+ =

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IoT Foundation: Apps, Devices and APIs
Devices
IBM IoT Foundation
Apps
PUBLISH
RECEIVE
events
commands
PUBLISH
commands
REGISTER
devices
GENERATE
API keys
HTTP HTTP
RECEIVE
events
(and services)
MQTT MQTT

24. 24 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IoT Foundation: MQTT and Apps
https://developer.ibm.com/iot/recipes/improvise-application-development
username  <key>
password  <token>
clientid  a:<orgid>:<app-id>
publishes  iot-2/type/<type-id>/id/<device-id>/cmd/<cmd-id>/fmt/<format-id>
subscribes  iot-2/type/<type-id>/id/<device-id>/evt/<event-id>/fmt/<format-id>
Apps & Services
key: a-myorg-hketyuionf
token: AB3ur51jL+3awe0kl
Example
tcp://<org-id>.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com:1883
ssl://<org-id>.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com:8883
MQTT Host

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IoT Foundation: Devices
Devices
https://developer.ibm.com/iot/recipes/improvise-registered-devices
https://developer.ibm.com/iot/recipes/improvise-commands
username  use-token-auth
password  <auth-token>
clientid  d:<orgid>:<type-id>:<divice-id>
publishes  iot-2/evt/<event-id>/fmt/<format>
subscribes  iot-2/cmd/<cmd-type>/fmt/<format-id>
payload  {"d": {"name1": "value1", "name2": intvalue } }
org=myorg
type=mydevicetype
id=mydeviceid
auth-method=token
auth-token=Gh3e(EA998fart4
Example

26. 26 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IoT Foundation: REST APIs
View an organization (GET):
https://internetofthings.ibmcloud.com/api/v0001/organizations/<org-id>
List all devices (GET) / Registr a device (POST):
https://internetofthings.ibmcloud.com/api/v0001/organizations/<org-id>/devices
Historical data for a device (GET):
https://internetofthings.ibmcloud.com/api/v0001/historian/<org-id>/<type-id>/<id>?filter
REST API Examples
https://developer.ibm.com/iot/recipes/api-documentation
curl --user "<key>:<token>" https://internetofthings.ibmcloud.com/api/v0001/organizations/<org-id>/devices
Example: get all devices

27. 27 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IoT Foundation: MQTT Starfighter
http://m2m.demos.ibm.com/collaboration.html#starfighter
https://hub.jazz.net/project/spirit/MQTT%20Starfighter%20Server/overview

28. 28 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IBM Connected Car
http://m2m.demos.ibm.com/connectedCar.html#connectedCar
http://tiny.cc/ws0zpx

29. 29 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IBM Connected Car: some more pictures

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IoT Foundation: Quick Start
https://quickstart.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com
https://github.com/ibm-messaging/iot-arduino

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Example: moquitto & node.js clients
> c:bluemixiot>echo {"d":{"temperature": 33 }} 2>&1 |
mosquitto_pub -d -h quickstart.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com
-i "d:quickstart:example:aa00bb11cc88" -q 0 -t "iot-2/evt/status/fmt/json" -l
quickstart.js

32. 32 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Example: java Paho client
Quickstart.java

33. 33 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IoT Foundation Organization

34. 34 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Example: app (subscriber) & device (publisher)
> mosquitto_sub -d -h org.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com -p 1883
-i "a:org:myapp" -u "key" -P "token" -t "iot-2/type/+/id/+/evt/+/fmt/json"
> mosquitto_pub -d -h org.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com -p 1883
-i "d:org:type:id" -u "use-token-auth" -P "auth-token" -q 0
-t "iot-2/evt/status/fmt/json" -m "hello"
org=myorg
type=mydevicetype
id=mydeviceid
auth-method=token
auth-token=Gj6e(EA998fart4
device
key: a-myorg-hketyuionf
token: AB3ddr51jL+3ape0kl
app
publish subscribedevice app

35. 35 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Example: device (subscriber) & app (publisher)
> mosquitto_sub -d -h org.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com -p 1883
-i "d:org:type:id" -u "use-token-auth" -P "auth-token"
-t "iot-2/cmd/reboot/fmt/json"
> mosquitto_pub -d -h org.messaging.internetofthings.ibmcloud.com -p 1883
-i "a:org:myapp" -u "key" -P "token"
-t "iot-2/type/type/id/id/cmd/reboot/fmt/json" -m "test123"
org=myorg
type=mydevicetype
id=mydeviceid
auth-method=token
auth-token=Gj6e(EA118fart4
device
key: a-myorg-hjetyuionf
token: AB3ffr51jL+3ape0kl
app
publishsubscribedevice app

36. 36 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Example: Visualization Application
https://github.com/ibm-messaging/iot-visualization

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Example: node.js registered client
registered.js

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Example: java Paho registered client
Registered.java

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Writing IoT-enabled applications is challenging
Spaghetti-code is around the corner, debugging is a hell

40. 40 © 2015 IBM Corporation
UML is dead, long live to UML
IBM Rhapsody for Model-Driven Development in C, C++, Java and Ada

41. 41 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IBM Rhapsody and Arduino Uno Demo

42. 42 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Connected Train Demo – Overview
IBM Bluemix IBM IoT Foundation
IBM Rhapsody Raspberry Pi
HTTP/HTTPS MQTT
IR

43. 43 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Raspberry-Pi Setup & Configuration
43

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IBM Rhapsody Developer
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/downloads/r/rhapsodydeveloper

45. 45 © 2015 IBM Corporation
IBM Redbooks
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com
Redpaper: MQTT and Arduino Devices
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/redp4929.html?Open

46. 46 © 2015 IBM Corporation
Jeremy Rifkin

47. 47 © 2015 IBM Corporation
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