Follow me on slideshare. http://www.slideshare.net/gohbangrui These slides are used to explain the causes of Sri Lanka conflict in the Social Studies syllabus in Singapore. There are 4 causes of conflict leading up to the rise of the Tamil Tiger or Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Find out more in these slides. Any feedback is welcome.

1. Chapter 4
Conflict in Sri Lanka

2. Where is Sri Lanka?

4. Where is Sri Lanka?

5. Capital of Sri Lanka
Colombo

6. The Flag of Sri Lanka

7. Population
Sinhalese Tamil
Sri
Lankan
Indian
Others

8. Sinhalese
73.3%
Sri
Lankan
Tamils
11.0%
Indian
Tamils
4.1% Others
11.6%
Racial Composition of Sri Lanka

9. Sinhalese
Most speak Sinhalese.
Most practise Buddhism.
Few practise Christianity.

10. Most speak Tamil.
Most practise Hinduism.
Few practise Christianity.
Tamils

11. Indian Tamils
Brought in by British rulers
to work in tea plantations.
Sri Lankan Tamils
Descended from Tamil
migrants who lived in Sri
Lanka since 300 BCE.

12. A Divided Island

13. Independence
Under the British
Colonial Rule
Tamil minority are favoured
in terms of jobs and
education
Could read or write in
English
Under Sinhalese-
majority government
Introduced policies that
favoured the Sinhalese
1948

14. How bad was the conflict?

15. 13 May 2009
More than 50 people
died when two shells
hit the zone's main
hospital compound.

16. 29 May 2009
More than 20,000
civilians were killed in
the final months of Sri
Lanka's civil war.

17. Citizenship Rights “Sinhala Only”
Policy
University
Admission Criteria
Resettlement
Lesson
Objective
Identify 4 causes
of conflict in Sri
Lanka

18. Citizenship
Rights

19. Ceylon
Citizenship
Qualification Act
1. Those who were born in Sri Lanka
2. Those whose father and grandfather were also born
there
1948

20. Many Indian Tamils brought
from India by the British to work
in Sri Lanka became stateless.
Result of the Act

21. Indian Tamils lost
their basic
rights.
Education Jobs
Housing Voting

22. How does this lead to conflict?

23. Indian Tamils
are denied of
Citizenship
Tamils will not be given
voting rights.
Tamils will not gain
political power.

24. India tried to help but was unsuccessful.
1964

25. Citizenship to any person of Indian origin who has
lived in Sri Lanka since 1964 or was descended from
someone who had stayed in Sri Lanka since that date.
2003
Grant of Citizenship to Persons of Indian Origin Bill

26. ‘Sinhala Only’
Policy

27. Under the
British Rule
Many educated Tamils could enter
government service and hold
important jobs.

29. After Independence
Sinhala was made the only official language of
administration in 1956.

30. years
is the time given to Tamils in the government service to
learn Sinhala or be dismissed from the job.

31. Tamils’ Reaction to
the 1956 Official
Language Act
They were unhappy as
they were now unable to
get jobs or promotions.

32. A peaceful demonstration
turned into a riot when it
was disrupted by
Sinhalese supporters.

33. How does this lead to conflict?

34. Sinhala
The only language of administration

35. Stir nationalistic
feelings
Win support of
Sinhalese voters
Provide Sinhalese
with more and better
job opportunities
Why?

36. This made it difficult for Tamils to get government jobs.

37. Tamil is recognised as a national language and a
language of administration in Tamil-majority areas.
1978Compromise

38. University
Admission

39. University Admission
was based on merit.
The examinations
were in English.
University Admission
reserved a fixed number
of places for Tamils and
Sinhalese
Tamil students had to
score higher marks than
the Sinhalese students to
enter the same courses in
the universities.
1970

40. How does this lead to conflict?

41. Tamil
1971
Higher entry standards for Tamils for medical faculties
Sinhalese
250 229out of 400out of 400

42. Sinhalese Tamil
More Sinhalese can
now enter University .
Less Tamil students can
now enter University

43. Resettlement
of Population

44. The aim of this policy was to
provide land for the
landless Sinhalese peasants
to live and cultivate rice.

45. The Sinhalese-majority
government transferred
Sinhalese from the densely
populated south-western and
central areas into the Tamil
areas.

46. Before After

47. How does this lead to conflict?

48. Allow landless Sinhalese
peasants to make a living
Change population
representation
Increase Sinhalese
population so that the area
becomes Sinhalese
majority
Why did the government resettle
Sinhalese into Tamil areas?

49. 1. made Tamils a minority in the area
2. made life more difficult for Tamils with the arrival of the
army and militant monks
Resettlement of Sinhalese

53. In Conclusion

54. Racial Differences
Sinhalese vs. Tamils

55. Citizenship Rights “Sinhala Only”
Policy
University
Admission Criteria
Resettlement
Lesson
Objective
Identify 4 causes
of conflict in Sri
Lanka

56. Created by
Goh Bang Rui
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