About KPCL Solar Department in KPCL Working principle Types of solar photovoltaic system Load sheet Calculation of load Stand alone system Advantages Disadvantages Applications Industrial visit Solar PV calculator

1. “DESIGN OF SOLAR PV GRID CONNECTED SYSTEM
BASED ON LOAD REQUIREMENT AND ALSO AS STAND
ALONE SYSTEM”
PRESENTATION BY
GURURAJ B RAWOOR

2. OVERVIEW OF SEMINAR
• About KPCL
• Solar Department in KPCL
• Working principle
• Types of solar photovoltaic system
• Load sheet
• Calculation of load
• Stand alone system
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Applications
• Industrial visit
• Solar PV calculator

3. About KPCL
• KPCL is started in the year 1970 before that it was under KEB.
• KPCL today has an installed capacity of 6498.91 MW of hydel,
thermal, solar and wind energy, with 9500 MW.
• Highest generation is RTPS producing 1720 MW.
• KPCL currently today has 34 dams & 25 power stations across
state.
• KPCL has implemented four Solar Photo Voltaic Power Plants in
Karnataka viz., in Kolar, Belgaum, Raichur & Mandya District.
1

4. Power Sector at a Glance "ALL INDIA"
Total Installed Capacity As on 30-4-2016
Fuel MW %age
Total Thermal 211420.40 69.81
Coal 185992.88 86.29
Gas 24508.63 11.59
Oil 918.89 0.44
Hydro (Renewable) 42783.42 14.13
Nuclear 5780.00 1.9
RES** (MNRE) 42849.38 14.15
Total 302833.20 100
2

5. Total Installed Capacity As on 31-12-2015
POWER SECTOR AT A GLANCE “ KARNATAKA - KPCL ”
SECTOR MW
KPCL - EXISTING HYDRO 3652.35
THERMAL 2720.00
DIESEL 108.00
WIND 4.55
SOLAR ENERGY 14.00
TOTAL 6498.905
KPCL – ONGOING THERMAL 2300
HYDRO (RM&U) 25
TOTAL 2325
KPCL – NEW PROJECTS TOTAL 3480
KPCL – PROPOSED
PROJECTS
TOTAL 3545
3

6. H
KPCL Karnataka Power Corporation
Limited
PCKL Power Company of Karnataka
KREDL Karnataka Renewable Energy
Development Corporation Ltd.
KPTCL Karnataka Power Transmission
Corporation Limited
BESCOM Bangalore Electricity Supply
Company
MESCOM Mangalore Electricity Supply
Company
CESC Chamundeshwari Electricity
Supply Corporation
HESCOM Hubli Electricity Supply Company
GESCOM Gulbarga Electricity Supply
Company
Govt. of Karnataka
owned Companies
Power Sector Companies in Karnataka
4

7. Solar – potential in India
Location: 8.4 and 37.6 deg. N Latitude
68.7 and 97.25 deg. E Latitude
Area: 3214 km from north to south and
2933 km from east to west
Sunny days About 300 days/year at majority of
places
Solar energy
availability
4-7 kWh/sq. m/Day
5

8. How PV Cell Produce Electricity
• When rays of sunlight hit the solar cell electrons are ejected
from the atoms.
• Electrons are knocked loose from their atoms, which allow
them to flow through the PN Junction to produce electricity.
6

9.  An individual PV cell typically produces 0.6 watts and are joined in an array to
produce the required power.
•PV cells - Electricity is generated by PV cells, the smallest unit of a PV system
•Modules - PV cells are wired together to form modules which are usually a sealed,
or encapsulated, unit of convenient size for handling.
•Arrays – Groups of panels make up an array.
HOW A PANEL IS CREATED?
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10. 8

11. 9

12. 10

13. NET METERING
Special metering for recording export and
import of energy at the same point.
TRIVECTOR METER
• Electronic type energy meter which
measures energy parameters, like active
energy(kwh), reactive energy (kvarh),
apparent energy (kvah), power factor,
frequency etc. through which we can
monitor energy flow.
• connected to incoming or outgoing
feeders in the substation.
11

14. THE DIGITALANEMOMETER THE DIGITAL LUX METER
TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY AND CLOCK DIGITAL SOLAR POWER METER
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15. 0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
SOLARPOWER
TIME
0
20
40
60
10:50
11:05
11:20
11:35
11:50
12:05
12:20
12:35
12:50
1:05
1:20
1:35
1:50
2:05
2:20
2:35
2:50
TEMPERATURE
TIME
SOLAR POWER V/S TIME
TEMPERATURE V/S TIME
16

16. 0
20
40
60HUMIDITY
TIME
0
500
1000
1500
10:50AM
11:05AM
11:20AM
11:35AM
11:50AM
12:05PM
12:20PM
12:35PM
12:50PM
1:05PM
1:20PM
1:35PM
1:50PM
2:05PM
2:20PM
2:35PM
2:50PM
LIGHTINTENSITY
TIME
HUMIDITY V/S TIME
LIGHT INTENSITY V/S TIME
17

17. 0
1
2
3
10:50
11:05
11:20
11:35
11:50
12:05
12:20
12:35
12:50
1:05
1:20
1:35
1:50
2:05
2:20
2:35
2:50
WINDSPEED
TIME
wind speed
WIND SPEED V/S TIME
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18. Components of Project
• Solar PV System
• Inverter
• Control and Automation
• Grid connect equipment’s
• Monitoring system
• Building for housing the
electronics
• Cables & connectors
• Building for housing the
electronics (Sub-station)
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19. Wiring the PV Modules
• Series • Parallel
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20. Load Analysis Spreadsheet
• A spreadsheet program like Excel will speed analysis of
the various loads, their use time, peak power, and energy
required.
• Once done, modifications for other systems are easy.
• List the loads, enter the power, time per day, and compute
the rest.
• From total energy required and total power, one can
compute the size of solar modules and batteries etc.
22

21. TABLE-1 ELECTRICAL LOAD DETAILS OF GURURAJ HOME AT BHEL MYSORE
ROAD.
ROOF TOP STAND ALONE/OFF GRID SOLAR POWER PLANT
ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER DAY
SLNO EQUIPMENTS POWER IN
WATTS
NO
OF
EQUIPMENTS
NO OF
HOURS
OF
OPERATION
WATT
HOUR
PER
DAY
1 FLUORESCENT LAMPS 40 3 7 840
2 INCANDESCENT LAMPS 5 3 12 180
3 TELEVISION 62 1 7 434
4 REFRIGERATOR 70 1 12 840
5 MIXER GRINDER 550 1 0.167 91.85
6
WATE HEATER
IMMERSION COIL 1000 1 1 1000
7 CEILING FAN 80 2 12 1920
8 LAPTOP 90 1 1 90
9 IRON BOX 600 1 0.167 100.2
10 MOBILE CHARGERS 5 2 3 30
TOTAL WATT 2677
TOTAL
WATT HOUR
PER DAY 5526.05

22. TABLE-2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION AND REQUIREMENTS
NO OF DAYS OF AUTONOMY 2
DEPT OF DISCHARGE 70%
INVERTER EFFICIENCY 93%
BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) 24
BATTERY EFFICIENCY 85%
DC SIDE LOSSES 3%
PEAK SUNLIGHT HOURS (HRS) 6
BATTERY CAPACITY (AHR) 100
TABLE-3 SPV MODULE SPECIFICATION
MODULE SIZE(Wp) 100
Voc(VOLTS) 21.5
Isc(AMPS) 6
TABLE- 4 SYSTEM EFFICIENCY
SYSTEM EFFICIENCY =(INVERTER EFFICIENCY *BATTERY EFFIECIENCY
*(1-DC SIDE LOSS))
SYSTEM EFFICIENCY = 0.766785

23. TABLE-5 BATTERY CAPACITY CALCULATION
WATT HOUR STORAGE =(DAILY WATT HR CONSUMPTION *DAYS
OF AUTONOMY)/(INVERTER EFFICIENCY*DEPT OF DISCHARGE)
WATT HOUR
STORAGE 16977.11 WATTS HOUR
BATTERY CAPACITY =(WATT HR STORAGE)/(BATTERY VOLTAGE
*BATTERY EFFICIENCY
BATTERY CAPACITY=
832.2114 AMP HOUR
NO OF BATTERIES =(TOTAL AMP HR)/(AMP HR PER BATTERY)
NO OF BATTERIES = OR 9 BATTERIES
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24. TABLE-6 SPV MODULE ARRAY SIZING
PV DIALY WATT HOUR =(WATT HOUR STORAGE)/(SYSTEM EFFICEINCY)
PV DAILY WATT HOUR= 22140.64
PV ARRAY WATT=(PV DAILY WAA HR *1.25)/(SUN PEAK HOURS)
PV ARRAY WATT= 4612.63 WATTS
TOTAL NO OF SPV MODULES =(PV ARRAY POWER)/(CAPACITY PER MODULES)
TOTAL NO OF SPV MODULES = 46.12634 OR
47
MODULES
NO OF ARRAY IN SERIES IN A
STRING 2
TOTAL VOLTAGE OF STRING 43 47.3 24 VOLTS
NO OF STRING IN PARALLEL 23.5
TOTAL CURRENT 141 155.1 120 AMPS

25. TABLE-7 INVERTER CAPACITY
INVERTER CAPACITY=TOTAL CONNECTED POWER *1.25
INVERTER CAPACITY= 3346.25 OR 4KW
TABLE-8 CHARGE CONTROLLER CAPACITY
VOLTAGE IN V CURRENT IN A
INPUT SIDE(DC) 24 120
OUTPUT SIDE(DC) 24 139.4270833
OUTPUT SIDE(AC) 230/440V
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26. Photovoltaic Grid Connected System
with Net Metering
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27. 29

28. SOLAR ENERGY PROS
• Solar panels give off no pollution.
• Solar energy produces electricity very quietly.
• It has the ability to harness electricity in remote locations
that are not linked to a national grid.
• Solar panels can be installed on top of rooftops.
• Less dependent on the worlds fossil fuel supplies.
• Provide electricity to remote places.
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29. SOLAR ENERGY CONS
• Initial cost is high.
• Solar energy is only able to generate electricity during
daylight hours.
• The weather can affect the efficiency of solar cells.
• Pollution levels can affect a solar cells efficiency.
• Less efficient and costly equipment.
• Reliability depends on location.
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30. APPLICATIONS
• Water pumping
• Weather monitoring
• Railway signaling equipment
• Battery charging
• Telecommunication
• Agriculture and horticulture
• Solar vehicles
• Solar lighting and water treatment 32

31. LIST OF INDUSTRIAL VISIT’S
• 5kW solar roof top power plant at KPCL head office Yelahanka
Bengaluru.
• 5MW solar pv grid connected power plant at Shivasamudram
Mandya.
• 10MW solar pv grid connected power plant at
Shivasamudram Mandya.
• 42MW hydro power plant at Shivasamudram Mandya.
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32. Characteristics Lead Acid Nickel Metal
Hydride
Lithium Iron Lithium
polymer
Power Rating High power Medium Low Medium
Specific energy Low Reasonable High High
Temperature
performance
Poor Poor Good Good
Safety Level Medium High High High
Efficiency Medium Low Medium High
Life Cycle Medium High Medium High
Cost Low High Reasonable High
Application High power
applications
computer and
medical
equipment
laptop and cell-
phone markets
Space vehicles
COMPARISONS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF BATTERIES

33. 3MW solar plant at
Yelasandra
3MW solar plant at
Yapaldinni
5MW solar plant at
Shivasamudram
3MW solar
plant at Itnal
Location of Solar Projects
in Karnataka

34. SOLAR ROOF TOP CALCULATOR
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45. THE FUTURE IS GREEN WITH SUN SHINE.
SAVING ENERGY IS SAVING OUR
PLANET.
TOGETHER WE CAN SAVE OUR MOTHER
LAND.