The notes on Microelectronic Circuits (10EC63) is prepared as per VTU syllabus. Author: M. C Hanumantharaju Dept. of ISE, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore. Ph: 9742290764 Email: mchanumantharaju@gmail.com For Full notes & Video Lectures contact me at the above address.

1. Ci-rcutft., .' 10 EC 63 PAR..T ..4
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2. ® RE~ERENC£ BOOKS
Pvl-. L I--cl. .2. 00 g .
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Mil (¥De eCrrunlCA su,..,doyorn
® ~ACULTY NAME
tv). C HanuntCtr'>thec'6aju" AMoc,'af-e
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6. UNIT 1 CD
M.OSF€fs
/VlETAL OXIDE.
- S cMICONDUc..TOR..
Topic.~
.rnt"OO cJ t,..( C h' O"f")
,
1.1 Device stru.e. fu oe and.
-
V-I
-
MOSf=E.T (' ,.YCU ih. a]: DC
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The.. MOSFET
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Single fV'loS Ampl ifi t-r/
---
.Int-e.yncJ H-i h F-reo.
~-----"
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Retpo~e 0-1 the
-- CMOS#
Inv€1"f-e -r
The- Depleh'on ~:Jpe MOS,FE-T
----___ (1 -- '0 ...---- 'l) ----.. '0 ~ e ~.----...
11-.// eJ.{;~pJ.cy you £Nil ( learn
Th~ "~'J'" cod. .sfruefu:re 1- MO.s 1:r~VhN' " C; hln--.3 /;-- klC1Y1c,,(
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fh-lAe cu..•..vV- - VDL~~ cAa.yo..c..h.v1AHct.
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P- channel
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(5) rr -fun c.h'c¥) etA a. me rnD!'::J dev,'c.e.
l6) :r.f- ,-;,. 1e.A,-I,
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Fi"il-e rip rc""ll~ru ;8>0 (I3TT)
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c1.,.ade. the.
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Se..rn" c.ond u -
olt.vice,
The cJev/ce..,.A. he..f.f-ey
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,.rt the fh ,...,-cl f-e.Y rn "n a1 .
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be. LVf?..cl hJ CaUA{"111
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the. c.uyrenl- in
the... fh,'yc1.. feyrn,'naJ. fu ChCt.nlJe. 4YLfYrl Ze..ro to
a lo..-rfje.. va..1ue +hu.;.. alto u:>i0fj The.. clev,'c.e to ad- Q.- a. .swlfc~.J
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ci feu-in.. ( LCs) .J
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th~ly o~y-o...Hon rup_L I y--e.Il Cornpo- YO.. h' ve..l 'I LiH-Ie. pot.u-eY:
-~ All 9f thue.. !>Y'Opt.yh'v., ho.ve rrvxcle. tj- pM~"hle. +-0 pac. 1< La rrte..•.
nurnbe,t o.f MOSFETs ('7 200 rnill/(Hl !) 0Yl a: .slNJle Ie

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irriplerr» erd»: c1 on. the. ..-fClfYle..
Ana/0.9
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f:L.{nd-icn Fundi
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12. -?- AnofhcY" nome
eta IYoclt ,.,., e.I e.c tn·LA-II ':1 1'''Vu.1~cI. ;Jrurn the. de VICe.
oX3d.t. l (L'de'C). 'ih'1 i t'"Yf.u1 aJ-r a) CaUl<I fhL Cu rn.nJ-
be... ~rno.lI L 10'5,4).
pa.GR
D
.--.------Chw§Zzz~~~2=1--=Lo...yC'(' <;;f- irvu.1aJ1 Nj (5. iI,'UIr) d; OX.I ch)
( Sio%,)
Ftg_ I· 3
Aou.cf. ,; the. two
dt.viee
will
will
the. ~ou)"(e (S)
(
wifh -the. ~ouru ~
Dra.in R~l~
Fig. r . ~
Mo.s~ET PN 'junckm

13. AOUrc.e.. clYol don!". /hi", c..U Y'1Lf')r- wi! L 4(ow
,
L e-nd
IN -::. O·2....LltY'l to IDO..urn
s
cha.""J.
"rr~I«)
~ L- -.,)1
~I.DS
L z: 0, I ..Llf'Y') to .3 ..uf'Y')
~ me. Mas F-cT I'A 0.. ~'W'nmd-rlcoJ d~vitt....c ~w.
i/-h Acurt.(. a.nd drain LDn be. if)It'("cha"3~d
.w,~th no Cha.h~c.. In dt.v ice chal""D.ch y-,'( h'C,A]
(. I. 2. 0p~..,..aJian
JV'OSFET OPE..R~TION
l-)i th No ~ oJ.t. "0l~e. CllAe.). ~ I- 1.:L to I· 2.5
------
Fou'C
~ 1_~_~_~~~_n_o~_b_;_~_~V~o_'~~~e~_Q~p~p_'_~~_d~_~--~--~9-~-~ ~o bQCk-~-bQCk
bt.hucu' dr-alII) and ADurre..
Dppll~d .
I~
10 ..f1-..
I. . 3 C.~n.kn9 a chctnne1 f
.~ The.. .£eu~ D..nd the. J.•...ai!)
..
ClPP1.i' of ~
the.. gak./t..
de. no~d. Q(,- VGts
1'hc.. pOlihVe. Vol~ on the. 9aX. La..UAct the..
o+e pOAI hvvlj e.hav-9-d) f1, be, rc..pe.. led ..fJUl'"Y1
ALl6A1-r~ unde y- H-x 9cU-e. [the.. chcmnd.
rhe ~; 01') Of- ~
'----'-"~- -~_..oJ.._;on ) . '/)"'IUc hol eA

14. -z s
~
0
:l
i -±1-.J .J __
'"
-¥- s ..f .,I;kl
o
1
I- OJ
1~o .rc
<:1 W-;;
.c
>J
v ..~ J 'IJ ,
;:s
1
111$ 0 >
(.)
.1 +
~~ ~.., 0' .T> "j C
+ 2 8:
3 "<J15 cr;: .£ I;,J
3 I I C
~ '-0
:r .•.
[
Vt :::.'Th'YVIhold Vtll bqt jMlnlmurf) VG,S '5L'1-u1 reo! h creak G..
c0-0ud" "'9 eM n r.e.l
T,al'V lAW wi}-h C{ pM j bve
1M IhoWY'l
I
'n
L
~ + + + -t -t-t- +-
,~-rl-r-tr !",-
"
•
I
B
NMOS
VD I~t- appl ~d
(1) e ho.lf)J
o Invey-t;{J(1 lCl.Jjey-
@ IhrtAholol volh,q<-
0 i(kin
~nech'ns
fig. .5
dIet; (')
~ /'JouJ if Cl. vol~~t. iA Clppli c-d be.h ..A_U.Y) d'TnIYl and Ao(...(rce C. u "'rrt n f-.)
,:?Iowf. ttwuu-9h <th'A j "c1ute..d n- rL9 "CK") •
-? 'Tht. indLlce.ol J")- ~lCK) thUl
~ C. ~"nd... ~OY' c...u Y-"rC.r)~
4tcrvJ .:jY"UfY") drain to Aol..lYU...
The.. MOSf:E.T Ahov.J'() ,'n r=,'9' 1.5 I~ c...cdl~J an n--cho..n1'"d. MOSF~
CJY c.l }-cy"oJ-) v« l)' , ClY) 'NIVl<OS tya1'W' r~1-cr.
~ ~ I nol LU..t.c1 chCt'f)Y1d iA Cl.L~o c...a.lloc...cl
Clh - , to.~e..-r:,, nVUltllJr,
S,·"c..e 1tx chClnn~ jt cn:.o....kd b'j I'nvfyh'r<J IU bA 1.cJ.t ~(...(o.=fCtce.

15. r- type. t-o n- hJpe.
nurnbey- D;f. rncbi le,
channel
Vt·
----------------
---? The. vcJu~
~ Vi: 1'/ ecnN-o 1kol duri"9 de.vtce.. 4 a b-n c.et.kCt{ or.d
hjPlLltl1 ~ L l-tl If) ~ "YClfYJc:..
~ Q·5V to I, o v
'-7 The. gcUt- unol chanr0 re..f/;ctr) 9f the. MM~ET .:tCJrm a. paTal1J.
ptoJt CApctc if-oy--" lA:)ith fh~ c:x:.!'de. la.ytY CtCt5r.q aA 7-he. c.qpad tay
dt-t..le..d--nc.
La) The.. ,pCr;HVt. ~a.k voL~~ c.QUI<;
p~jH~ eha.yS to a cc..u I"rI ulo..h.. oY
th<.. top plcJ-c.. C;tf.fu.. c.Q pet C I}-oy-
C i ..e.. ~ gctk e..1~cfy"de)
lb)
c..b) ~ n~cJ..;,,<. ~cJ.c..
CcLUAY r'te..jcJ1vc.. chao9t...
(J'() the. ,/-0 p pI cJt. cq.. tht.
veI r-o.c,e.
kJ D...CCurnwo.h,
c..a. pQC if-oy-,
Nol-t...! 'Th
e: CC¥YoA pcncl. in.9 rrc.~cJi ve.
chCl-rqe.. en the.. borl-oYn pLa...I-c.. I'A
4<rrrrkd b'j the... e...Ie.ch-onA ,'n t1rx
incluce..d. channel.,
the. c ha nnd
CUYYC.I"'II-- thcJ- W'J'II
when 0. vol ~{
-
E 0( ~
!Y cho.nnd.
•
'os

16. I.I.~ a. £rna t
We.. rioco appl'j
~OU'Jce III 1="$' (. 6
:I >V
®Vos: CctLW.(
,~ t-o :f-/ow
f-he. ,'n eLuud
v" l
G.s t
S-l Gl l-=1- s 0
Ir ~=j[) - t i~= 0 J'0 -
r~ r~/ / / /-/ / /
;k ~ io
h+-
I n+
Indu..cal --'
h-chcmneJ
P --hJpe SL.L b<.tra.h
I
-L-
(£) V&s :=. VI; J it) I';'
n~II'1Jibl'j t'rna.tt
~ M VG,s e)((f_u:1A vt/
'the c J-onne.l ccnd ucl-ctr"lt.-
,.t/>lt
I l' f' ?yopcrd-JCV) +o
OV~'Cn'dt Vol ~e
1Vov ::. v~s~v~l
f--..1ol-e- :
+
Vos (S I'l'lClIl )
Co.UAtA jt> +0 .flow
-t"hyo~ '"' ~ i~Ll.CLd.
cho •...•nd.
App)~~t'3 Yes
- c~ Ex.
Co..UM.. OY1.f-t-
c.u~n~
j os 0( Vo.s
1[)S 0( "SJ - J t
a.nd. with a..
v~s..
curren}-
~ to 4/0W 1hYDU~1ro,
'D
c: U 1rrt n)- it ca.oJ (d b~ rfre.e..
SoLl¥ce to dy-ct~().
(V6,S - Vt)
(V~s - v.t) VDS
.
and +hUA
.
't>
/he. Vo Irnc,e
channel .n
(HenQ
-7 corwenh'on J
.H, will
'A h 0 f-- 1'1 ho lAJY)
do-aiY! /

17. -7 'The mn.,qf")i1ud~
~
d~petlcb. 1h~ d~ry..jty e Ie c f-ror"A.
~ 'n (1Y)
9f-
;r) fhe. chanllv Luh,'ch ,'" fuon cIe p e r-.c1.A an <the TYl agIII hide.-
% VD.$'
elt.C~
c.hCtl)ne.J..
v~s. - Vt: / chonneJ fA JLk1- ;r-.du..ce.&,
CtA~n}- c.ancluc+rcn 11 ne.9l~9i6Ij srnctlt
40r Vr;..s > Vt /'I) <:rYt. e.le.c~ are o..-H-.a ckd I'!lt-"
/
tht ch:tnrd .
-7 /he 1&u..1r- ;A Q. ChClYl~ ?1= i1' C ~Cttf. d conclu. d'ance CJY
-
I.n;{- 0td-
J
+o__ 1-h.e. e.x_aM 9a.k. Vo~e.. C VG.,s - Vt:)) o.l;o Ic.ncn...un
V~l~ ()I 1-hL OV~y dYlve 'Volto,e...
tCr
choWnc1.. 0( V~s - Vt
VG,s =- V~ + :lV
o·~
0-2
VG,S = Vi: + O·5V
0·1
o 50 150 .2.00100
E.n honorY)(nJ- _hjp<.
IVlOSpe';'T
'ThL c.P--.cm rod ;1
~",haN~d b~ ,'nlr(CUI'''j
Vr;.,s bLljond ~
t-hrtAholol Volrc.q<. Vt-
0:U..,«>-r 0( vGiJ
f:-oY ~rnClI t V
DS
~
MOSFe,'r OpfYa.h~ Ot a.
II nt.Clyo ot41t h:rr- wl
"OM.
Vc.U.UL I'A. c.cr./rolkd b'j
Vr;.s
V
DS (1Y"ll)

18. ~hOWA .slCe.kh
. VertU/ VD.5. +Cff 'VClo10"UA VoJU~/j----7 F/:J- I·f- a.
% ID
~ V6J5
~ The. /V'IOS f::E.T Optyo...hll aA a linwy ~iAm.YVL LDhMt VcJue i;
ccnl"'ndl,- d 6"j V&.s,.
(M
v~~ e sc C~e...dA Vt·
FC1"r rhe. Mo $F-ET 1u condud-.J o, c ha r1'nJ. hC(A ~ be Incluce.c1.
7ht..t') irv:rtQ.AI''1 V61.5 CI bave.. ~e.. thYt/hol cl Vo'h:u(e Vt; en hcrnr,(,1
the. channeJ. heh{e. t}..L 10. ("{')(,A
C hart"anen~ mod~ °rroJ;flt1..J
and ~~nl- ~PL ~osr=er.
-t :,'Yo..IIIj " the. CU~P')I- rheJ- le o:v</ the. SQ1...( YCe t-ermir,oJ C is) ,/
~9--ua1 fo f--he c.ury-ttJl- thc.J- enl-crA 1-he. d'OClI () reo rninaJ (;D)
~
or'd <The. 9cJ.t c.uonnr iG, =-0.
•
oOt4"..-alli on,·,.5 r-
1/ held
-~ The. VDS a.ppe.O'iA CJ.A a. vol~< d~p 0.( yt) AA the. I<-ng f+) Qf-
fh<- chonne.l C muv-urtol -re IoJ-tve. tv ~ AOLl.'OCe)
Ar .l.,AX. {'love) oJDY9 -the cha'nAe. ( (YCfY'Y) AOu"rCe. +0 d,a II'")
- .J
~ Vo l/-u.qe.. ir-c nClMA 4YUfY1 0 to VD5 •
'The Vo ItruJe. bt..huc-e..n <the go.k fiJ ' ,1, a~ po~nh alftnj the C~r)nJ•
dec YL..CV,tA 1Y1J"l) 'V~ oJ- 11-le. sou.-ce. e.rvcl +0 VG-,s - VD s oJ-H-x

19. ch--aln en.d.
-7 The.. c hol"'lneJ.. de.pfh dtpencl,+, 01') th,'", v61~~J i~ Can be /('e" thoJ- /tv.
C~ann.J. r.A no 1~gey #- unitor-r) de.pth .
-7 c-rhL c~~ Wl'lt f-ctKf... ~ t-ape.'re..c1 +C5trYl etA I"ho-wn if")
FtS' .8
"Ic,= 0
''.s ~ If> VG,s.
+ J..~
+
4::-- -l ~ r~J 0 - "DS
---:::
I-S
-:z
n1-
Yl-channJ
n-T--
<t> ~" ~ +ro..vJ olcn.j 1hL
ch::tnne.t 4'rCJ(Y) gOU'lU. h eh-a.lrI
H?e. vol h:.cye. )"'e..tcJ..Vt: hi Aou-rr~
,nC:rtlVlq 4Y<1YT1 0 ro VD5.
® f.{mce. +he. Vo I ~L b~.e.n the.
scJt. Ctnol. p<h""h eJ.cns the.
chanod decn:QJ('; ~ VmS
oJ-- HIe. Aou ICe.. t-u v4~ - VD~
o...r- tr«. d -r-a. r1'
chCtnne1
VCl/~e..
l·g ~ channJ i,A..
.J
-? AI YDs. t ~ chcmr.cJ be. CC¥Y">e.t YYICrrt.. 1-o..ptYLd ard ~I-;i
nA,"r h::t nce... i('C rr aJc../ c~por.djr;J:J .
Thut the. ;1:l - VD~ c uYVe. datA nor contll)u(. etA CA.. S,1-rCI1' 3 h}-
l;ne. buJ- be ncLt ClI r hcsu.rn ,"n r:,' :)- r . q
Vo I h::le.

20. e VG,D == V-c './6,S - 'VDS = V~
=-
rc.ho.nnJ. l-tn,q~"', ,
C' l'Aod.u1c.n~
eu. YV<.. bt..nd.A --+----...
rx.c. o..UJ e. *"e..
c I-oI'W YU 1'1 h::m4_
incY"t.OAl./ INrH, Vos
C.UoyLn~ ~io..hA be.co.LlAe
1f/e.. c .--c.nnct i;. p,rc~d Off
cJ- ~ dyo.lr) end" Clhel VDS
a~;feel-,.. the. chCtI"ne1.
Alm~t- a. Af....o'·9~
Ifr'.(. LA-'l"lh slope
pyopooHor.oJ. h:>
CVCn~ -"1::)
v~s:::> Vi-
JL_---..l.-------------7 Vf:;S
t
® .b. rD - Vr->s cuoVe. doetlo~
h.Jn.j Q. ..t ~C 1'1) h~ )~ bt.J-.
be nclA c.v. ..t he wrv.
~ DYoin C.UYrtnt
~
N tv 0.$ TyO. rv)'·,A. 1m-- Ore-roJ-c.. d
-----------------------
wtl-h
"!
DS
C1h~ooe...kc.a.1 [~ " hO e44€- d-) . on <the... c hClnne.1. t1hap~ .
-7 /he... c..U~r)r- 1h"YO~h the. chonr'lJ T~ mo.l fY C CYI,A. h=t nr- oJ- t-he vo.lue.
VDS =. VG,S - Vi:
~ 'The. ch-a.ln cuoycn)- ~~ aJ-- f"h1'A vCtlu.e. or-d. The. MOS~ET
IA ~cl.I'd n, hClV-e... e.T~ rrd 1iJ{ ~a.N yo....h'Otl
OLstc¥)
%
Opt n:J,'0tI.
Vo Irn.c,L
VDS ~C.J-
Fo-o VWLlL

21. i.f iDS ~ "DS cJ-.s •
!he. ~
~
- 'VDS
C hCl oCt-d-t Y'I/ h'c,A ob)---O J n~d ¥r
~ YUp'on 9f 'D
V < V "/ CClII~d f"he.. Mode... ~,on
DS D5 s.aJ--
_------------------=:::::""1 - - - - ~ -
"-10k:
Vos CJbove
-7 F.-l"'dt){. -r: v'r ucJ;:5 "':j fuL eJf..f.e cJ % Vns t" hIn...lff) I'n r::"j '-..0./
r< Ie e. h:he.; If!f- the.... chD.r'lneJ. CV 'Ias I'A { 'rI C n:... a..1' c. d wh;le.....
v~s - 1<e..pJ.- Cc:n- I-an)-.
-
--T ··rh-e.OTLhca..ll j) o.n~ Inc.rtQ..tt.. In 'IDS a b::rve VD5 scJ- C= V G,s - V t )
ho.ve.. no e...t+e..cl- on 1hL.. c..hanne...l -0ha.pe and ~ ivnp1j appeQ~
cle. plwc;(") 'OE~ t()Y"") .s«-oroU."din9 the.. c he 1neJ.. a..Ylcl

22. ID - 'V DS Re.I cJ.l CJ()Ah, P
o
I~s Vo'l-n.qt. a.pp"e.A bd-uJc.en scJ.e and .£curce.
Vr;.,s > Vt Inc1u.u/ a.. chollr'le.,(
J
<t« !~~ ~CUo(e
Co...po. c; .fvy- e;f- VWU e.
~'lC. H obc
___ ~---------bT.H~----------~
SOLtYc.e.
I f
,
, ,
-< '
E = _ chtcx)
I eJ-x:...
) )
1_~v(X
____------------~~~~-----------7.-----~>Vol~e
f) I ~1 1 1~ YDS
1 I dv ()() ,
, I 1
___--------------~~~,----------~--------4) .:x:..
o L
iD~ - 'IDS
a
a.

23. -7 :q ~ capoc,ro,r p-ty u.nit- o'lSL.-Q ;h 01 e (")0 /-Ld at
COX
Q",,-c(
fhL +hie 'f-N 11 cq- th~ O')L,cI~ laye v: ,/0.
tox .I
1heF")
C.O')L .::.
f..ox-
l1rrr7-- G)
to:x:..
1""' NY"C..
Eo x.. =. pey- rn ;Hlvi ~
~
~ s:I~COr') d.'DXlde.
-I~
€ox- 6:. IS = 3. <=l >< 8.85'1 x 10
- 0
-II
~6x..
::. .3. 1-i5 x 10 F 1m
-7 %e ox.'cle th,' c. C ne.M t-o~ .'A cJ eJ-c 1 ryJ; f"' e.d 6j tht: ?yo(eM
f-e. chr1 0 IOCJY UA-e..d h ;f.ctb-nco..ft fu MDSI=-ET.
-to hJ Cttpo.c16-0nlJ.. be.ha.tn
SM q channd
-)1
3. L-t S X t 0 (F/M)
I o X. I o~9 lfY1..)
c. W dx.
Ox
so..k cC(pncl i-ont£.. .I
W~ rnulHp1j ~ c.o pCI.c.j l-nVlLc.
~
the ~eckv~
Vo(~~ be.J-wc.en tho{ Sa.k and t"h~ channd c.J- poi f") f- x:: /he..
q.f.ecHvt. VoH"'c~LJe. .,'A the. vor~ ru.ponll' b fe, ,:fer(' in clac.; rj 1h<.
•..
c hc.l1nel cJ-- PD"'nr- x. and 1'/ rhUA 9IW.V) 6'j ['.I - VLX) -VcGiS ~
.1 ex.)::. Vo I h:uje In thL cho.nnd o.J. pr-in+- :x:.
d'i-- -
t?J- ~L ChCl nneJ. cJ- peri () ~
[VGts
- <r c«: - VtJ
~..,.d-:;-'Yf- V~Ih>-9~
--CD
(cotUN' b)

24. an el ecrrsc.
ne..s oJ) ve "::C. d feLCh' OYI. f}r- pcsinJ- X 1h,'1 4-idd Can
~ the.. othey h()l"tcl t: ex) :::
cl vex.)
lA..' • K. 'I dx.
be.
~
7he. e..1~ch-1c 4-!dd E"Cx) CCtU/{A ~ e /ect-r-on chcn-cJt dq. h::,
chi.fr- roLUCJ,.Y-O( rhe.. d'Cl.J'n WIth a vdoci hj • dx.
. -dt-
Vdoci~ -
c1x.
).1n € ex.) J'
"- -- ~
~ r) =- 5.u.q-o.u )VI ob;I;~
clt
= -J.-l [- otvcx)l
n ol:>c J [N-E.jcJ)V.(
VeJo,t-ihj
~4-;ft..C f-
Al'gn in thl.
CLt cou rlbl ;feY the.
'* e lah-orv.]
otx
dl:
)...tn d Vex) G)
d'X-
wn.ert ..u. = mob? U~
~
eI~c~ .., f"I the chClnnJ CI'r .s;:UT,fct~n.
mobi 1 ~ [ penn rne.f-c y- dc.pe.ndA (!)f) the 4a. bncol>Ol".
proc..tM +eLhnc!o9Y J
doi;p-
, ..
I Co.!') be.. 0.1
i =- dq,
dt
•• d~ d~, =: x,
cI~ clt
4c;y- ~ chCl."'o/ PCy Llnil- ItnStiJ dq, 4rcrn E~n. G)
~
e.le c h-o-n
..I iA
•,

25. 1 • )
,
o 0
'D =- -I
..I D - .A...( n CO-X
"
DV(X)
01. X
iD
. Ox. =- .-Ltn. COx.. IN [Vrs,s. - Vt - vex) ] olv (X.)
above.
to x-= L <rc»: =- 0
t-n V CL) z; "{S
VDS
f -"-"CoOL w [VG,s - Vt - vex.) J 01 v CX)
o
o
~0
TRIODE Rt.C):rON
/hi'" iA ~ e « p¥t 11 ien ~
..
'n
r. 11
In the. TR. LOD E REG-. LON
~ 'lht.. vexlue.
%
the.- c.U'OICnf- Ct~ ~
eq..u;vcJ-e.nH 'j al- thL b~9illn-)n~
C.a.n bt- Ob}-Cd-n~d 6::-/ ~u bth ht.k'~
~~~ 9/- 1iJe. h-1 0 de 1fLtj 1Ctl
9/- ~ A o.J.u.- cckCK"l ")(l' 5{CVj
'VDS = v~s - Vt in ~n. ®
:2-
[
(V.,S ~Vt)]
(V~s-V-t)CV~-Vt) - L-

26. I
.• .i, e~) LV.,s - Vie)'- I :::. ( J-.-t n LOx.)D
:2
fhiA IA -the. c:x. p"'OtA Id 0') .--r- <the.. 0
th<:.If) ;f-dY
- ,'",he" it'. ~ ~ cJ-u ""~'CN1 ....-e.j Cff) .
CD @
o
'f)
~ E9,.tJI>.
® and 0 LCtn be.. woiHLn II') .ft'rnA
% pyoceM
h-a.rnccncluc I-ar.u po Y-D ('() eny CK' ) 0-1 Jo IlolM' :
Y
k' ::::.Mn Cox. ® C Ir/v~)n
.
'D -
1<
n
--@
For< T !tIODE REG-ION
,AtPe.cJ Ra.ko
_w
--1-
chGt"nJ. w.'dtiol
::
cho.nnv k"1 th
e
'b =- -' 1<.'.:2. n
SATU RATION
C L) lC-ncruK'
II
O-t pt.c I-
L anel.
7- v c hCl vo.c I-tOl't h'c A .
L """'•""rI
.In :1..003
"
MO~ +-e.chYo lDC;Y 11

27. chCinneJ f.trt~1h ThcJ- ,'/ pOtt'd blc W)'l'h Ct S hILi')
u~e. c1. tu c hCI)'-C{ C I-tn,1e. fhe.. plOcet1 Q nd
~c1.uce d
® LOY)I','de.-« 0.. pYU C-LIV +l'- c. hn 0 IO~pl .:f<rr w hi c.h
J-t",:: 1-(50 cm'/v ...s a.nd Vt- =- (J.";fV.
(0.) 1=,nd 1<'
r
(b) F~ 1"1 OS r::ET i.N'rh IN
g,unt cd c-wo..k ~ vo.JueA <l/- VG,s
0- ::
I- o·g, Mrn
an.d. v nee.ded +-0 opt......-o....k 1t-e. +-r-o.,lA)1 h:Jy-
'n <The ~ o.Ju ocJ..'CJ.r)
DSI"(l'f'l
l C) FoY +he. devIce.. in
SoluJion :
-6
L..."...,- :: 0.1; ...u.m = 0·4 x 10 YTl
,",n
DaJa.:
..J...t,,:: 1-150 C ,.,,2. /v- S
(See.
E', :::3- '1
_11-
Go ~ 8.&'54 XID
_II
Go>C.. = pt..• rniH-jvit:J '4 £'1'01.. :: 3.45 X 10 F/rrt.
-II
3. !-is" x: 10 F/rn
Cox. :::.
-3
/.-.j.3.2.12.. x (0
1<.'1l ::. )...t n CO::>L