This presentation is all about Marriage and Family..! Please read and understand..! :)

1. MARRIAGE AND FAMILY

5. defines marriage as a socially recognized union between two or more individuals that typically involves sexual and economic rights and duties.They further elucidated their view of marriage. “Marriage is a business partnership as much as a romantic fairytale; it involves compromises, division of labor, specialization, financial arrangement, and communication systems.”

11. B. FORMAL REQUISITES OF MARRIAGE Art.3. the formal requisites of marriage are: Authority of solemnizing officer; A valid marriage license except in cases provided in chapter 2 of this title; and A marriage ceremony which takes place with the appearance of the contracting parties before the solemnizing officer and their personal declaration that they take each other as husband and wife in the presence of not less than two witnesses of legal age: Art.4.The absence of any of the essential or formal requisites shall render the marriage “void ab initio” (void from the beginning) except as stated in Article 35(a).

13. D. LEGAL SEPARATION Legal Separation- refers to the legal process of filling a petition in the appropriate court seeking a judicial declaration of legal separation for married couples. Art.55. A petition for legal separation may be filed on any of the following grounds: Repeated physically violence or grossly abusive conduct directed against the petitioner; Physical violence or moral pressure to compel the petitioner, apolitical affiliation; Attempt of respondent to corrupt r induce the petitioner, a common child, or a child of the petitioner, to engage in prostitution, or connivance in such corruption or inducement;

14. 4. Final judgment sentencing the respondent to imprisonment of more than six yrs; even if pardoned; Drug addiction or habitual alcoholism of the respondent; Lesbianism or homosexuality of the respondent; Contracting by the respondent of a subsequent bigamous marriage, whether in the Philippines or abroad; Sexual infidelity or perversion; Attempt by the respondent against the life of the petitioner; or Abandonment of petitioner by respondent without justifiable cause for more that one year.

15. NORMS OF MARRIAGE ON THE SELECTION OF POTENTIAL MARRIAGE PARTNERS Endogamy-is a rule that requires a person to marry someone from within his or her own group—tribe, nationality, religion, race community, or any other social grouping. Exogamy-is a rule that requires a person to marry someone from outside his her own group. Sororate-prescribes that a widower marry the sister or nearest kin of the decease wife. Levirate-prescribes that widows marry the brother nearest kin of the deceased husband.

19. THEORIES OR PERSPECTIVE ON THE FAMILY Three Theories: 1. The functionalist Perspective Functionalist says that if a society is to survive and maintain itself across time, certain essential functions must be performed. Functions: Regulation and sexual behavior; Reproduction; Biological maintenance; Socialization; Care and protection function; Social placement or group status; Social control.

20. 2. The Conflict Perspective Jetse Sprey (1979), agree with the functionalists’ position that the family institution and other groups in society are organized systems of species survival. 3. The Symbolic Interactionist Perspective The symbolic interationist direct considerable attention to the symbolic environment in which people carry out their daily activities.

23. C. BASE ON RESIDENCE Patrilocal -the married couple live with or near the husband’s family. Matrilocal–the husband leaves his family and sets up housekeeping with or near his wife’s family. Neolocal-the married couple establish a new home; they reside independently of the parents of either groom or bride. Bilocal- it gives the couple a choice of staying with either the groom’s parents or the bride’s parents.

25. FAMILY PLANNING

26. Concepts to Master: 1. Family Planning 2. Responsible Parenthood 3. Population Education 4. Sex Education 5. Contraception 6. Contraceptive devices

27. FAMILY PLANNING Family planning experts define family planning as the process by which responsible and mature couples, if they wish, determine by themselves the timing, proper spacing and number of the children born to them. Family planning involves three main aspects: 1. Responsible parenthood 2. Proper spacing of children 3. Birth control

28. Family planning involves the rational utilization of effective contraceptive methods by married couples so they space and limit their children to a desirable size in order for them to attain quality life. Contraceptive means prevention of unwanted pregnancy, while responsible parenthoodmeans responsible pro-creation and socialization of children. As responsible parents, married couples are prepared for the responsibility of rearing a child who can be properly fed, clothed and educated.

29. NORMS ON FAMILY PLANNING 1. Sociological Norms Family planning is the process whereby, through interaction, married couples arrive at an intelligent decision in the number of children they could provide with quality life. 2. Medical Norms Family planning through the use of contraceptives provides protection against unwanted pregnancies. Contraceptives work to prevent the meeting of the egg sperm. Family planning is concerned with the regulation of human reproductive capacity. It involves the prevention of unwanted births by contraceptive techniques, or by reducing the length of exposure to pregnancy in order to protect the well-being of the mother, of the family, or of the larger population.

30. 3. Legal-Juridical Norms Government support of family planning is reflected in Article XV, Sec. 10 of the Philippines Constitution to achieve and maintain population levels most conducive to the national welfare. Measures to assure its implementation have been made in law and practice. The Labor Code of the Philippines requires the employer of more than 200 workers to provide for family planning services to their employees and their spouses ( Sec. 11, Rule VII, Book III of the Implementing Rules ).

31. 4. Ecclesiastical Norms All the major religions of the world believe in the guiding principle that a couple has a right to limit family size. The Roman Catholic Church is not against family planning but categorically condemns the use of artificial methods as they are against the natural laws. The Catholic Church only accepts the withdrawal, abstinence, and rhythm or calendar method. 5. Psychological Norms Family planning has psychological bearing on problems which confront the young today brought about by their development stage and the sexual revolution in the present times. Marlyn Benoit, Executive Director of the Devereux Children’s Center in Washington, D.C. agrees that changes in society and family structure have led to more sexual activity among teenagers.

32. POPULATION POLICY AND PORGRAMS Congress, through R.A. 6365, created, the Population Commission (POPCOM) in 1971. Main Goal: To enhance national development by meeting the social challenge of a high rate of population growth. The Department Of Education and the United Nations Fund for Population Activities create programs for population education. Population educationis the process of developing awareness and understanding of population situations as well as rational attitude and behavior toward those situations for the attainment of high quality of life for the individual, the family, the community, the nation, and the world.

35. 2. “Morning-After Pill” The so-called “morning-after pill” is a form of emergency birth control. Emergency contraception can prevent a woman from getting pregnant even after unprotected sex. This method is especially helpful for those who have been raped or whose main birth control methods have failed. Prescribed by a health care professional, these pills are similar to birth control pills but contain a higher dose of hormones. The pills will either inhibit or delay ovulation, or they may alter the uterine lining, preventing the implantation of a fertilized egg. After sexual assault or consensual sex, two of these pills are taken within 72 hours, and then two more are taken 12 hours later.

36. In the Philippines, anti-abortion and pro-life groups insist that the pill previously marketed here under the brand Postinor- is an abortifacient because, as many of them believe, a fertilized egg is already considered a life form. Thus, preventing it from being implanted into the uterus is tantamount to aborting, or killing it. After much pressure from these groups, the government relented and pulled Postinor out of the local market. The Bureau of Food and drug (BFAD) likewise delisted the product from its registry of drugs. It is injected by a health care professional every three months. its effectiveness is 99% of preventing pregnancy.

37. 3. Implants Implants are six matchstick-size rubber silicone rods, tubes or capsules containing progestin or progesterone. A physician surgically implants them under the skin, usually on the upper arm . The rods released low doses of hormones to suppress ovulation and cause a thickening of the cervical mucus so that sperm cannot penetrate. They are locally available as Norplant and close to 100% effectiveness for up to five years, and they can be removed by a doctor at any time.

38. B. Sterilization or Surgical Method In sterilization, the eggs or sperm are prevented from going anywhere by cutting, knotting or blocking the tubes along which they normally travel. This is done by a small surgical operation in the hospital or clinic. Its effectiveness is 99% to 100%. 1. Tubal Ligation Female sterilization involves tying, cutting or searing the two fallopian tubes or oviducts via survey so that the passageway to the uterus is blocked. It is a more or less permanent surgical method for women. The operation is minor, leaving a small scar on the lower abdomen. Most women can leave the hospital on the same day, or a day or two later.

39. 2. Vasectomy Male sterilization involves tying, cutting or searing the two vasdeferens, the tubes which carry sperm from the testes to the penis, to prevent the sperm from mixing with the seminal fluid. It is a more or less permanent or irreversible surgical method for men. 3. Mechanical or Barrier Methods The barrier methods of contraception put a physical barrier between sperm and egg, so that two cannot meet.

42. CURRENT RESEARCH ON BIRTH CONTROL A new male condom made of polyurethane is one type of birth control currently under development. Diaphragms may one day include a one-size-fits-all device and disposable, spermicide –releasing diaphragms may also be developed. A contraceptive vaccine for men currently in development contains a hormone that appears to interfere with the production of both sperm and the male sex hormone testosterone. Vaginal rings that deliver female sex hormones are another potential method for preventing pregnancy. These silicone rubber rings fit in the vagina and release a steady supply of hormones progestin-only vaginal rings would be worn continuously while those containing both estrogen and progestin would be worn for three weeks and then removed for one week to allow menstrual bleeding in the same pattern as combined oral contraceptives.

43. SUMMARY Family planning is the process by which responsible couples determine by themselves the timing, proper spacing and number of children born to them with the aim of giving them quality life. It involves three aspects: responsible parenthood, proper spacing of children, and birth control. There are several norms on family planning: the sociological norms, the medical norms, legal-juridical norms, the ecclesiastical norms and the psychological norms. These norms provide various views and perspectives on family planning.

44. Another aspect of family planning is birth control. Various methods and techniques of contraception are available today. These include: Chemical Method, Sterilization or Surgical Method, Mechanical or Barrier Methods, Natural Family Planning Methods, and the Intra-Uterine Devices. Current research on birth control focuses on contraceptives for men, such as contraceptive vaccines, hormonal contraceptive injections, biodegradable implants, and male polyurethane condom. Advance in birth control are limited by legal, religious, and financial concerns.