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Frontend caching - PHP Day, Italy, 2011

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Helgi Þormar Þorbjörnsson
Helgi Þormar Þorbjörnsson

This document summarizes a presentation about frontend caching. It discusses techniques for improving website performance such as reducing HTTP requests, optimizing images, minifying files, enabling compression, using a content delivery network, and tools for testing performance. The presentation emphasizes optimizing elements that impact user perception of speed like above-the-fold content and decreasing page weight.

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Frontend Caching Helgi Þormar Þorbjörnsson PhpDay, Italy, Verona, 14th May 2011 Saturday, 14 May 2011
Who am I? Saturday, 14 May 2011
Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Saturday, 14 May 2011
Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Developer at PEAR Saturday, 14 May 2011
Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Developer at PEAR From Iceland Saturday, 14 May 2011
Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Developer at PEAR From Iceland @h on Twitter Saturday, 14 May 2011
Pareto Principle 20% 80% Saturday, 14 May 2011
80 / 20 Rule 20% 80% 20% of the population receives 80% of the income Saturday, 14 May 2011
80 / 20 Rule 20% 80% 20% of causes produce 80% of the effects Saturday, 14 May 2011
80% of response time is spent downloading resources Saturday, 14 May 2011
4 Rules of Web Performance Saturday, 14 May 2011
Weight Time Processing Perception Saturday, 14 May 2011
Perception Saturday, 14 May 2011
Make people think your site is fast Saturday, 14 May 2011
When people can interact with the site Saturday, 14 May 2011
Saturday, 14 May 2011
“It all depends on how we look at things, and not how they are in themselves.” - Carl G. Jung Saturday, 14 May 2011
Perception 50% of users arrive on an empty cache Saturday, 14 May 2011
Perception Empty Cache Full Cache 28.0K 1 HTML Document 1.9K 1 Style Sheet File 59.5K 4 Javascript Files 28.0K 1 HTML Document 78.7K 24 Images 0.1K 2 Images 168.1K Total Size 28.1K Total Size 30 HTTP Requests 3 HTTP Requests 2.4s Response Time 0.9s Response Time Saturday, 14 May 2011
Weight Saturday, 14 May 2011
HTTP Requests Saturday, 14 May 2011
HTTP Requests Less is more Saturday, 14 May 2011
HTTP Requests Less is more Fewer HTTP Requests Saturday, 14 May 2011
HTTP Requests Less is more Fewer HTTP Requests Easy to improve on Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Sent with static content Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Sent with static content Slow upstream speed Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Sent with static content Slow upstream speed Big cookies Saturday, 14 May 2011
Experiment Time! Cookie Size Response Time (Delta) 0 bytes 78 ms ( 0 ms) 500 bytes 79 ms ( +1 ms) 1000 bytes 94 ms (+16 ms) 1500 bytes 109 ms (+31 ms) 2000 bytes 125 ms (+47 ms) 2500 bytes 141 ms (+63 ms) 3000 bytes 156 ms (+78 ms) Saturday, 14 May 2011
Experiment Time! Cookie Size Response Time (Delta) 0 bytes 78 ms ( 0 ms) 500 bytes 79 ms ( +1 ms) 1000 bytes 94 ms (+16 ms) 1500 bytes 109 ms (+31 ms) 2000 bytes 125 ms (+47 ms) 2500 bytes 141 ms (+63 ms) 3000 bytes 156 ms (+78 ms) Saturday, 14 May 2011
Experiment Time! Cookie Size Response Time (Delta) 0 bytes 78 ms ( 0 ms) 500 bytes 79 ms ( +1 ms) 1000 bytes 94 ms (+16 ms) 1500 bytes 109 ms (+31 ms) 2000 bytes 125 ms (+47 ms) 2500 bytes 141 ms (+63 ms) 3000 bytes 156 ms (+78 ms) Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Appropriate domain level Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Appropriate domain level Keep size low Saturday, 14 May 2011
Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Appropriate domain level Keep size low Set Expires Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Be aware of max connection limits Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Be aware of max connection limits CNAME to point multiple sub domains to the same IP Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Be aware of max connection limits CNAME to point multiple sub domains to the same IP Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Borrowed from BrowserScope.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Borrowed from BrowserScope.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads One domain = 2 Parallel connections Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads One domain = 2 Parallel connections HTML Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 Secs Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Two domains = 4 Parallel connections HTML Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 Secs Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Too many hostnames can cause complications Saturday, 14 May 2011
Parallel Downloads Too many hostnames can cause complications 2 – 4 sub domains is a good average Saturday, 14 May 2011
Combine Files Combining 6 scripts into 1 eliminates 5 requests Saturday, 14 May 2011
Combine Files Combining 6 scripts into 1 eliminates 5 requests Challenges: develop as separate modules combinations vs. loading more than needed Saturday, 14 May 2011
Javascript Doesn’t comply with parallel download rules Saturday, 14 May 2011
Javascript Doesn’t comply with parallel download rules HTML JS Image Image Image Image Image Image Image 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 Secs Saturday, 14 May 2011
Javascript script defer attribute is not a solution Saturday, 14 May 2011
Javascript script defer attribute is not a solution Solution - move them as low in the page as possible Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Fake the delivery Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Fake the delivery Lazy Loading Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Fake the delivery Lazy Loading Above the fold Loading Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Fake the delivery Lazy Loading Above the fold Loading Delay Javascript Loading Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Bonus - async attribute Saturday, 14 May 2011
Processing Bonus - async attribute http://www.appelsiini.net/projects/lazyload Saturday, 14 May 2011
JS Minification Saturday, 14 May 2011
JS Minification Crushes the file Strips out all cruft Voodoo Magic! Saturday, 14 May 2011
JS Minfication UglifyJS Google Closure YUI Compressor Saturday, 14 May 2011
JS Minfication UglifyJS Google Closure YUI Compressor http://bit.ly/compression-rates Saturday, 14 May 2011
CSS Minification YUI Compressor minifycss.com OOCSS Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip can be used on Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip can be used on JS Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip can be used on JS CSS Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip can be used on JS CSS XML Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip can be used on JS CSS XML JSON Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip should not be used on Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip should not be used on Images Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip should not be used on Images Document formats Saturday, 14 May 2011
GZip GZip should not be used on Images Document formats Already compressed Saturday, 14 May 2011
404 robots.txt favicon Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images favicon Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images favicon CSS Sprites Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images favicon CSS Sprites Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images Badly optimised Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images Badly optimised Thumbnails Saturday, 14 May 2011
Images Badly optimised Thumbnails PNGs compressed up to 50% Saturday, 14 May 2011
PNG Optimise OptiPNG pngwolf pngcrush jpegtran Saturday, 14 May 2011
Time Saturday, 14 May 2011
SSL Saturday, 14 May 2011
SSL Extra roundtrips Saturday, 14 May 2011
SSL Extra roundtrips More resources for servers Saturday, 14 May 2011
SSL Extra roundtrips More resources for servers Worth it, tho! Saturday, 14 May 2011
Tread the users’ path Saturday, 14 May 2011
Tread the users’ path Test on slower connections Saturday, 14 May 2011
Tread the users’ path Test on slower connections Slow proxies Saturday, 14 May 2011
Tread the users’ path Saturday, 14 May 2011
Tread the users’ path Tables / Phones Saturday, 14 May 2011
Tread the users’ path Tables / Phones Airline connections Saturday, 14 May 2011
Tread the users’ path Tables / Phones Airline connections Public places Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN Single domain Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN Single domain Smart routing Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN Single domain Smart routing Data is closer to end user Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN on a Budget Saturday, 14 May 2011
CDN on a Budget S3 Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query vs. Filename revisions Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query vs. Filename revisions Cache far in future Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query vs. Filename revisions Cache far in future Revisioning forces downloads Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query vs. Filename revisions Cache far in future Revisioning forces downloads Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query revisions Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query revisions Easy and convenient Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query revisions Easy and convenient Usually not recommended Saturday, 14 May 2011
Query revisions Easy and convenient Usually not recommended Bad proxies are a problem Saturday, 14 May 2011
Filename revisions Saturday, 14 May 2011
Filename revisions Requires more work Saturday, 14 May 2011
Filename revisions Requires more work Recommended Saturday, 14 May 2011
Filename revisions Requires more work Recommended During build, using md5 hash Saturday, 14 May 2011
Compromise Saturday, 14 May 2011
Compromise Create a version function Saturday, 14 May 2011
Compromise Create a version function Put on all resources Saturday, 14 May 2011
Compromise Create a version function Put on all resources mod_rewrite magic Saturday, 14 May 2011
Compromise Create a version function Put on all resources mod_rewrite magic http://bit.ly/query_rev_comp Saturday, 14 May 2011
Browser Tools Saturday, 14 May 2011
Browser Tools Firebug Saturday, 14 May 2011
Browser Tools Firebug YSlow Saturday, 14 May 2011
Browser Tools Firebug YSlow PageSpeed Saturday, 14 May 2011
Browser Tools Firebug YSlow PageSpeed Chrome Inspector Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools HTTPWatch.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools HTTPWatch.com WebPageTest.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools HTTPWatch.com WebPageTest.org HTTPArchive.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools HTTPWatch.com WebPageTest.org HTTPArchive.org Yottaa.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools WonderProxy.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools WonderProxy.com pagespeed.googlelabs.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools WonderProxy.com pagespeed.googlelabs.com BrowserScope.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
Other Tools WonderProxy.com pagespeed.googlelabs.com BrowserScope.com html5boilerplate.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
“Knowledge rests not upon truth alone, but upon error also” - Carl G. Jung Saturday, 14 May 2011
Questions? helgi@orchestra.io Twitter: @h Joind.in: http://joind.in/2987 Saturday, 14 May 2011

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Frontend caching - PHP Day, Italy, 2011

  • 1. Frontend Caching Helgi Þormar Þorbjörnsson PhpDay, Italy, Verona, 14th May 2011 Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 2. Who am I? Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 3. Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 4. Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Developer at PEAR Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 5. Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Developer at PEAR From Iceland Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 6. Who am I? VP of Engineering at Orchestra.io Developer at PEAR From Iceland @h on Twitter Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 7. Pareto Principle 20% 80% Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 8. 80 / 20 Rule 20% 80% 20% of the population receives 80% of the income Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 9. 80 / 20 Rule 20% 80% 20% of causes produce 80% of the effects Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 10. 80% of response time is spent downloading resources Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 11. 4 Rules of Web Performance Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 12. Weight Time Processing Perception Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 14. Make people think your site is fast Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 15. When people can interact with the site Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 17. “It all depends on how we look at things, and not how they are in themselves.” - Carl G. Jung Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 18. Perception 50% of users arrive on an empty cache Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 19. Perception Empty Cache Full Cache 28.0K 1 HTML Document 1.9K 1 Style Sheet File 59.5K 4 Javascript Files 28.0K 1 HTML Document 78.7K 24 Images 0.1K 2 Images 168.1K Total Size 28.1K Total Size 30 HTTP Requests 3 HTTP Requests 2.4s Response Time 0.9s Response Time Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 22. HTTP Requests Less is more Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 23. HTTP Requests Less is more Fewer HTTP Requests Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 24. HTTP Requests Less is more Fewer HTTP Requests Easy to improve on Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 26. Cookies Sent with static content Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 27. Cookies Sent with static content Slow upstream speed Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 28. Cookies Sent with static content Slow upstream speed Big cookies Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 29. Experiment Time! Cookie Size Response Time (Delta) 0 bytes 78 ms ( 0 ms) 500 bytes 79 ms ( +1 ms) 1000 bytes 94 ms (+16 ms) 1500 bytes 109 ms (+31 ms) 2000 bytes 125 ms (+47 ms) 2500 bytes 141 ms (+63 ms) 3000 bytes 156 ms (+78 ms) Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 30. Experiment Time! Cookie Size Response Time (Delta) 0 bytes 78 ms ( 0 ms) 500 bytes 79 ms ( +1 ms) 1000 bytes 94 ms (+16 ms) 1500 bytes 109 ms (+31 ms) 2000 bytes 125 ms (+47 ms) 2500 bytes 141 ms (+63 ms) 3000 bytes 156 ms (+78 ms) Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 31. Experiment Time! Cookie Size Response Time (Delta) 0 bytes 78 ms ( 0 ms) 500 bytes 79 ms ( +1 ms) 1000 bytes 94 ms (+16 ms) 1500 bytes 109 ms (+31 ms) 2000 bytes 125 ms (+47 ms) 2500 bytes 141 ms (+63 ms) 3000 bytes 156 ms (+78 ms) Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 34. Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 35. Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Appropriate domain level Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 36. Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Appropriate domain level Keep size low Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 37. Cookies Remove unnecessary cookies Appropriate domain level Keep size low Set Expires Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 39. Parallel Downloads Be aware of max connection limits Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 40. Parallel Downloads Be aware of max connection limits CNAME to point multiple sub domains to the same IP Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 41. Parallel Downloads Be aware of max connection limits CNAME to point multiple sub domains to the same IP Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 42. Parallel Downloads Borrowed from BrowserScope.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 43. Parallel Downloads Borrowed from BrowserScope.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 44. Parallel Downloads One domain = 2 Parallel connections Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 45. Parallel Downloads One domain = 2 Parallel connections HTML Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 Secs Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 46. Parallel Downloads Two domains = 4 Parallel connections HTML Image Image Image Image Image Image Image Image 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 Secs Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 47. Parallel Downloads Too many hostnames can cause complications Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 48. Parallel Downloads Too many hostnames can cause complications 2 – 4 sub domains is a good average Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 49. Combine Files Combining 6 scripts into 1 eliminates 5 requests Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 50. Combine Files Combining 6 scripts into 1 eliminates 5 requests Challenges: develop as separate modules combinations vs. loading more than needed Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 51. Javascript Doesn’t comply with parallel download rules Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 52. Javascript Doesn’t comply with parallel download rules HTML JS Image Image Image Image Image Image Image 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 Secs Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 53. Javascript script defer attribute is not a solution Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 54. Javascript script defer attribute is not a solution Solution - move them as low in the page as possible Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 57. Processing Fake the delivery Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 58. Processing Fake the delivery Lazy Loading Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 59. Processing Fake the delivery Lazy Loading Above the fold Loading Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 60. Processing Fake the delivery Lazy Loading Above the fold Loading Delay Javascript Loading Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 62. Processing Bonus - async attribute Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 63. Processing Bonus - async attribute http://www.appelsiini.net/projects/lazyload Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 65. JS Minification Crushes the file Strips out all cruft Voodoo Magic! Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 66. JS Minfication UglifyJS Google Closure YUI Compressor Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 67. JS Minfication UglifyJS Google Closure YUI Compressor http://bit.ly/compression-rates Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 68. CSS Minification YUI Compressor minifycss.com OOCSS Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 69. GZip GZip can be used on Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 70. GZip GZip can be used on JS Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 71. GZip GZip can be used on JS CSS Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 72. GZip GZip can be used on JS CSS XML Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 73. GZip GZip can be used on JS CSS XML JSON Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 74. GZip GZip should not be used on Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 75. GZip GZip should not be used on Images Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 76. GZip GZip should not be used on Images Document formats Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 77. GZip GZip should not be used on Images Document formats Already compressed Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 78. 404 robots.txt favicon Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 80. Images favicon Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 81. Images favicon CSS Sprites Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 82. Images favicon CSS Sprites Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 84. Images Badly optimised Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 85. Images Badly optimised Thumbnails Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 86. Images Badly optimised Thumbnails PNGs compressed up to 50% Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 87. PNG Optimise OptiPNG pngwolf pngcrush jpegtran Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 90. SSL Extra roundtrips Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 91. SSL Extra roundtrips More resources for servers Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 92. SSL Extra roundtrips More resources for servers Worth it, tho! Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 93. Tread the users’ path Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 94. Tread the users’ path Test on slower connections Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 95. Tread the users’ path Test on slower connections Slow proxies Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 96. Tread the users’ path Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 97. Tread the users’ path Tables / Phones Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 98. Tread the users’ path Tables / Phones Airline connections Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 99. Tread the users’ path Tables / Phones Airline connections Public places Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 101. CDN Single domain Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 102. CDN Single domain Smart routing Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 103. CDN Single domain Smart routing Data is closer to end user Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 106. CDN on a Budget Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 107. CDN on a Budget S3 Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 108. Query vs. Filename revisions Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 109. Query vs. Filename revisions Cache far in future Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 110. Query vs. Filename revisions Cache far in future Revisioning forces downloads Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 111. Query vs. Filename revisions Cache far in future Revisioning forces downloads Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 113. Query revisions Easy and convenient Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 114. Query revisions Easy and convenient Usually not recommended Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 115. Query revisions Easy and convenient Usually not recommended Bad proxies are a problem Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 117. Filename revisions Requires more work Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 118. Filename revisions Requires more work Recommended Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 119. Filename revisions Requires more work Recommended During build, using md5 hash Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 121. Compromise Create a version function Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 122. Compromise Create a version function Put on all resources Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 123. Compromise Create a version function Put on all resources mod_rewrite magic Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 124. Compromise Create a version function Put on all resources mod_rewrite magic http://bit.ly/query_rev_comp Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 126. Browser Tools Firebug Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 127. Browser Tools Firebug YSlow Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 128. Browser Tools Firebug YSlow PageSpeed Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 129. Browser Tools Firebug YSlow PageSpeed Chrome Inspector Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 131. Other Tools HTTPWatch.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 132. Other Tools HTTPWatch.com WebPageTest.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 133. Other Tools HTTPWatch.com WebPageTest.org HTTPArchive.org Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 134. Other Tools HTTPWatch.com WebPageTest.org HTTPArchive.org Yottaa.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 136. Other Tools WonderProxy.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 137. Other Tools WonderProxy.com pagespeed.googlelabs.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 138. Other Tools WonderProxy.com pagespeed.googlelabs.com BrowserScope.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 139. Other Tools WonderProxy.com pagespeed.googlelabs.com BrowserScope.com html5boilerplate.com Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 140. “Knowledge rests not upon truth alone, but upon error also” - Carl G. Jung Saturday, 14 May 2011
  • 141. Questions? helgi@orchestra.io Twitter: @h Joind.in: http://joind.in/2987 Saturday, 14 May 2011