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Identifying
Similarities & Differences




      by Jennifer Jones, Lake Myra Elementary

       based on the work of Robert Marzano’s
    Classroom Instruction That Works
Similar or Different?




         Identifying Similarities & Differences
Real World Thinking




         Identifying Similarities & Differences
4 Thinking Process Tasks
 … of how items, events, processes,
 words, things or concepts are similar
             and different.




               Identifying Similarities & Differences
Higher Level Thinking…




          Identifying Similarities & Differences
for Understanding Content…




             Identifying Similarities & Differences
at a Deeper Level….




         Identifying Similarities & Differences
For High Yield Results!




 That when used, this strategy can yield a 45
         percentile point increase in student
    achievement! Research proves it works!
              Identifying Similarities & Differences
Bridging
               Known to New



 Comparing          Classifying         Creating             Creating
                                       Metaphors             Analogies
…is identifying    …is identifying   ...is identifying a   …is identifying
and articulating   characteristics     pattern in one       and analyzing
S & D between       and grouping          topic, then       relationships
or among items       like items.           finding a       between ideas.
    or ideas.                          different topic
                                         that has the
                                       same pattern.



                              Identifying Similarities & Differences
Essential to the Tasks

Students must understand:
           • Characteristic
               • Property
               • Feature
               • Attribute
                 • Trait

                 Identifying Similarities & Differences
Marzano’s
        Recommendations
•   give students a model for the process
•   use familiar content to teach the steps
•   give students graphic organizers
•   both teacher directed guidance &
•   student centered opportunities



                    Identifying Similarities & Differences
Layers of Scaffolding
   Teacher            Student
   Directed-         Directed-
   Explicit       Independently
   Guidance         Identifying


    Sorting         Sorting
     Rule          Rule Self-
   Provided        Generated



               Identifying Similarities & Differences
Comparing & Classifying

  •   Listening for rhyming sounds, vowel sounds
  •   Looking at letters, fonts, words carefully
  •   Book Characters
  •   Producers, Consumers, Decomposers
  •   Freshwater & Saltwater
  •   Tsunamis & Earthquakes
  •   Solids & Liquids (Gas & Plasma)
  •   Fiction & Non-fiction Features
  •   Cultures/Holidays/Traditions
  •   Numbers/Sets
  •   Types of Music/Sounds/Art/Movement

                       Identifying Similarities & Differences
Thanks, John!




    Identifying Similarities & Differences
Seeing Logical Relationships




             Identifying Similarities & Differences
…they will never have a
    relationship!




          Identifying Similarities & Differences
Teacher Directed




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Science




 Identifying Similarities & Differences
Genres & Characters




       Identifying Similarities & Differences
Assessment




   Identifying Similarities & Differences
Student Directed




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Social Studies




     Identifying Similarities & Differences
Math Venns




   Identifying Similarities & Differences
Math & Technology




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Science Notebooks




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Cooperative Learning




        Identifying Similarities & Differences
Venn Pocket Charts




       Identifying Similarities & Differences
Artifact Venn




    Identifying Similarities & Differences
Comparison Matrix




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Comparing Story Elements




            Identifying Similarities & Differences
Comparing Liquids
& their Flow Rates




       Identifying Similarities & Differences
T-Charts




  Identifying Similarities & Differences
Author Study:
Comparing Texts




     Identifying Similarities & Differences
Comparing
when Reading & Writing
                   Compare       Contrast
                    Words         Words
                    Same         Different

                     Both           But

                     Alike     On the other
                                  hand
                    Similar     Instead of

                  Compare to   In contrast to




         Identifying Similarities & Differences
Your Turn!




   Identifying Similarities & Differences
Classifying Rocks




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Classifying Numbers




       Identifying Similarities & Differences
Classifying Words




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Word Sorts




   Identifying Similarities & Differences
Classifying Spelling Patterns




              Identifying Similarities & Differences
Affinity Diagrams




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Sorting by Attribute




       Identifying Similarities & Differences
Sorting by Hardness




        Identifying Similarities & Differences
Sorting by Size




     Identifying Similarities & Differences
Your Turn!
• Sorting Game: Guess My Rule!

            ?             ?




                Identifying Similarities & Differences
Creating Metaphors

• Recognizing metaphors requires
  identifying a pattern in one topic,
  then finding a different topic that
  has the same pattern.
• “Graphic organizers are not as
  common with metaphors and
  analogies.”
                Identifying Similarities & Differences
Weather Metaphors
The school showered the families with
 kindness.




                  Identifying Similarities & Differences
Creating Analogies




       Identifying Similarities & Differences
Analogies to
             Teach Vocabulary

                  +                are
                                   to

    Mr. Argent        Ms. Lavery             Lake Myra
Relationship: Both are important leaders of their people.

                                 are
                                 to


                 A king & queeen       Their Kingdom
                            Identifying Similarities & Differences
Analogy Caution




     Identifying Similarities & Differences
What’s Essential?




      Identifying Similarities & Differences
Task Differentiation
Thinking Task Graphic Organizer              Task Delivery          Differentiation of
                                             Differentiation          Task Medium
  Comparing          Venn Diagram             Teacher Directed          Chart Paper
(& Contrasting)    Comparison Matrix           Teacher Guided         Content Journal
                        T-Chart               Student Directed     Classroom Whiteboard
                     Frayer Model            Student Generated       Small Whiteboard
  Classifying     Sorts-Word, Picture,     Sorting Rule Provided    Smartboard Lesson
                     Sound, Objects         Mystery Sorting Rule        Kidspiration
                  Classifying Organizer         Whole Group            CD’s/Sounds
                     Affinity Diagram           Small Group            Paint/Baggies
                                             Cooperative Group        Magnetic Letters
   Creating                                      Partnership        Word/Picture Cards
  Metaphors                                    Peer Coaching               Objects
                                                Independent            Manipulatives
  Creating                                  Before/During/After         Sticky Notes
  Analogies                                Formative Assessment         Sorting Mats
                                                 Team Time             Pocket Charts
                                             Alternate Teacher          Venn Rings
                                                 Homework              Books/Music

                                          Identifying Similarities & Differences
Where Are Your Students?




           Identifying Similarities & Differences
References
• http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/download.aspx
• http://www.presentationhelper.co.uk/venn-diagram-
  template-653.htm
• http://www.tltguide.ccsd.k12.co.us/instructional_tools/Strate
  gies/Strategies.html#similar
• http://www.netc.org/focus/strategies/iden.php
• www.graphic.org
• www.bradfitzpatrick.com
• www.fotolia.com
• www.microsoft.clipartgallery.com


                            Identifying Similarities & Differences

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Identifying Similarities & Differences

  • 1. Identifying Similarities & Differences by Jennifer Jones, Lake Myra Elementary based on the work of Robert Marzano’s Classroom Instruction That Works
  • 2. Similar or Different? Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 3. Real World Thinking Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 4. 4 Thinking Process Tasks … of how items, events, processes, words, things or concepts are similar and different. Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 5. Higher Level Thinking… Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 6. for Understanding Content… Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 7. at a Deeper Level…. Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 8. For High Yield Results! That when used, this strategy can yield a 45 percentile point increase in student achievement! Research proves it works! Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 9. Bridging Known to New Comparing Classifying Creating Creating Metaphors Analogies …is identifying …is identifying ...is identifying a …is identifying and articulating characteristics pattern in one and analyzing S & D between and grouping topic, then relationships or among items like items. finding a between ideas. or ideas. different topic that has the same pattern. Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 10. Essential to the Tasks Students must understand: • Characteristic • Property • Feature • Attribute • Trait Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 11. Marzano’s Recommendations • give students a model for the process • use familiar content to teach the steps • give students graphic organizers • both teacher directed guidance & • student centered opportunities Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 12. Layers of Scaffolding Teacher Student Directed- Directed- Explicit Independently Guidance Identifying Sorting Sorting Rule Rule Self- Provided Generated Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 13. Comparing & Classifying • Listening for rhyming sounds, vowel sounds • Looking at letters, fonts, words carefully • Book Characters • Producers, Consumers, Decomposers • Freshwater & Saltwater • Tsunamis & Earthquakes • Solids & Liquids (Gas & Plasma) • Fiction & Non-fiction Features • Cultures/Holidays/Traditions • Numbers/Sets • Types of Music/Sounds/Art/Movement Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 14. Thanks, John! Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 15. Seeing Logical Relationships Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 16. …they will never have a relationship! Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 17. Teacher Directed Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 19. Genres & Characters Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 20. Assessment Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 21. Student Directed Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 22. Social Studies Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 23. Math Venns Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 24. Math & Technology Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 25. Science Notebooks Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 26. Cooperative Learning Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 27. Venn Pocket Charts Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 28. Artifact Venn Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 29. Comparison Matrix Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 30. Comparing Story Elements Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 31. Comparing Liquids & their Flow Rates Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 32. T-Charts Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 33. Author Study: Comparing Texts Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 34. Comparing when Reading & Writing Compare Contrast Words Words Same Different Both But Alike On the other hand Similar Instead of Compare to In contrast to Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 35. Your Turn! Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 36. Classifying Rocks Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 37. Classifying Numbers Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 38. Classifying Words Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 39. Word Sorts Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 40. Classifying Spelling Patterns Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 41. Affinity Diagrams Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 42. Sorting by Attribute Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 43. Sorting by Hardness Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 44. Sorting by Size Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 45. Your Turn! • Sorting Game: Guess My Rule! ? ? Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 46. Creating Metaphors • Recognizing metaphors requires identifying a pattern in one topic, then finding a different topic that has the same pattern. • “Graphic organizers are not as common with metaphors and analogies.” Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 47. Weather Metaphors The school showered the families with kindness. Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 48. Creating Analogies Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 49. Analogies to Teach Vocabulary + are to Mr. Argent Ms. Lavery Lake Myra Relationship: Both are important leaders of their people. are to A king & queeen Their Kingdom Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 50. Analogy Caution Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 51. What’s Essential? Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 52. Task Differentiation Thinking Task Graphic Organizer Task Delivery Differentiation of Differentiation Task Medium Comparing Venn Diagram Teacher Directed Chart Paper (& Contrasting) Comparison Matrix Teacher Guided Content Journal T-Chart Student Directed Classroom Whiteboard Frayer Model Student Generated Small Whiteboard Classifying Sorts-Word, Picture, Sorting Rule Provided Smartboard Lesson Sound, Objects Mystery Sorting Rule Kidspiration Classifying Organizer Whole Group CD’s/Sounds Affinity Diagram Small Group Paint/Baggies Cooperative Group Magnetic Letters Creating Partnership Word/Picture Cards Metaphors Peer Coaching Objects Independent Manipulatives Creating Before/During/After Sticky Notes Analogies Formative Assessment Sorting Mats Team Time Pocket Charts Alternate Teacher Venn Rings Homework Books/Music Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 53. Where Are Your Students? Identifying Similarities & Differences
  • 54. References • http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/download.aspx • http://www.presentationhelper.co.uk/venn-diagram- template-653.htm • http://www.tltguide.ccsd.k12.co.us/instructional_tools/Strate gies/Strategies.html#similar • http://www.netc.org/focus/strategies/iden.php • www.graphic.org • www.bradfitzpatrick.com • www.fotolia.com • www.microsoft.clipartgallery.com Identifying Similarities & Differences