This document discusses using Oracle SQLcl and Liquibase to manage application schema lifecycles. It provides an overview of Liquibase and how SQLcl leverages it to generate change logs from database metadata and deploy schema changes in a repeatable way. It demonstrates capturing an Oracle schema, making changes, and rolling back through the change logs. Managing application schemas with SQLcl and Liquibase provides an easier way to version and deploy database changes compared to custom scripts.

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Jeff Smith
Master Product Manager
Jeff.d.smith@oracle.com || @thatjeffsmith
Database Tools, Oracle Corp
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Application Schema Lifecycle Management
with Oracle SQLcl

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v3..vNUpgrade v2Deploy v1
Back to v2 ??? Rollback!
Problem: App Schema Lifecyle Management …

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1. Home grown solution
2. Hand-crafted scripts
3. Liquibase|Flyway
4. Something else?
Poll: How are you doing this today?

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For Free
• less code
• familiar, friendly interface
• we’ll handle dependency ordering
• track changes for downgrades
Our Solution: Leverage Liquibase & make it easy

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Liquibase – “Source Control for your Database”
• open source
• deploy versions for your Oracle schema
• go forwards or backwards
• ‘changesets’

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Liquibase – changesets
• XML
• JSON
• YAML
• SQL

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Liquibase – controller/master => lots of changelogs

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Liquibase – DATABASECHANGELOG TABLE
“Liquibase uses the DATABASECHANGELOG table to track which changeSets have been ran.”

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• Executable via command line,
• Apache Ant,
• Apache Maven,
• servlet container,
• Spring Framework.
Liquibase – How it runs

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Liquibase – Built into Developer Cloud Service

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Liquibase – Gives you a lot, for FREE, but…
• …you write the upgrade AND rollback code for each db changelog
• You worry about the order of changelogs to be applied

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SQLcl – a Modern CLI for Oracle Database
• 25MB download, only requires a JRE
• SQL*Plus features, but much, much more
• Updated quarterly
• 11gR2 & Higher
• Avail in OCI YUM, OTN,
and DB $ORACLE_HOME

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Liquibase – “Source Control for your Database”
• An Open Source project – made easy with SQLcl, for free
• GEN schema/object as LB changelogs (XML via DBMS_METADATA)
• Objects automatically sorted for
creation/updates
• Easily rollback to previous state
• Preview proposed DDL for an UPDATE
• NEW for v19.2

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Help & Documentation Examples

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How it works
• Liquibase (lb) command is built into SQLcl
• Use DBMS_METADATA to generate XML used in changelogs
• Collects for connected USER, writes to $SQL_PATH
• On deployment:
– we capture current status and write to table for a rollback
– use our parser to scrape the XML and determine creation order

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Let’s do a demo: capture and deploy
• Create a directory to hold our changelogs
• Login as the schema we want to capture
• >lb genschema
• Login as the schema we want to deploy to
• >lb update <file.xml> false

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Scenario: Adding a Column for v2

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Scenario: Adding a Column > Changelog

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Scenario: Adding a Column > Push It

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Scenario: Adding a Column > Rollback!
• No code written to handle
rollback!
• ‘5’ arbitrary large number – I
want everything undone
• DESC > INFO when you need
terse screenshots 

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Real Scenario: Capture, Destroy, Deploy ORDS + APEX
• Stood up APEX and ORDS 19.x
• LB GENSCHEMA for both
• DROP USER APEX_... CASCADE;
• LB UPDATE to bring them back!

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You don’t have to use SQLcl, just stick this in your classpath

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Application Express (APEX) / RESTful Services?

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Availability
• LB command scheduled for SQLcl version 19.2
• Coming to you, SOON
• Follow @oraclesqlcl for
updates & product news