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Bed and Bath Linen 
Fabric Product and Styling 
Presented by 
Himanshu Maurya 
Aradhana Kapoor
Bath linen
Introduction 
Fabric stylists and end product designers have 
created many decorative variations of textile bath 
products as 
• Towel 
• Rugs, 
• Mats 
• Shower curtains, 
These items are often as ornamental as 
they are functional.
Bath linen 
• Todays, bath products are produced and marketed for both 
household and institutional use. 
• Non textile shower curtains, these products are subject to the 
provision of the textile fibre products. 
• Small rugs and bath mats are also subject to a federal 
flammability standard.
Towel And Towelling 
• Various fabrication techniques, including weaving, stitching, knitting and bonding 
webs of fibers, are used to produce towelling. 
• Towels and towelling are composed primarily of cotton. Manufacturers often 
produce cotton and polyester blended towelling to save on cost, however, this 
decreases the softness of the hand, the comfort, and the absorbency.
Construction Of Towel 
• Towel comes in a variety of sizes and with a variety of edge and end 
finishes. Trims and embellish their surface. 
• TYPE AND SIZES- several type of towel are included in today’s market 
assortment. 
Type Inches (width *length) 
Dish towel 12*24 to 16*30 
Fingertip/guest 9*14 to 11 *20 
Washcloth 12*12 to 14*14 
Face/hand towel 15*25 to 20*36 
Bath towel 20*40 to 27*50 
Bath sheet 35*66 to 45 *75
Physical Performance Properties of towel 
• Breaking Force (load) 
• Dimensional Change 
• Bow and Skew 
• Appearance 
• Microbe Resistance
Evaluating colourfastness 
• Colourfastness to laundering 
• Colourfastness to crocking 
• Colourfastness to light 
Evaluating Absorbency 
Evaluating Flammability
Caring for towel 
• All towels carry instructions for machine washing using warm water and 
machine drying. 
• Towel with fancy borders and highly decorative trims may using hand 
wash in cool water and line dry. 
• White items should be bleached with chlorine compounds only when 
necessary. 
• Deep toned colours should be laundered separately.
Bath Rugs AND MATS 
• Bath rugs are larger and normally heavier than bath mats. 
• Used continuously for decoration, softness underfoot, or insulation. 
• Bath mats are used temporarily to protect the floor from moisture and to 
prevent bather from slipping. 
• Both floor covering product are subject to a federal flammability 
mandate.
Construction and finishing bath rugs and mats 
• Bath rugs are generally cut from tufted or knitted carpet that has a lower 
pile construction density. 
• No secondary backing is applied but an adhesive is used to secure the 
tufts. 
• For skid resistance, the adhesive compound is normally embossed. 
• End product producers cut various sizes of round , square, oval, and 
rectangular shapes.
• Bath mats may be woven in narrow widths, with the selvages as the side 
edges and small hems finishing the ends, or they may be cut from wide 
fabric and hemmed on all edges. 
• Two different colours of warp pile yarns may be used to produce mats 
with different colour of loop on each side, or several colour of pile yarn 
may be used to produce richly patterned.
Shower curtain 
• Shower curtains may be constructed of textile fabric or polymer film 
sheeting. Both type are often produced as part of a coordinated bath 
ensemble. 
• Polymer film shower curtain- various type of polymer film sheeting are 
used to produce non textile shower curtains. 
• Textile shower curtain- heavy and stiff in structure. For protect the 
fabric from water and shop coat the interior surface with a waterproofing 
compound.
Evaluating colourfastness 
• Colourfastness to laundering 
• Colourfastness to crocking 
• Colourfastness to light 
Evaluating water resistance 
EVALUATING FLAMMABILITY
BED LINEN 
Mattress 
Pillows 
Blankets 
Sheets 
Bedspreads 
quilts 
comforters
Bedding 
• 40% of total fiber usage for home textiles goes into production of beddings. 
• Primary function of bed coverings is to provide warmth and comfort for 
sleeping, bedding products like towelings have high visual impact as well. 
• Bedding products – 
Mattress and Covers 
Sheets and Pillowcases 
Quilts 
Throws 
Comforters 
Blankets 
Bedspreads
Mattresses, 
Mattress Foundations, 
Mattress Protectors
Mattress 
• A mattress is a large pad for supporting the reclining body, used as or on a bed 
• Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, 
that contains hair, straw, cotton, foam rubber, etc.; a framework of metal springs; or 
they may be inflatable. 
• Mattresses are usually placed on top of a bed base which may be solid, as in the 
case of a platform bed, or elastic, e.g. with an upholstered wood and wire box 
spring or a slatted foundation 
Innerspring 
A common innerspring mattress consists of three components: the spring core, the 
foundation, and the upholstery layers.
Foundtion 
• A traditional box spring consists of a rigid frame containing extra heavy duty 
springs. This foundation is often paired with an innerspring mattress, as it extends 
the life of the spring unit at the mattress's core. All-foam mattresses are often 
paired with platform-style bases.
An all-wood foundation usually has 
seven or eight support slats disposed 
below paperboard or beaverboard. This 
foundation, variously called a "no-flex," 
"low-flex" or zero-deflection 
unit, as well as an "ortho 
box," provides support similar to a 
platform foundation. All-wood 
foundations have become increasingly 
prevalent as U.S. mattress makers 
shifted to super-thick, one-sided 
mattresses.
A grid-top foundation is a combination of steel and wood.
Upholstry 
Upholstery layers cover the mattress and provide cushioning and comfort. Some 
manufacturers call the mattress core the "support layer" and the upholstery layer 
the "comfort layer." The upholstery layer consists of three parts: 
* The insulator - The insulator separates the mattress core from the middle 
upholstery. It is usually made of fibre or mesh and is intended to keep the middle 
upholstery in place. 
* The middle upholstery -is usually made from materials which are intended to 
provide comfort to the sleeper, including flexible polyurethane foam, visco-elastic 
foam, latex foam, felt, polyester fiber, cotton fiber, wool fiber and nonwoven fiber 
pads 
* The quilt - Made of light foam or fibers stitched to the underside of the ticking, it 
provides a soft surface texture to the mattress and can be found in varying degrees 
of firmness.
Flammability Standards 
• The Standards for Flammability of Mattresses, 16 CFR 1632, is followed to 
protect the public against unreasonable risk of mattress fibers leading to death. 
• In 2007, Consumer Product Safety Commission established another test 
method: 16 CFR Part 1633, Standard Test Method for the Flammability of 
Mattress Sets.
Pillows 
Two categories: 
• Bed pillows 
• Decorative pillows
Size and form 
Bed pillows 
• Basically rectangular in shape – 20*21 inches. 
• Length varies according to width of the mattress. 
• Standard pillows for twin or double mattress are 26 – 27 inches long. 
• Queen size pillows – 30 to 31 inches. 
• King size pillows – 37 to 38 inches. 
Decorative pillows 
• Neck roll pillows (cylindrical) 6*14 or 7*17 inches. 
• Boudoir / Breakfast pillows – 12*16 inches. 
• Bolster (cylindrical) – 40 to 50 inches in length. 
• Turkish pillows (gathered corners) – 16 inches square. 
• European pillows – 26 inches square. 
• Round pillows – 26 inches diameter.
Fillings and Tickings 
Pillows may be filled with 
• Fiberfill 
• Down 
• Feathers 
• Foam 
Mostly the filling material are enclosed in a non 
removable casing. Commonly used fabrics for interior 
casings are: 
•Muslin 
• Percale 
• Twill-woven ticking 
• cotton damask
Decorative Covering for Pillows 
• For nighttime, plain or hem decorated pillowcases are used. 
• For daytime display decorative pillow shams may be used, shams are generally styled to 
match decorative pillows placed on bed. 
• Decorations (trimmings/embellishments) include – 
Monograms 
Contrasting piping/fabric binding 
Embroidery 
Appliqué 
Ribbons 
Ruffles
Sheets and Pillowcases 
• Most sheeting fabrics use plain-woven interlacing. 
• Finer yarns and higher fabric counts define high quality sheets. 
• Sateen weave sheets are growing popular. 
• Weft knitting is also used to produce knitted sheets in a jersey fabric(used 
because of its stretchability and smooth fitting) 
• Mainly rotary screen printing is used.
Types and sizes 
There are three styles of sheets: 
• Flat sheets: these are hemmed at both ends and may 
be used as top or bottom sheets. 
• Semi fitted: these are top sheets that are fitted at the 
foot of the bed with elastic corners for extra 
neatness and greater comfort. They don't untuck 
and stay in place better. 
• Fitted or Contour sheets: These have four contour 
corners and can be used only as bottom sheets. The 
sheeting selvedges provide a finished edge on the 
sides of all sheets.
TYPE AND NAME Inches (width * length) 
Flat sheets 
Crib 45*68 
Twin 66*104 
Double or Full 81*104 
Queen 90*110 
King 108*110 
FITTED SHEETS 
Crib 29*54 
Twin 39*75 
Double or full 54*75 
Queen 60*80 
King 78*80 
Pillowcases 
Standard 21*35 
Queen 21*39 
King 21*44
Hems and border embellishments 
• The hems may be simple or highly 
decorative. 
• Decorative hems have such border 
embellishments as delicate lace, scaloped 
eyelet trim, and contrasting piping.
Blankets 
• Blankets are primarily used for warmth. 
• Can be manufactured in two ways – 
*Using yarns through weaving, knitting and 
tufting. 
*Using fibers through felting, flocking or 
needlepunching.
Weaving Blanketing 
• Plain weaving and leno 
weaving are mostly used to 
produce blanketing. 
• The leno-woven thermal 
blanket is often lightweight 
and lofty for thermal 
insulation. 
• Weaving one set of warp 
yarns and two set of filling 
yarns together produces 
double-faced blanketing, or 
reversible blanketing.
Knitting blanketing 
• Generally constructed on raschel knitting 
machine, using interlooping patterns. 
• Thermal efficiency can be adjusted by 
varying the size of the yarns and the 
knitting gauge used.
Tufted Blankets 
• Used extensively for production of soft floor coverings and upholstery 
coverings, now used for blanketing. 
• Pile yarns are punched into base fabric and the pile surface is napped 
thus increasing the diameter of pile yarns and fixing them in the fabric.
Needlepunched Blankets 
• Use of needlepunching for commercial operation began in mid-1960’s. 
• Made by cross layering a thick batt with webs of staple length fibers on each 
side of a web of yarns. 
• These fibers are entangled into a chain stitch. 
• Subsequent napping raises some surface fibers, softening the appearance and 
improving the thermal efficiency.
Flocked Blankets 
• Lightweight, warm blankets can be produced by 
flocking nylon over the surfaces of a thin slab of 
polyurethane foam. 
• Together the flocked fiber and the cellular 
foam serve to minimize heat transfer by 
restricting air flow.
Caring for Blankets 
• Wool blankets must be stored with some type of moth repellent to protect the 
fibers from moth larvae. 
• To avoid felting shrinkage, blankets composed of wool fiber should be dry 
cleaned, unless wash care label directs otherwise. 
• Electric blankets must always be laundered; 
dry cleaning solvents may damage the 
insulating material covering the heating wires.
Bedspreads,Comforters and Quilts 
• Bedspreads are defined as “a type of bed covering that is placed over the blankets 
and sheets for appearance or warmth.” 
• Comforters are defined as “a bedcovering assembly, consisting of an insulating filler 
secured between two layers of fabric, used primarily to reduce heat loss.” 
• Quilts are defined as “a bedcovering assembly used primarily for warmth, consisting 
of an insulating filler secured 
between two layers of fabric, but generally l 
ighter in weight and thinner than a comforter.”
Quilting 
• Commercially produced quilts usually have a printed, solid color or yarn dyed 
face fabric, a fibrous or polyurethane batting, and a coordinating solid-colored 
or printed back fabric. 
• Patterned machine stitching is normally used to stabilize the layers.
Patchwork quilt - The patches are often square or rectangular. 
• Finishing touches differ from quilt to quilt. 
• Quilting stitches should be uniformly placed to stabilize the 
structure. 
• The stitches create a three-dimensional effect and can be used 
to create surface patterns.
Types of quilts 
Patterned quilts - several pieces are 
shaped to create a specific pattern repeat. 
Crazy quilts - the pieces are irregularly shaped 
and they vary in color styling.
Trapunto quilting 
• Done by placing quilting stitching around a single motif in a pattern repeat. 
• The interior the quilted shape is then filled by inserting batting material 
through tiny slits cut in the backing fabric. 
• Trapunto quilting is particularly effective when used for decorative pillow 
coverings with 
large motif.
Shadow quilting 
• Done by covering an appliquéd fabric surface with a sheer fabric such as 
organdy or voile. 
• Quilting stitches are then placed around the outlines of the appliqués 
joining the layers together. 
• The color appliqués have a softened or shadowed appearance.
Bedspreads 
• Most bedspreads are 
chosen primarily for their 
styling and decorative 
fabric. 
• Others,especially quilted 
ones, are selected for their 
insulative value.
Styles 
• Various styles of drops are seen with 
bedspreads, ranging from tailored to 
ruffled. 
• The qualities of fabric must always be 
appropriate for the styling features of 
the spreads. 
• Eg. A heavy fabric would be suitable 
for use in a throw style but would not 
drape properly in a style with gathered 
or shirred sides.
Fabrics 
• Virtually any fabric can be used for bedspreads. 
•Pile bedspreads fabrics are produced by weaving , knitting or tufting. 
• Corduroy, is used for tailored spreads. 
• Velvet is used for throw spreads. 
• Pile knitting produces fur fabrics often used for throw style coverings. 
• In chenille spreads, the pile tufts are closely spaced and cut, producing the caterpillar-like 
appearance of chenille yarns. 
• In candlewick spreads, the pile tufts are individually spaced, but, viewed collectively form a 
design.
Comforters 
• Comforters are usually filled with down, feathers or fiberfill; those filled with down are 
frequently known as duvets. 
• Spunbonded fabric can also be used as an interior lining, allowing the use of decorative fabric 
on both sides of the comforters. 
• To minimize the need for cleaning, manufacturers often recommend that comforters be 
enclosed in a sheet casing. 
• Most comforters are channel quilted to minimize shifting and clumping of the filling.
Evaluating Bedspread fabrics, Quilts and comforters 
• ASTM D 4037 Standard Performance Specifications for Woven, Knitted, or Flocked 
Bedspreads fabrics. 
• ASTM D 4721 Standard Practice for Evaluation of the Performance of Machine 
Washable and drycleanable bed coverings and Accessories. 
• ASTM D 4769 Standard Specifications for woven and warp Knitted Comforters 
Fabrics.
Bibliography 
Encarta encyclopedia 
Encyclopedia Britanica 
Textile Products for Bath, Household and Industrial Textile 
http://web.nmsu.edu/~jocogdil/CMT130/zoo/box.html

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Bed and Bath linen

  • 1. Bed and Bath Linen Fabric Product and Styling Presented by Himanshu Maurya Aradhana Kapoor
  • 3. Introduction Fabric stylists and end product designers have created many decorative variations of textile bath products as • Towel • Rugs, • Mats • Shower curtains, These items are often as ornamental as they are functional.
  • 4. Bath linen • Todays, bath products are produced and marketed for both household and institutional use. • Non textile shower curtains, these products are subject to the provision of the textile fibre products. • Small rugs and bath mats are also subject to a federal flammability standard.
  • 5. Towel And Towelling • Various fabrication techniques, including weaving, stitching, knitting and bonding webs of fibers, are used to produce towelling. • Towels and towelling are composed primarily of cotton. Manufacturers often produce cotton and polyester blended towelling to save on cost, however, this decreases the softness of the hand, the comfort, and the absorbency.
  • 6. Construction Of Towel • Towel comes in a variety of sizes and with a variety of edge and end finishes. Trims and embellish their surface. • TYPE AND SIZES- several type of towel are included in today’s market assortment. Type Inches (width *length) Dish towel 12*24 to 16*30 Fingertip/guest 9*14 to 11 *20 Washcloth 12*12 to 14*14 Face/hand towel 15*25 to 20*36 Bath towel 20*40 to 27*50 Bath sheet 35*66 to 45 *75
  • 7. Physical Performance Properties of towel • Breaking Force (load) • Dimensional Change • Bow and Skew • Appearance • Microbe Resistance
  • 8. Evaluating colourfastness • Colourfastness to laundering • Colourfastness to crocking • Colourfastness to light Evaluating Absorbency Evaluating Flammability
  • 9. Caring for towel • All towels carry instructions for machine washing using warm water and machine drying. • Towel with fancy borders and highly decorative trims may using hand wash in cool water and line dry. • White items should be bleached with chlorine compounds only when necessary. • Deep toned colours should be laundered separately.
  • 10. Bath Rugs AND MATS • Bath rugs are larger and normally heavier than bath mats. • Used continuously for decoration, softness underfoot, or insulation. • Bath mats are used temporarily to protect the floor from moisture and to prevent bather from slipping. • Both floor covering product are subject to a federal flammability mandate.
  • 11. Construction and finishing bath rugs and mats • Bath rugs are generally cut from tufted or knitted carpet that has a lower pile construction density. • No secondary backing is applied but an adhesive is used to secure the tufts. • For skid resistance, the adhesive compound is normally embossed. • End product producers cut various sizes of round , square, oval, and rectangular shapes.
  • 12. • Bath mats may be woven in narrow widths, with the selvages as the side edges and small hems finishing the ends, or they may be cut from wide fabric and hemmed on all edges. • Two different colours of warp pile yarns may be used to produce mats with different colour of loop on each side, or several colour of pile yarn may be used to produce richly patterned.
  • 13. Shower curtain • Shower curtains may be constructed of textile fabric or polymer film sheeting. Both type are often produced as part of a coordinated bath ensemble. • Polymer film shower curtain- various type of polymer film sheeting are used to produce non textile shower curtains. • Textile shower curtain- heavy and stiff in structure. For protect the fabric from water and shop coat the interior surface with a waterproofing compound.
  • 14. Evaluating colourfastness • Colourfastness to laundering • Colourfastness to crocking • Colourfastness to light Evaluating water resistance EVALUATING FLAMMABILITY
  • 15. BED LINEN Mattress Pillows Blankets Sheets Bedspreads quilts comforters
  • 16. Bedding • 40% of total fiber usage for home textiles goes into production of beddings. • Primary function of bed coverings is to provide warmth and comfort for sleeping, bedding products like towelings have high visual impact as well. • Bedding products – Mattress and Covers Sheets and Pillowcases Quilts Throws Comforters Blankets Bedspreads
  • 17. Mattresses, Mattress Foundations, Mattress Protectors
  • 18. Mattress • A mattress is a large pad for supporting the reclining body, used as or on a bed • Mattresses may consist of a quilted or similarly fastened case, usually of heavy cloth, that contains hair, straw, cotton, foam rubber, etc.; a framework of metal springs; or they may be inflatable. • Mattresses are usually placed on top of a bed base which may be solid, as in the case of a platform bed, or elastic, e.g. with an upholstered wood and wire box spring or a slatted foundation Innerspring A common innerspring mattress consists of three components: the spring core, the foundation, and the upholstery layers.
  • 19. Foundtion • A traditional box spring consists of a rigid frame containing extra heavy duty springs. This foundation is often paired with an innerspring mattress, as it extends the life of the spring unit at the mattress's core. All-foam mattresses are often paired with platform-style bases.
  • 20. An all-wood foundation usually has seven or eight support slats disposed below paperboard or beaverboard. This foundation, variously called a "no-flex," "low-flex" or zero-deflection unit, as well as an "ortho box," provides support similar to a platform foundation. All-wood foundations have become increasingly prevalent as U.S. mattress makers shifted to super-thick, one-sided mattresses.
  • 21. A grid-top foundation is a combination of steel and wood.
  • 22. Upholstry Upholstery layers cover the mattress and provide cushioning and comfort. Some manufacturers call the mattress core the "support layer" and the upholstery layer the "comfort layer." The upholstery layer consists of three parts: * The insulator - The insulator separates the mattress core from the middle upholstery. It is usually made of fibre or mesh and is intended to keep the middle upholstery in place. * The middle upholstery -is usually made from materials which are intended to provide comfort to the sleeper, including flexible polyurethane foam, visco-elastic foam, latex foam, felt, polyester fiber, cotton fiber, wool fiber and nonwoven fiber pads * The quilt - Made of light foam or fibers stitched to the underside of the ticking, it provides a soft surface texture to the mattress and can be found in varying degrees of firmness.
  • 23. Flammability Standards • The Standards for Flammability of Mattresses, 16 CFR 1632, is followed to protect the public against unreasonable risk of mattress fibers leading to death. • In 2007, Consumer Product Safety Commission established another test method: 16 CFR Part 1633, Standard Test Method for the Flammability of Mattress Sets.
  • 24. Pillows Two categories: • Bed pillows • Decorative pillows
  • 25. Size and form Bed pillows • Basically rectangular in shape – 20*21 inches. • Length varies according to width of the mattress. • Standard pillows for twin or double mattress are 26 – 27 inches long. • Queen size pillows – 30 to 31 inches. • King size pillows – 37 to 38 inches. Decorative pillows • Neck roll pillows (cylindrical) 6*14 or 7*17 inches. • Boudoir / Breakfast pillows – 12*16 inches. • Bolster (cylindrical) – 40 to 50 inches in length. • Turkish pillows (gathered corners) – 16 inches square. • European pillows – 26 inches square. • Round pillows – 26 inches diameter.
  • 26. Fillings and Tickings Pillows may be filled with • Fiberfill • Down • Feathers • Foam Mostly the filling material are enclosed in a non removable casing. Commonly used fabrics for interior casings are: •Muslin • Percale • Twill-woven ticking • cotton damask
  • 27. Decorative Covering for Pillows • For nighttime, plain or hem decorated pillowcases are used. • For daytime display decorative pillow shams may be used, shams are generally styled to match decorative pillows placed on bed. • Decorations (trimmings/embellishments) include – Monograms Contrasting piping/fabric binding Embroidery Appliqué Ribbons Ruffles
  • 28. Sheets and Pillowcases • Most sheeting fabrics use plain-woven interlacing. • Finer yarns and higher fabric counts define high quality sheets. • Sateen weave sheets are growing popular. • Weft knitting is also used to produce knitted sheets in a jersey fabric(used because of its stretchability and smooth fitting) • Mainly rotary screen printing is used.
  • 29. Types and sizes There are three styles of sheets: • Flat sheets: these are hemmed at both ends and may be used as top or bottom sheets. • Semi fitted: these are top sheets that are fitted at the foot of the bed with elastic corners for extra neatness and greater comfort. They don't untuck and stay in place better. • Fitted or Contour sheets: These have four contour corners and can be used only as bottom sheets. The sheeting selvedges provide a finished edge on the sides of all sheets.
  • 30. TYPE AND NAME Inches (width * length) Flat sheets Crib 45*68 Twin 66*104 Double or Full 81*104 Queen 90*110 King 108*110 FITTED SHEETS Crib 29*54 Twin 39*75 Double or full 54*75 Queen 60*80 King 78*80 Pillowcases Standard 21*35 Queen 21*39 King 21*44
  • 31. Hems and border embellishments • The hems may be simple or highly decorative. • Decorative hems have such border embellishments as delicate lace, scaloped eyelet trim, and contrasting piping.
  • 32. Blankets • Blankets are primarily used for warmth. • Can be manufactured in two ways – *Using yarns through weaving, knitting and tufting. *Using fibers through felting, flocking or needlepunching.
  • 33. Weaving Blanketing • Plain weaving and leno weaving are mostly used to produce blanketing. • The leno-woven thermal blanket is often lightweight and lofty for thermal insulation. • Weaving one set of warp yarns and two set of filling yarns together produces double-faced blanketing, or reversible blanketing.
  • 34. Knitting blanketing • Generally constructed on raschel knitting machine, using interlooping patterns. • Thermal efficiency can be adjusted by varying the size of the yarns and the knitting gauge used.
  • 35. Tufted Blankets • Used extensively for production of soft floor coverings and upholstery coverings, now used for blanketing. • Pile yarns are punched into base fabric and the pile surface is napped thus increasing the diameter of pile yarns and fixing them in the fabric.
  • 36. Needlepunched Blankets • Use of needlepunching for commercial operation began in mid-1960’s. • Made by cross layering a thick batt with webs of staple length fibers on each side of a web of yarns. • These fibers are entangled into a chain stitch. • Subsequent napping raises some surface fibers, softening the appearance and improving the thermal efficiency.
  • 37. Flocked Blankets • Lightweight, warm blankets can be produced by flocking nylon over the surfaces of a thin slab of polyurethane foam. • Together the flocked fiber and the cellular foam serve to minimize heat transfer by restricting air flow.
  • 38. Caring for Blankets • Wool blankets must be stored with some type of moth repellent to protect the fibers from moth larvae. • To avoid felting shrinkage, blankets composed of wool fiber should be dry cleaned, unless wash care label directs otherwise. • Electric blankets must always be laundered; dry cleaning solvents may damage the insulating material covering the heating wires.
  • 39. Bedspreads,Comforters and Quilts • Bedspreads are defined as “a type of bed covering that is placed over the blankets and sheets for appearance or warmth.” • Comforters are defined as “a bedcovering assembly, consisting of an insulating filler secured between two layers of fabric, used primarily to reduce heat loss.” • Quilts are defined as “a bedcovering assembly used primarily for warmth, consisting of an insulating filler secured between two layers of fabric, but generally l ighter in weight and thinner than a comforter.”
  • 40. Quilting • Commercially produced quilts usually have a printed, solid color or yarn dyed face fabric, a fibrous or polyurethane batting, and a coordinating solid-colored or printed back fabric. • Patterned machine stitching is normally used to stabilize the layers.
  • 41. Patchwork quilt - The patches are often square or rectangular. • Finishing touches differ from quilt to quilt. • Quilting stitches should be uniformly placed to stabilize the structure. • The stitches create a three-dimensional effect and can be used to create surface patterns.
  • 42. Types of quilts Patterned quilts - several pieces are shaped to create a specific pattern repeat. Crazy quilts - the pieces are irregularly shaped and they vary in color styling.
  • 43. Trapunto quilting • Done by placing quilting stitching around a single motif in a pattern repeat. • The interior the quilted shape is then filled by inserting batting material through tiny slits cut in the backing fabric. • Trapunto quilting is particularly effective when used for decorative pillow coverings with large motif.
  • 44. Shadow quilting • Done by covering an appliquéd fabric surface with a sheer fabric such as organdy or voile. • Quilting stitches are then placed around the outlines of the appliqués joining the layers together. • The color appliqués have a softened or shadowed appearance.
  • 45. Bedspreads • Most bedspreads are chosen primarily for their styling and decorative fabric. • Others,especially quilted ones, are selected for their insulative value.
  • 46. Styles • Various styles of drops are seen with bedspreads, ranging from tailored to ruffled. • The qualities of fabric must always be appropriate for the styling features of the spreads. • Eg. A heavy fabric would be suitable for use in a throw style but would not drape properly in a style with gathered or shirred sides.
  • 47. Fabrics • Virtually any fabric can be used for bedspreads. •Pile bedspreads fabrics are produced by weaving , knitting or tufting. • Corduroy, is used for tailored spreads. • Velvet is used for throw spreads. • Pile knitting produces fur fabrics often used for throw style coverings. • In chenille spreads, the pile tufts are closely spaced and cut, producing the caterpillar-like appearance of chenille yarns. • In candlewick spreads, the pile tufts are individually spaced, but, viewed collectively form a design.
  • 48. Comforters • Comforters are usually filled with down, feathers or fiberfill; those filled with down are frequently known as duvets. • Spunbonded fabric can also be used as an interior lining, allowing the use of decorative fabric on both sides of the comforters. • To minimize the need for cleaning, manufacturers often recommend that comforters be enclosed in a sheet casing. • Most comforters are channel quilted to minimize shifting and clumping of the filling.
  • 49. Evaluating Bedspread fabrics, Quilts and comforters • ASTM D 4037 Standard Performance Specifications for Woven, Knitted, or Flocked Bedspreads fabrics. • ASTM D 4721 Standard Practice for Evaluation of the Performance of Machine Washable and drycleanable bed coverings and Accessories. • ASTM D 4769 Standard Specifications for woven and warp Knitted Comforters Fabrics.
  • 50. Bibliography Encarta encyclopedia Encyclopedia Britanica Textile Products for Bath, Household and Industrial Textile http://web.nmsu.edu/~jocogdil/CMT130/zoo/box.html