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漫談人工智慧
~從視覺出發 Jason Tsai (蔡志順) 2019.07.06
Deep01(愛因斯坦人工智能)
神經科學
(Neuroscience)
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神經元 (neuron) 示意圖
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神經元間的溝通之處
突觸 (synapse)
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跳耀式傳導 (saltatory conduction)
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動作電位 (action potential)
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皮質柱 (cortical column)
相同的接受域 (receptive field)
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階層稀疏分散表徵 Hierarchical Sparse
Distributed Representations
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視覺皮質傳導路徑
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聯結體 (connectome)
神經系統連接線路圖
神經網路
(Neural Networks)
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海柏學習法則
(Hebb’s learning rule)
突觸前神經元向突觸後神經元持續重複的刺激,
使得神經元之間的突觸強度增加。
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第一/二代人工神經元模型
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激活函數 (activation function)
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感知機 (perceptron) 模型
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多層感知機
(multi-layer perceptron)
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卷積神經網路
(convolutional neural networks)
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卷積神經網路
ConvNet / DeconvNet
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卷積神經網路
Convolutional layer
 Depth (D): filter (或稱 kernel) 組數
 Stride (S): 每一次 kernel 移動的間隔
 Zero padding (P): 每一輸入邊緣填 0 的
寬度
若以 W 表示輸入寬度大小,F 表示
filter 寬度大小, 卷積運算後 feature
map 的寬度大小公式為:
D 個 [(W - F + 2P) / S] + 1
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卷積神經網路
Convolutional layer
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卷積神經網路
Pooling layer
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卷積神經網路 Local receptive field,
Sparse connectivity
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卷積神經網路
Weight sharing
 此處 w1 = w4 = w7, w2 = w5 = w8, w3 = w6 = w9
 具有 translational invariance 的特性
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擴張卷積
Dilated convolution
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可變形卷積
Deformable convolution
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典型卷積與可變形卷積
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Deep residual networks (ResNet)
Residual block: y = F(x)+x
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ResNet in recurrent form
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DenseNet
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第三代人工神經元模型
Spiking Neural Networks (脈衝神經網
路)
SDTP (spike-timing-dependent plasticity)
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神經型態晶片
Neuromorphic chip
應用:人臉辨識
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人臉辨識
Face recognition
 人臉檢測 (Face Detection)
 人臉表徵 (Face
Representation)
 人臉識別 (Face
Identification)
 人臉驗證 (Face Verification)
 表情分析 (Expression
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靈長類 (primate) 人臉辨識
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形狀 (shape)+外觀=臉孔
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形狀 (shape)+外觀=臉孔
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形狀+外觀 (appearance)=臉孔
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形狀+外觀 (appearance)=臉孔
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深度學習 (deep learning) 人臉辨識
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深度學習人臉辨識
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人工智慧大未來
Q & A

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漫談人工智慧:啟發自大腦科學的深度學習網路