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PLANNING SPEED TRAINING
FOR TEAM SPORTS
Mike Young, PhD
@mikeyoung
#speedsummit
The Outline
Game Requirements
Annual Planning
Means & Methods
Logistics
Session Guidelines
Complementary Elements
UNDERSTANDING GAME REQUIREMENTS
“Speed” means
different things to
different sports
“Speed” means
different things to
different sports
continuous.
repeated very short
bursts. acc (rarely
maximal)
intermittent. short
& intermediate
bursts. max acc &
maxV
continuous (RSA).
short bursts.
occasional max acc
& maxV
intermittent. short &
intermediate bursts.
max acceleration
ACKNOWLEDGE & RESPECTTHE PHYSICAL
STIMULUS OF GAMES
BUT KNOWTHAT GAMES ARE NOTTHE BEST
STIMULUS FOR FITNESS
RATES OF DECAY
• Aerobic capacity
• Anaerobic lactic capacity
• Power
• Speed
• Maximum strength
RATES OF DECAY
• Aerobic capacity
• Anaerobic lactic capacity
• Power
• Speed
• Maximum strength
When it comes to speed-
power training &
maintenance, a little goes a
long way
Planning Speed Training for Team Sports
THINGSTO CONSIDER
• Varying physical readiness
• Different playing positions
• Chronological age
• Training age
• Injury history
• Burners vs Donkeys
Planning Speed Training for Team Sports
PLAN
AHEA
B u t w r it e
in p e n c il
•Overload
•Rest & recovery
•Biomotor Balance
•Compatible & complimentary
Training is a Process
OverloadOVERLOAD
IN PERFORMANCE ORIENTED INDIVIDUAL SPORTS,
TRAINING CAN BE PRISTINELY STRUCTURED
HARD / EASY DAYS
Traditional training methods have alternated hard and
easy days to facilitate recovery
New technology and better understandings of the
body and training stimulus permit better options
ALTERNATION OFTRAINING
MEANS
• By alternating high and low CNS an athlete can allow some
systems of the body to rest while others are recovering
• Alternatively, one could split activities by eccentric and
concentric dominance
High-Low CNS
• High CNS: higher intensity,
maximal efforts of higher load or
speed of movement
• Low CNS: lower intensity, aerobic,
higher work capacity
Ecc-Conc Demand
• Eccentric dominant: typically
higher velocity involving
decelerative forces
• Concentric dominant: typically
higher force, lower velocity
involving accelerative forces
INTEAM SPORTS, PRISTINETRAINING
ORGANIZATION IS OFTEN NOT POSSIBLE
Rest & Recovery
U N D E R S T A N D T H IS
Due to the nature of
today’s seasons,
traditional periodization
models with clear cut
in-seasons & off-seasons
are antiquated & obsolete
IT’S MORE APPROPRIATE TO THINK OF AN ONGOING
PROCESS WITH WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY
FINDING WINDOWS REQUIRES
LOOKING FORTHEM
• Game load • Travel stress
• Strength training load
• Objective indicators
• Subjective indicators
• Schedule
SESSION GUIDELINES
SPEED • Linear Sprint Speed
• Change of Direction
SPEED TRAINING GUIDELINES
When training speed the emphasis should
ALWAYS be on quality rather than volume
Quality of Movement Quality of Effort
Adding changes of direction, start-stops,
turns, lateral movement, change of tempo,
jumps, etc are all appropriate but should
not come at the expense of developing
linear speed
SPEED TRAINING GUIDELINES
SPEED SESSION GUIDELINES
• Active-dynamic warmup
• Emphasis on quality of movement
and effort
• Appropriate distances, volumes &
rests to achieve desired stimulus
• Incorporate changes of direction,
stops, jumps as appropriate for
sport
• Incorporate cognitive processing,
decision making, and reaction
• Follow best practices for order of
operations
1. Technical
2. Speed
3. Power
4. Strength
5. Conditioning
MEANS & METHODS
IFYOU WANTTO BE
FASTER….
!
<40m per rep ~1’ rest / 10m
<300m total volume
STARTING POSITIONS &
GENERAL MECHANICS SHOULD
BE EMPHASIZED
Resisted Sprints
•Resisted sprints can improve speed*
•When load is appropriate kinematics are unaffected
•Optimal load produces ~10-20% speed decrement
•Length: 10-40m
•Load: Base on quality of movement & speed
•Rest: 30-60 sec / 10m
•Volume: 200-360m
•~10% Rule
SPEED TRAINING GUIDELINES
• Emphasize appropriate mechanics and maximal intensity
• Work : rest ratios = 1 : 20 - 40
• Rep lengths of 10-40m (~ 1 - 5 sec)
• Total volume should be constrained (160m - 300m)
SPORT SPEED
MULTI-DIRECTIONAL, CHANGE OF DIRECTION, DECELERATION CAPACITY, REACTION
Off-Season
• Focus on acceleration first
• Resisted runs & moderate
hills are appropriate
methods for developing
both mechanics of speed
as well as physical qualities
• Respect the necessary rest
requirements
In-Season
• Speed training must
persist throughout the
season
• Incorporate the ball,
reaction and thought-
processing when feasible
but do so in an
appropriate manner
Planning Speed Training for Team Sports
Planning Speed Training for Team Sports
Complementary Elements
Strength
Proven to improve
sprint, jump, throw
and endurance
capacities
“...there is sufficient evidence for
strength training programs to
continue to be an integral part of
athletic preparation.”
“Do I really need to lift?”
BASIC GUIDELINES
FOR RESISTANCE TRAINING
• Muscles don’t act in isolation
• Train movements not
muscles….“sport specific
strength” is nonsense
• Address asymmetries and
imbalances
TRAIN HOLISTICALLY
• Multi-joint exercises through complete ranges of motion
• For strength & power, lower rep ranges, higher loads, and
moderate volumes are suggested
• ~40 / 60 split upper / lower body
• For hypertrophy, moderate reps and load with higher
volume is suggested
BASIC GUIDELINES
Exercise Absolute Power (Watts)
100kg Male 75kg Female
Bench Press 300
Back Squat 1100
Deadlift 1100
Snatch 3000 1750
Snatch 2nd Pull 5500 2900
Clean 2950 1750
Clean 2nd Pull 5500 2650
Jerk 5400 2600
POWER DEVELOPMENT
*Total pull: Lift-off until maximal vertical velocity
**2nd pull: Transition until maximal vertical barbell velocity
Exercise Absolute Power (Watts)
100kg Male 75kg Female
Bench Press 300
Back Squat 1100
Deadlift 1100
Snatch 3000 1750
Snatch 2nd Pull 5500 2900
Clean 2950 1750
Clean 2nd Pull 5500 2650
Jerk 5400 2600
POWER DEVELOPMENT
*Total pull: Lift-off until maximal vertical velocity
**2nd pull: Transition until maximal vertical barbell velocity
Even if use of Olympic lifts are
inappropriate due to lack of
equipment, low teachingexpertise, or athleteinexperience; the basicprincipals should still be
incorporated (externally
loaded, multi-joint, lower body
explosive movement)
Heavy-Low Rep vs. Light-High Rep
• 1-3x/ week
• Short but intense workouts
• 20-40 minutes per session is sufficient
• High load / low rep and / or explosive
emphasis
• Train the entire body
• Use appropriate rest intervals
Weight Training
Guidelines
Bodyweight strength exercises are great for muscular endurance, work capacity,
strength maintenance and when facility / equipment access is limited
Off-Season
• Teach first
• Development of work &
functional capacity before
strength
• Individualize to needs
• Strength and power
• Lower extremity and core
emphasis
• Full range movements
In-Season
• 1-3x per week
• Reduced volumes
• Eliminate novel exercises
or training stimuli
• Evolution rather than
revolution to reduce
DOMs
• On-field incorporation
sessions can be useful
OLYMPIC LIFTS
vary starting position. power clean emphasis. 1-3 reps / set. 5-10 sets.
SQUATS
all variants. full depth. 2-6 reps / set. 4-7 sets.
RESISTANCE TRAINING
UPPER BODY PULL, PUSH, CORE, AND UNILATERAL STRENGTH
Chelly et al (2010). Relationships between power and strength of the upper and lower limb
muscles and throwing velocity in male handball players.
Planning Speed Training for Team Sports
TRAIN THE CHAIN (THE POSTERIOR CHAIN)
Planning Speed Training for Team Sports
PLYOS
PLYOMETRIC BENEFITS
EFFECTS OF 8-WEEK IN-SEASON PLYOMETRIC
TRAINING ON UPPER AND LOWER LIMB PERFORMANCE
OF ELITE ADOLESCENT HANDBALL PLAYERS
MOHAMED SOUHAIEL CHELLY,1,2 SOUHAIL HERMASSI,2
RIDHA AOUADI,1,2 AND ROY J. SHEPHARD
3
1
Research Unit Sport Performance & Health, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saıˆd, University of La
Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia; 2
Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of La Manouba, Tunis,
Tunisia; and
3
Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
ABSTRACT
Chelly, MS, Hermassi, S, Aouadi, R, and Shephard, RJ. Effects of
8-week in-season plyometric training on upper and lower limb
performance of elite adolescent handball players. J Strength
Cond Res 28(5): 1401–1410, 2014—We hypothesized that
replacement of a part of the normal in-season regimen of top-
evel adolescent handball players by an 8-week biweekly course
yometric training would enhance char-
ower output
INTRODUCTION
H
andball is an intermittent sport where physio-
logical characteristics, particularly the ability to
make and to repeat the explosive muscular con-
tractions required for sprinting, jumping, turn-
ing, changing pace, and throwing a ball, are important to
performance not only in adults but also in adolescent players
(5,11,35). Single-bout explosive efforts are as important as
maximal aerobic power (15); although high-speed sprinting
accounts for only 11% of the total distance covered in junior
(35), vital moments such as winning posses-
end on such actions
•Introduction of bi-weekly plyometric training improves
sprinting, jumping and ball throwing velocities
EFFECTS OF 8-WEEK IN-SEASON PLYOMETRIC
TRAINING ON UPPER AND LOWER LIMB PERFORMANCE
OF ELITE ADOLESCENT HANDBALL PLAYERS
MOHAMED SOUHAIEL CHELLY,1,2 SOUHAIL HERMASSI,2
RIDHA AOUADI,1,2 AND ROY J. SHEPHARD
3
1
Research Unit Sport Performance & Health, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saıˆd, University of La
Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia; 2
Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of La Manouba, Tunis,
Tunisia; and
3
Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
ABSTRACT
Chelly, MS, Hermassi, S, Aouadi, R, and Shephard, RJ. Effects of
8-week in-season plyometric training on upper and lower limb
performance of elite adolescent handball players. J Strength
Cond Res 28(5): 1401–1410, 2014—We hypothesized that
replacement of a part of the normal in-season regimen of top-
evel adolescent handball players by an 8-week biweekly course
yometric training would enhance char-
ower output
INTRODUCTION
H
andball is an intermittent sport where physio-
logical characteristics, particularly the ability to
make and to repeat the explosive muscular con-
tractions required for sprinting, jumping, turn-
ing, changing pace, and throwing a ball, are important to
performance not only in adults but also in adolescent players
(5,11,35). Single-bout explosive efforts are as important as
maximal aerobic power (15); although high-speed sprinting
accounts for only 11% of the total distance covered in junior
(35), vital moments such as winning posses-
end on such actions
PLYOMETRICS
• GREAT STIMULUS FOR POWER
& MAINTENANCE OF
STRENGTH
• INTENSITY DIRECTLY RELATED
TO VERTICAL DISPLACEMENT &
TYPE OF CONTACT (1 LEG VS 2)
• COMBINE WITH RUNNING &
CHANGE OF DIRECTION
• QUALITY OVER QUANTITY
• APPROPRIATE MECHANICS ARE
CRITICAL
Mobility
Endurance
•Aerobic
•Anaerobic-Glycolytic
•Repeat Sprint Ability
•Work Capacity
REPEAT SPRINT ABILITY
LIMITERS OF RSA
•Fatigue from repeat efforts is inversely correlated to initial sprint
performance
•Limitations in energy supply, which include energy available from
phosphocreatine hydrolysis, anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative
metabolism, and the intramuscular accumulation of metabolic by-
products, such as hydrogen ions are key factors in performance
decrement
•Neural factors (magnitude and strategy of recruitment) are
related to fatigue
•Stiffness regulation, hypoglycemia, muscle damage and
environmental conditions may also compromise repeat sprint ability
(Bishop et al, 2011)
1. Include traditional sprint training to
improve an athlete’s capacity in a single
sprint effort
2. Some high intensity interval training is
beneficial to improve the athlete’s
ability to recover between sprint
efforts.
(Bishop et al, 2011)
TRAINING RSA
RSA Training Guidelines
Intensity: 95-100%
Reps: 10-30m
Volume: <300m total
Work:Rest Ratio: 1:5-10
Frequency: 1-2x / week
RSA is addressed indirectly through other training
methods but specific training is also recommended
Off-Season
• Aerobic qualities must be
in place first
• Speed should be
emphasized over RSA
• Immediately prior to the
season dedicated RSA
work may be useful
In-Season
• Very little is necessary
• HIIT + speed training may
help preserve
WORK CAPACITY is often
overlooked but plays an
important role in
developing speed & power
Body Weight Strength
General Endurance Circuits
Weight Circuits
Kettlebell Complexes
Med Ball Circuits
Understand
Game
Requirements
Use the Correct Tool
for the job
Follow Best Practice
Session Guidelines
Keep the Goal the
Goal
Consider Logistics.
Balance Art & Science.
MIKE@ATHLETICLAB.COM
@MIKEYOUNG

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Planning Speed Training for Team Sports

  • 1. PLANNING SPEED TRAINING FOR TEAM SPORTS Mike Young, PhD @mikeyoung #speedsummit
  • 2. The Outline Game Requirements Annual Planning Means & Methods Logistics Session Guidelines Complementary Elements
  • 5. “Speed” means different things to different sports continuous. repeated very short bursts. acc (rarely maximal) intermittent. short & intermediate bursts. max acc & maxV continuous (RSA). short bursts. occasional max acc & maxV intermittent. short & intermediate bursts. max acceleration
  • 6. ACKNOWLEDGE & RESPECTTHE PHYSICAL STIMULUS OF GAMES
  • 7. BUT KNOWTHAT GAMES ARE NOTTHE BEST STIMULUS FOR FITNESS
  • 8. RATES OF DECAY • Aerobic capacity • Anaerobic lactic capacity • Power • Speed • Maximum strength
  • 9. RATES OF DECAY • Aerobic capacity • Anaerobic lactic capacity • Power • Speed • Maximum strength When it comes to speed- power training & maintenance, a little goes a long way
  • 11. THINGSTO CONSIDER • Varying physical readiness • Different playing positions • Chronological age • Training age • Injury history • Burners vs Donkeys
  • 14. B u t w r it e in p e n c il
  • 15. •Overload •Rest & recovery •Biomotor Balance •Compatible & complimentary Training is a Process
  • 17. IN PERFORMANCE ORIENTED INDIVIDUAL SPORTS, TRAINING CAN BE PRISTINELY STRUCTURED
  • 18. HARD / EASY DAYS Traditional training methods have alternated hard and easy days to facilitate recovery New technology and better understandings of the body and training stimulus permit better options
  • 19. ALTERNATION OFTRAINING MEANS • By alternating high and low CNS an athlete can allow some systems of the body to rest while others are recovering • Alternatively, one could split activities by eccentric and concentric dominance
  • 20. High-Low CNS • High CNS: higher intensity, maximal efforts of higher load or speed of movement • Low CNS: lower intensity, aerobic, higher work capacity Ecc-Conc Demand • Eccentric dominant: typically higher velocity involving decelerative forces • Concentric dominant: typically higher force, lower velocity involving accelerative forces
  • 23. U N D E R S T A N D T H IS
  • 24. Due to the nature of today’s seasons, traditional periodization models with clear cut in-seasons & off-seasons are antiquated & obsolete
  • 25. IT’S MORE APPROPRIATE TO THINK OF AN ONGOING PROCESS WITH WINDOWS OF OPPORTUNITY
  • 26. FINDING WINDOWS REQUIRES LOOKING FORTHEM • Game load • Travel stress • Strength training load • Objective indicators • Subjective indicators • Schedule
  • 28. SPEED • Linear Sprint Speed • Change of Direction
  • 29. SPEED TRAINING GUIDELINES When training speed the emphasis should ALWAYS be on quality rather than volume Quality of Movement Quality of Effort
  • 30. Adding changes of direction, start-stops, turns, lateral movement, change of tempo, jumps, etc are all appropriate but should not come at the expense of developing linear speed SPEED TRAINING GUIDELINES
  • 31. SPEED SESSION GUIDELINES • Active-dynamic warmup • Emphasis on quality of movement and effort • Appropriate distances, volumes & rests to achieve desired stimulus • Incorporate changes of direction, stops, jumps as appropriate for sport • Incorporate cognitive processing, decision making, and reaction • Follow best practices for order of operations 1. Technical 2. Speed 3. Power 4. Strength 5. Conditioning
  • 34. ! <40m per rep ~1’ rest / 10m <300m total volume
  • 35. STARTING POSITIONS & GENERAL MECHANICS SHOULD BE EMPHASIZED
  • 37. •Resisted sprints can improve speed* •When load is appropriate kinematics are unaffected •Optimal load produces ~10-20% speed decrement
  • 38. •Length: 10-40m •Load: Base on quality of movement & speed •Rest: 30-60 sec / 10m •Volume: 200-360m •~10% Rule
  • 39. SPEED TRAINING GUIDELINES • Emphasize appropriate mechanics and maximal intensity • Work : rest ratios = 1 : 20 - 40 • Rep lengths of 10-40m (~ 1 - 5 sec) • Total volume should be constrained (160m - 300m)
  • 40. SPORT SPEED MULTI-DIRECTIONAL, CHANGE OF DIRECTION, DECELERATION CAPACITY, REACTION
  • 41. Off-Season • Focus on acceleration first • Resisted runs & moderate hills are appropriate methods for developing both mechanics of speed as well as physical qualities • Respect the necessary rest requirements
  • 42. In-Season • Speed training must persist throughout the season • Incorporate the ball, reaction and thought- processing when feasible but do so in an appropriate manner
  • 46. Strength Proven to improve sprint, jump, throw and endurance capacities
  • 47. “...there is sufficient evidence for strength training programs to continue to be an integral part of athletic preparation.” “Do I really need to lift?”
  • 49. • Muscles don’t act in isolation • Train movements not muscles….“sport specific strength” is nonsense • Address asymmetries and imbalances TRAIN HOLISTICALLY
  • 50. • Multi-joint exercises through complete ranges of motion • For strength & power, lower rep ranges, higher loads, and moderate volumes are suggested • ~40 / 60 split upper / lower body • For hypertrophy, moderate reps and load with higher volume is suggested BASIC GUIDELINES
  • 51. Exercise Absolute Power (Watts) 100kg Male 75kg Female Bench Press 300 Back Squat 1100 Deadlift 1100 Snatch 3000 1750 Snatch 2nd Pull 5500 2900 Clean 2950 1750 Clean 2nd Pull 5500 2650 Jerk 5400 2600 POWER DEVELOPMENT *Total pull: Lift-off until maximal vertical velocity **2nd pull: Transition until maximal vertical barbell velocity
  • 52. Exercise Absolute Power (Watts) 100kg Male 75kg Female Bench Press 300 Back Squat 1100 Deadlift 1100 Snatch 3000 1750 Snatch 2nd Pull 5500 2900 Clean 2950 1750 Clean 2nd Pull 5500 2650 Jerk 5400 2600 POWER DEVELOPMENT *Total pull: Lift-off until maximal vertical velocity **2nd pull: Transition until maximal vertical barbell velocity Even if use of Olympic lifts are inappropriate due to lack of equipment, low teachingexpertise, or athleteinexperience; the basicprincipals should still be incorporated (externally loaded, multi-joint, lower body explosive movement)
  • 53. Heavy-Low Rep vs. Light-High Rep
  • 54. • 1-3x/ week • Short but intense workouts • 20-40 minutes per session is sufficient • High load / low rep and / or explosive emphasis • Train the entire body • Use appropriate rest intervals Weight Training Guidelines
  • 55. Bodyweight strength exercises are great for muscular endurance, work capacity, strength maintenance and when facility / equipment access is limited
  • 56. Off-Season • Teach first • Development of work & functional capacity before strength • Individualize to needs • Strength and power • Lower extremity and core emphasis • Full range movements
  • 57. In-Season • 1-3x per week • Reduced volumes • Eliminate novel exercises or training stimuli • Evolution rather than revolution to reduce DOMs • On-field incorporation sessions can be useful
  • 58. OLYMPIC LIFTS vary starting position. power clean emphasis. 1-3 reps / set. 5-10 sets.
  • 59. SQUATS all variants. full depth. 2-6 reps / set. 4-7 sets.
  • 60. RESISTANCE TRAINING UPPER BODY PULL, PUSH, CORE, AND UNILATERAL STRENGTH Chelly et al (2010). Relationships between power and strength of the upper and lower limb muscles and throwing velocity in male handball players.
  • 62. TRAIN THE CHAIN (THE POSTERIOR CHAIN)
  • 64. PLYOS
  • 65. PLYOMETRIC BENEFITS EFFECTS OF 8-WEEK IN-SEASON PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON UPPER AND LOWER LIMB PERFORMANCE OF ELITE ADOLESCENT HANDBALL PLAYERS MOHAMED SOUHAIEL CHELLY,1,2 SOUHAIL HERMASSI,2 RIDHA AOUADI,1,2 AND ROY J. SHEPHARD 3 1 Research Unit Sport Performance & Health, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saıˆd, University of La Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia; 2 Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of La Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia; and 3 Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ABSTRACT Chelly, MS, Hermassi, S, Aouadi, R, and Shephard, RJ. Effects of 8-week in-season plyometric training on upper and lower limb performance of elite adolescent handball players. J Strength Cond Res 28(5): 1401–1410, 2014—We hypothesized that replacement of a part of the normal in-season regimen of top- evel adolescent handball players by an 8-week biweekly course yometric training would enhance char- ower output INTRODUCTION H andball is an intermittent sport where physio- logical characteristics, particularly the ability to make and to repeat the explosive muscular con- tractions required for sprinting, jumping, turn- ing, changing pace, and throwing a ball, are important to performance not only in adults but also in adolescent players (5,11,35). Single-bout explosive efforts are as important as maximal aerobic power (15); although high-speed sprinting accounts for only 11% of the total distance covered in junior (35), vital moments such as winning posses- end on such actions
  • 66. •Introduction of bi-weekly plyometric training improves sprinting, jumping and ball throwing velocities EFFECTS OF 8-WEEK IN-SEASON PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON UPPER AND LOWER LIMB PERFORMANCE OF ELITE ADOLESCENT HANDBALL PLAYERS MOHAMED SOUHAIEL CHELLY,1,2 SOUHAIL HERMASSI,2 RIDHA AOUADI,1,2 AND ROY J. SHEPHARD 3 1 Research Unit Sport Performance & Health, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saıˆd, University of La Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia; 2 Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, University of La Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia; and 3 Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ABSTRACT Chelly, MS, Hermassi, S, Aouadi, R, and Shephard, RJ. Effects of 8-week in-season plyometric training on upper and lower limb performance of elite adolescent handball players. J Strength Cond Res 28(5): 1401–1410, 2014—We hypothesized that replacement of a part of the normal in-season regimen of top- evel adolescent handball players by an 8-week biweekly course yometric training would enhance char- ower output INTRODUCTION H andball is an intermittent sport where physio- logical characteristics, particularly the ability to make and to repeat the explosive muscular con- tractions required for sprinting, jumping, turn- ing, changing pace, and throwing a ball, are important to performance not only in adults but also in adolescent players (5,11,35). Single-bout explosive efforts are as important as maximal aerobic power (15); although high-speed sprinting accounts for only 11% of the total distance covered in junior (35), vital moments such as winning posses- end on such actions
  • 67. PLYOMETRICS • GREAT STIMULUS FOR POWER & MAINTENANCE OF STRENGTH • INTENSITY DIRECTLY RELATED TO VERTICAL DISPLACEMENT & TYPE OF CONTACT (1 LEG VS 2) • COMBINE WITH RUNNING & CHANGE OF DIRECTION • QUALITY OVER QUANTITY • APPROPRIATE MECHANICS ARE CRITICAL
  • 71. LIMITERS OF RSA •Fatigue from repeat efforts is inversely correlated to initial sprint performance •Limitations in energy supply, which include energy available from phosphocreatine hydrolysis, anaerobic glycolysis and oxidative metabolism, and the intramuscular accumulation of metabolic by- products, such as hydrogen ions are key factors in performance decrement •Neural factors (magnitude and strategy of recruitment) are related to fatigue •Stiffness regulation, hypoglycemia, muscle damage and environmental conditions may also compromise repeat sprint ability (Bishop et al, 2011)
  • 72. 1. Include traditional sprint training to improve an athlete’s capacity in a single sprint effort 2. Some high intensity interval training is beneficial to improve the athlete’s ability to recover between sprint efforts. (Bishop et al, 2011) TRAINING RSA
  • 73. RSA Training Guidelines Intensity: 95-100% Reps: 10-30m Volume: <300m total Work:Rest Ratio: 1:5-10 Frequency: 1-2x / week RSA is addressed indirectly through other training methods but specific training is also recommended
  • 74. Off-Season • Aerobic qualities must be in place first • Speed should be emphasized over RSA • Immediately prior to the season dedicated RSA work may be useful
  • 75. In-Season • Very little is necessary • HIIT + speed training may help preserve
  • 76. WORK CAPACITY is often overlooked but plays an important role in developing speed & power Body Weight Strength General Endurance Circuits Weight Circuits Kettlebell Complexes Med Ball Circuits
  • 77. Understand Game Requirements Use the Correct Tool for the job Follow Best Practice Session Guidelines Keep the Goal the Goal Consider Logistics. Balance Art & Science.