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德國鑑定調解會制度
• 1975年起,設置於醫師公會,免費進⾏行,案量逐年增加
• 先鑑定、後調解,成員包括醫界與法界
• 鑑定會先提出鑑定報告,⾄至少⼀一位醫師委員背景和受申訴
醫師相同
• 調解會再就民事責任提出意⾒見
• ⾃自願性原則:醫病皆可提出聲請、但開始進⾏行需經醫病雙⽅方
同意
• 無拘束性原則:鑑調會決定不拘束法院跟醫病雙⽅方
「⼀一起讀判決」整理⾃自林鈺雄,「初探德國醫療糾紛鑑定調解會制
度-兼論解決醫療糾紛之⽴立法原則」,⽉月旦法學雜誌217,2013年6⽉月
鑑調聲請佔醫糾案件四分之⼀一
• 德國⼀一年約有四億次診療
• 每年約有四萬件醫療糾紛案件,佔診療次數的萬分之⼀一
• 約⼀一萬件向鑑調會提出聲請
• 其餘三萬件,多數由醫療保險機構解決,少數病⽅方採取
司法途徑=>醫療責任保險制度扮演重要⾓角⾊色
「⼀一起讀判決」整理⾃自林鈺雄,「初探德國醫療糾紛鑑定調解會制
度-兼論解決醫療糾紛之⽴立法原則」,⽉月旦法學雜誌217,2013年6⽉月
2011年德國鑑定調解會
判定有疏失約四分之⼀一
備註:
1. 2011年鑑調會共受理11,107件,做成11,033件,
其中7,452件做成實質決定。
2. 未做成實質決定係指程序上不合規定,⽐比如申請
前已經提起訴訟。69%
5%
26%
有醫療疏失(1,901件)
有醫療疏失/無因果關係(386件)
無醫療疏失(5,165件)
「⼀一起讀判決」整理⾃自林鈺雄,「初探德國醫療糾紛鑑定調解會制
度-兼論解決醫療糾紛之⽴立法原則」,⽉月旦法學雜誌217,2013年6⽉月
判定有疏失案件
3%⾛走⼊入法院
• 86%病⽅方直接由保險獲得
給付
• 11%判定醫⽅方有疏失,但
病患卻不要賠償
• 3%⾛走⼊入法院
11%
3%
86%
保險給付 法院途徑 無後續⾏行動
「⼀一起讀判決」整理⾃自林鈺雄,「初探德國醫療糾紛鑑定調解會制
度-兼論解決醫療糾紛之⽴立法原則」,⽉月旦法學雜誌217,2013年6⽉月
2011年鑑定調解會

受理案件之診療地點
其他(如診所)
28%
醫院
72%
• 醫院醫師6,130⼈人次
• 其他(如診所)醫師2,363
⼈人次
• 鑑調會每件聲請⾄至多申訴
4名醫師
「⼀一起讀判決」整理⾃自林鈺雄,「初探德國醫療糾紛鑑定調解會制
度-兼論解決醫療糾紛之⽴立法原則」,⽉月旦法學雜誌217,2013年6⽉月
2011年鑑調會

受理醫師之科別統計
醫院
⼈人數 ⽐比例
創傷外科/⾻骨科 1977 32.3%
⼀一般外科 1003 16.4%
內科 461 7.5%
婦科 394 6.4%
神經外科 252 4.1%
⿇麻醉科、加護科 234 3.8%
泌尿科 213 3.5%
助產科 196 3.2%
神經科 146 2.4%
⽿耳鼻喉科 144 2.3%
其他 1110 18.1%
其他(如診所)
⼈人數 ⽐比例
創傷外科/⾻骨科 573 21.8%
家醫科 320 12.2%
⼀一般外科 243 9.3%
內科 201 7.7%
婦科 152 5.8%
眼科 150 5.7%
放射科 129 4.9%
泌尿科 99 3.8%
⽪皮膚、性病科 92 3.5%
⽿耳鼻喉科 80 3.0%
其他 597 22.7%

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林鈺雄「初探德國醫療糾紛鑑定調解會制度」整理