Film Language: Camera angles and shot size introduction for Film Studies. Also great for revision and looking at film language associated with cinematography.
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A long PDF that has been used to introduce GCSE Film Students to the complicated process of identifying and explaining the use of camera shot sizes and angles. This is a fairly detailed series of slides which I have used in school for a couple of classes now. As it is a PDF the clips do not play but where possible I've labelled what the film is. Similarly, as it was designed to be used in lessons the overall 'structure' is somewhat disjointed and is missing slides that includes answers or ideas that were discussed in lessons. In order to help where possible, I've included large versions of worksheets so that these can be clipped and printed out if necessary. Many thanks for taking a look and please feel free to take a look at my other uploads as you will find plenty there on other aspects of Film Studies.
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Film Language: Camera angles and shot size introduction for Film Studies. Also great for revision and looking at film language associated with cinematography.
- 2. THE IMPORTANCE OF CAMERA ANGLES • When we watch a film, we are being shown what the Director wants us to see. We do not see everything in that world or the scene in which the characters exist. • In these examples, the Director choses to focus in on two people having coffee. It doesn’t show the people behind, people selling flowers down the street or even someone buying a drink inside. This shows us that these two are who we should pay attention to; they are our main characters. • We know this because they are broadly central in the frame and they are in focus; in contrast, some people are blurred and out of focus.
- 3. THE IMPORTANCE OF CAMERA ANGLES
- 4. THE IMPORTANCE OF CAMERA ANGLES • The Director now has some decisions to make; what to show and how? • The story will mean that certain things need to be shown on screen but the Director can choose how to show this. • This is why we have a variety of camera angles and shots sizes.
- 5. SAME SCENE: DIFFERENT ANGLES
- 6. WHY DOES THE ANGLE CHANGE? WHAT DOES THE DIRECTOR WANT YOU TO PAY ATTENTION TO?
- 7. CHANGE OF SHOT HELPS US TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS GOING ON
- 8. CHANGE OF SHOT HELPS US TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS GOING ON THE SECOND SHOT SHOWS US WHO IS DRAWING
- 9. THIS SHOT SHOWS US WHO ISN’T DRAWING WHAT DOES IT ALSO TELL US?
- 10. WHAT HAS THE DIRECTOR DONE WITH THE CAMERA?
- 11. SEE HOW THE BACKGROUND & HER CLOTHES TELL US THAT THIS IS THE SAME SCENE
- 12. SEE HOW THE BACKGROUND & HER CLOTHES TELL US THAT THIS IS THE SAME SCENE
- 13. WHAT HAS THE DIRECTOR DONE HERE WITH THE CAMERA?
- 14. WHY DO YOU THINK THE DIRECTOR HAS DONE THIS? WHAT IS THE DIRECTOR TRYING TO SHOW OR TELL US?
- 15. HERE’S HOW IT LOOKS ALL TOGETHER: Movie clip
- 16. • If the Director wants the audience to see where the scene is now set or taking place, which shot would be better: Extreme long shot Close-up or… THE IMPORTANCE OF CAMERA ANGLES
- 17. • If the Director wants the audience to see where the scene is now set or taking place, which shot would be better: Extreme long shot Close-up or… THE IMPORTANCE OF CAMERA ANGLES Why?
- 18. copy down these next slide:
- 19. FRAMING INVOLVES TWO ELEMENTS • The shot size: how far away the person or object is that the director wants us to focus on. • The camera angle: where the camera is in relation to the person or object that the director wants us to focus on.
- 20. SHOT SIZES: • The shot size: how far away the person or object is that the director wants us to focus on.
- 22. SHOT SIZES:Extreme long shot Long shot Medium Long Shot Mid/Medium Shot Mid/Medium Close Up Close Up Big Close Up Extreme Close Up XLS LS MLS MS MCU CU BCU XCU
- 23. Shot Shot name Effect How could be used in a film ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET
- 24. Shot Shot name Effect How could be used in a film ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET
- 25. TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET
- 26. Shot Shot name Effect How could be used in a film ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET! Extreme'Close,Up!–!When!the!screen!is!taken!up!by!an!image!made!of!nothing!but!the!image.!This!is!often!done!to!subject’s!faces!when!showing! reactions!or!when!highlighting!detail.!! ! Medium'Long'Shot','In!the!case!of!a!standing!actor,!the!lower!frame!line!cuts!off!his!feet!and!ankles.!Some!documentaries!with!social!themes!favour! keeping!people!in!the!longer!shots,!keeping!social!circumstances!rather!than!the!individual!as!the!focus!of!attention.! Close,up','A!shot!that!shows!a!fairly!small!part!of!the!scene,!such!as!a!character's!face,!in!great!detail!so!that!it!fills!the!screen.!It!abstracts!the!subject! from!a!context.!! ! Extreme'Long'Shot'!D!In!this!type!of!shot!the!camera!is!at!its!furthest!distance!from!the!subject,!emphasising!the!background.!! Medium'Shot'or'Mid,Shot''D!In!such!a!shot!the!subject!or!actor!and!its!setting!occupy!roughly!equal!areas!in!the!frame.!In!the!case!of!the!standing! actor,!the!lower!frame!passes!through!the!waist.!There!is!space!for!hand!gestures!to!be!seen.!! Medium'Close'Shot!D!The!setting!can!still!be!seen.!The!lower!frame!line!passes!through!the!chest!of!the!actor;!usually!just!the!head!and!shoulders!can! be!seen.' Big'Close,Up!D!Forehead!to!chin.!CloseDups!focus!attention!on!a!person's!feelings!or!reactions,!and!are!sometimes!used!in!interviews!to!show!people!in! a!state!of!emotional!excitement,!grief!or!joy.!In!interviews,!the!use!of!BCUs!may!emphasise!the!interviewee's!tension!and!suggest!lying!or!guilt.!! ! Long'shot','Shot!which!shows!all!or!most!of!a!fairly!large!subject!(for!example,!a!person)!and!usually!much!of!the!surroundings.!
- 27. Shot Shot name Effect How could be used in a film ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET Whatdoesusingthisshotsizedofortheaudience? Whatdoesittellthem? Howdoesithelpthemtounderstand?
- 28. EFFECT: HELP •What does this long shot help us to see? •What do we learn? •What is the effect of using a long shot?
- 29. EFFECT: HELP •What does this medium shot help us to see? •What do we learn? What does it tell us about the character? •What is the effect of using a long shot?
- 30. EFFECT: HELP •What does this close-up help us to see? •What do we learn? What does it tell us about the character? •What is the effect of using a long shot?
- 31. Shot Shot name Effect How could be used in a film ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET If youweregoingtomakeafilmandhadtouse thattypeof shot,whatwoulditshow?Why? Whatkindof thingcouldyousee?
- 32. CAMERA ANGLES •The camera angle: where the camera is in relation to the person or object that the director wants us to focus on.
- 33. CAMERA ANGLES Low Eye Level High Worm’s Eye Bird’s Eye Canted Over the shoulder (OTS)
- 34. CAMERA ANGLES Low Eye Level High Worm’s Eye Bird’s Eye Canted Over the shoulder (OTS) Whereisthecamerain relationtothemain characterforeachof these?
- 35. Shot Shot name Effect How could be used in a film ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET
- 36. Shot Shot name Effect How could be used in a film ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! TASK: COMPLETE THE WORKSHEET Draw whatan OTSshot lookslike.
- 37. DO NOW PLEASE • Cut out the screenshots. • Glue into your exercise book. • Add what the dramatic effect is for each. • Label each with the correct angle & size.
- 38. TASK: SORT THE SHOTS
- 39. TASK: SORT THE SHOTS • Go to quizlet.com • https://quizlet.com/_2fabtx • Create an account. Make sure that you can remember your details. • Play the camera angle/shot size Scatter game. • Aim for first prize.
- 40. Using detailed stick figures, draw a picture that suits the description of the camera angles. TASK: CREATE PICTURES OF THE CAMERA ANGLES/SHOT SIZES
- 41. CAMERA ANGLES HIGH LOW CANTED EYE LEVEL BIRD’S EYE WORM’S EYE over the shoulder Camera is above the subject Camera is below the subject Subject appears tilted Level with the subject’s eyes Camera is high in the air, looking directly down on the subject Camera is low on the ground, looking up at subject camera looks over the shoulder of one character, usually at another
- 42. shot size extra long shot Long shot Medium long shot medium/mid shot medium close-up close-up big close- up extreme close-up Subject is far away Whole of subject can be seen top of head to thighs Top of head to waist top of head to chest top of head to shoulders whole head part of face takes up the whole screen
- 43. what do these screenshots all have in common? to begin:
- 44. for each one, what can we see? what do we learn? what is the director trying to tell us?
- 52. Long shot? Extreme long shot?
- 53. Why this shot size? What is the dramatic effect?
- 56. Why this shot size? What is the dramatic effect?
- 58. Why this shot size? What is the dramatic effect?
- 61. Why this shot size? What is the dramatic effect?
- 64. Why this shot size? What is the dramatic effect?
- 67. Why this shot size? What is the dramatic effect?
- 70. Why this shot size? What is the dramatic effect?
- 71. Who would like to share their ideas?
- 72. SPOTTING A CAMERA ANGLE • This isn’t easy. • You need to pay attention to a scene and watch carefully. • Many films move quickly and often a camera will move too. • This means that sometimes, to find a camera angle you need to ‘pause’ the film in your mind.
- 73. SPOTTING A CAMERA ANGLE • Or, you can pay particular attention to the beginning of a scene, or when the action stops for a moment. • Watch this clip and see if you can spot ANY camera angle or shot size. Aim to find 3. • Make a note of these on your note paper.
- 74. EXPLAINING USE OF CAMERA ANGLES • Watching the clips back, take screenshots of the 3 camera angles and use the NOTES app to annotate over the top of the image. • What is the camera angle or shot size? • What does it tell us or show the audience?
- 75. clip 1
- 76. Movie clip: Ex Machina
- 79. Movie clip: Edge of Tomorrow
- 81. Watch again, this time make notes on at least 3 different shots [ camera angles or shot sizes ] that you think are important or relevant in some way.
- 82. Finally, in your book, try to write a 3 sentence explanation of how a shot communicates that this scene tells us that Marty is small, quick and bright but Biff tall, large and dumb.
- 83. (Point) “In this clip we see…(something shot size or angle) of the character who is” (Evidence) “We see this shot when … and is used to show…” (Explanation) “This shot helps the audience to feel/understand … because…”
- 84. begin: What shot size/angles are these?
- 90. now: What is the dramatic effect?
- 91. less: “it shows” more: “it suggests” / “it implies”
- 92. verbs t o em bed evi denc e p o r t r a ys su ggest s a l l u des t o i l l u st r a t es i m p l i es i n di c a t es si gni fi es r e p r e s e n t s develo ps r e v e a l s dem o nst ra t es a sc er t a i ns c o n st r u c t s est a bli sh es epi t o m i ses
- 99. Watch this clip. In your book, write down 2 PEE answers that explain how camera angles help to tell us something.
- 100. clip 1:
- 101. Movie clip: A Million Ways to Die in the West
- 102. (Point) “In this clip we see a…(something shot size or angle) of the character who is” (Evidence) “We see this shot when … and is used to show…” (Explanation) “This shot helps the audience to feel/understand … because…”
- 103. (shot size or angle) “In this clip we see a… (something shot size or angle) of the character who is” (What it shows) “We see this shot when … and is used to show…” (Dramatic explanation) “This shot helps the audience to feel/understand … because…”
- 104. (Point) “In this clip we see a…(something shot size or angle) of the character who is” (Evidence) “We see this shot when … and is used to show…” (Explanation) “This shot helps the audience to feel/understand … because…”
- 105. TO HELP, HERE ARE SOME STILLS TAKEN FROM THE CLIP:
- 114. clip 2- advanced:
- 115. Watch this clip. In your book, write down 2 PEE answers that explain how camera angles help to tell us something.
- 116. remember: start by considering what the point of the clip is: what do we learn or how do we feel? then, find examples of shots that help to create this knowledge or feeling.
- 117. this scene: portrays suggests alludes illustrates impl ie s ind ica t es s ignifies re pre se nts develops re ve al s de monstrates ascertains c ons tructs establishe s epitomises
- 118. Movie clip: Back to the Future 2
- 119. include: make up body l anguage setting pr ops faci al expr essions c lo t hing position in the frame lighting hair colour