What is a Project and Project Management? This presentation helps you to gain more knowledge about how to manage a project and helps in understanding the Project Life Cycle.

1. Project Management

2. What is a Project?
 It is a group of unique, inter-related activities that
are planned and executed in a certain sequence to
create a unique product and services within a
specific time frame, scope and budget.
 The Project Management Institute (U.S.A.) has
defined project as,
‘’a combination of human and non - human
resources, pooled together in a temporary
organization to achieve a specific purpose’’.

3. What is Project Management?
• Project management is a system of procedures, practices,
technologies and know-how that enables the planning,
organizing, staffing, directing and controlling necessary
to successfully manage a project.
• The primary challenge of project management is to
achieve all of the project goals and objectives while
honoring the preconceived constraints.
• Typical constraints are scope, time and budget. The
secondary—and more ambitious—challenge is
to optimize the allocation and integrate the inputs
necessary to meet pre-defined objectives.

4. Project Manager:
• A project manager is the person responsible for
supervising a systems project from initiation to
conclusion.

5. Project characteristics:
 Objective
 Unique activities
 Attainment of specific goal
 Specified time
 Interrelated activities
 Life-cycle
 Sequences of activities

6. Project Parameters:
 Scope
 Quality
 Time
 Cost
 Resources

7. Functions of Project
Management:
• Scoping – setting the boundaries of the project
• Planning – identifying the tasks required to complete
the project
• Estimating – identifying resources required to complete
the project
• Scheduling – developing a plan to complete the project
• Organizing – making sure members understand their
roles and responsibilities

8. Functions of Project
Management:
• Directing – coordinating the project
• Controlling – monitoring progress
• Closing – assessing success and failure

9. Measures of project success:
The resulting information system is acceptable
to the customers (e.g. users, managers).
 The system was delivered ‚on time.‛
 The system was delivered ‚within budget.‛

10. Measures of project failure:
 Failure to establish upper-management
commitment to the project
 Lack of organization’s commitment to the
methodology
 Taking shortcuts through or around the
methodology
 Poor Project management:
Feature creep
Scope creep

11. Project Life Cycle

12. What is Project Life Cycle?
• The attention that a project receives isn’t uniformly
distributed throughout its life span but varies from
phase to phase.
• Most projects pass through the following five phases,
which tend to overlap at times:
Conceptio Definition Planning
Implementatio
Clean up
n n

13. Significance of Project Life
Cycle:
It defines:
The phases of the project (time)
The work performed in each phase (work)
The input and output of each phase (result)
The milestone of each phase (end sign)

14. Project Life Cycle – Timeline:

15. Conception/Initiation Phase:
• Conception is the phase during which the project
idea finds genesis and germinates, out of:
 the need to solve a problem,
 the observance of one’s environment,
 the drive to innovate something new.
• This phase is essential and if flawed, it may lead to
defective and dysfunctional projects.
• A well conceived project goes a long way towards
successful implementation and operation.

16. Definition Phase:
• The definition phase of the project involves
developing the idea generated during Conception
phase.
• It produces a document describing the project in
sufficient detail, covering all necessary aspects
like the manpower, materials, machinery, layout,
utilities and feasibility.
• It clears most of the ambiguities and
uncertainties about the formation made in the
previous phase.

17. Planning Phase:
• This phase starts almost immediately after the
conception phase and overlaps with both
definition and implementation phases.
• This phase involves the preparation for the
project to take – off smoothly and effects many
decisions related to the ‘project basics’.
• It involves both Core planning and facilitating
planning.

18. Core Planning:
Scope Definition
Activity Definition
Activity Sequencing
Activity Duration Estimating
Schedule Development
Resource Planning
Cost Estimating
Cost Budgeting
Project Plan Development

19. Facilitating Planning:
Quality Planning
Organizational Planning
Staff Acquisition
Communications Planning

20. Implementation Phase:
• This phase is a period of ‘’hectic activity’’. During this
period, the idea starts materializing physically and
tangibly and for the first time, the project can be seen off
the paper.
• Usually, 80-85 percent of the project work is done in this
phase using all techniques of project management.
• The various sub – phases of this phase, which often
overlap, are as following:
Commissioni
Engineering Procurement Construction
ng

21. Implementation Phase: (Contd)
 Project Plan Execution
 Complete Work Packages
 Information Distribution
 Scope Verification
 Quality Assurance Team Development
 Progress Meetings
 Information Distribution
 Source Selection
 Contract Administration

22. Controlling:
• Controls are performed to regularly measure
project performance, to adjust project plans and
take preventive actions in anticipation of
possible problems.

23. Clean – up/Termination
Phase:
• This is the transition phase in which the project is
handed over to the operators and/or agencies
responsible for maintaining it.
• This phase is a clean – up task in which all project
accounts are closed, Outstanding payments are
settled and dues are collected.
• All previous phases involve compartmentalized
disposition of the project personnel and that task
is winded - down in this phase.

24. Clean – up Phase: (Contd)
• Administrative Closure – generating necessary
information to formally recognize phase or project
completion.
• Contract Close-out – completion and delivery of
project deliverables and resolving open issues. It
includes:
Purchase Audits
Product Verification
Formal Acceptance
Lessons Learnt
Update of Records
Archives of Records
Releasing the Project Team

25. Synopsis:

27. Presented By:
PGDBM
– Sec ‘A’

28. Queries: