2. quot;WHO would like to provide its 191
Member States with irrefutable
evidence that air pollution causes
disproportionately heavy burden of
diseasequot;
Dr Michael Repacholi
WHO Coordinator,
Occupational and Environmental Health.
3. Air Pollution
It is defined as any atmospheric
condition in which certain
substances are present in such
concentrations that they produce
undesirable effects on humans and
environment.
4. Sources of air pollution :
Natural - Dust storms, volcanoes, foods,
lightning, etc.
Man-made - industrial activities,
automobile exhausts.
agricultural,
domestic conditions,
5.
6. Pollutants of air :
Particulate pollutants -
are solids or liquids with size
< 100 microns that remain suspended
in the atmosphere.
Dust
Fumes
Smoke
Mist
Fog
Bacteria
Gaseous - Toxic and poisonous
e.g. CO, chlorine, NH3, H2S, SO2, NO2, CO2.
7. Major Pollutants
Ozone Transient damage
Permanent damage
-accelerated aging of the lung
Carbon monoxide
- heart disease
- lung diseases
- central nervous system
response to external stimuli
(symptoms similar of flu)
- Normal individual during strenuous
work
8. Nitrogen Dioxide
Short term - respiratory infections
trigger asthma
lung function
respiratory irritation
Long-term -
chronic damage (emphysema)
Suppression of immune system
ability to fight off bacterial & viral infections
body's ability to generate antibodies
ability to remove foreign particles
9. Lead
- Nerve damage
IQ
perceptual motor skills
- Anemia
- Kidney damage
- High blood pressure
10. Sulfur dioxide
- Trigger asthma especially in children
sulfur dioxide affects adults and children differently
and that chronic and acute effects may also be
different
11. Particulate Matter
Diesel - Cancer
- Asthmatic attacks in children
- Eye and throat irritation
- Headache
- Lightheadedness
- Nausea
- Perception of unpleasant odors
- Lung inflammation.
13. Around 30-40% of cases of
asthma and 20-30% of all
respiratory diseases may be
linked to air pollution
14. - increased acute respiratory diseases
- lowered lung function in children
- increased sickness rates;
- increases in mortality
15. why specially in children
- Children spend more time
- outdoors
especially in the summertime when
ozone levels are the highest
- engaged in vigorous activity
- Have a higher breathing rate
- Not likely to receive / understand the
biological warnings
- Breathe through mouth also
- Have narrower airways
- Impairment of the lung's ability to
defend itself
19. Keep an eye on child’s health
Look for warning signs
share observations with pediatrician.
Asthmatic child
recognize triggers and avoid them
on bad air days they react more
strongly to triggers than usual
20. Make indoor environment quot;lung healthyquot;
Smoke-free
regular cleaning
leaks or moisture problems
21. Keep track of air pollution levels
limit the outdoor time in vigorous play
during unhealthy airtime
Plan the most strenuous activities for
the early morning hours
Keep outdoor activities away from busy
roadways and other sources of
pollution.
Make child’s guides aware of the health risks
of air pollution, and frame policies
22. Proper disposal of waste
- dry leaves, old tyres,
plastics & garbage
Shift to cleaner fuels
- vehicle, cooking
Save enegry
- decrease fuel consumption
Diwali
Speak out in support of clean air
