This document provides an overview of gout, including defining it as a medical condition characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis. Key points discussed include the signs and symptoms of pain, swelling and redness in affected joints; causes such as high uric acid levels in the blood which can be due to genetics, diet or medications; risk factors and complications; diagnosis through tests of synovial fluid, blood and x-rays; management through medications, diet changes and nursing care focused on pain management, mobility and anxiety reduction.

1. Gout
Presented by Imran khan
BSc nursing year II semester IV
Khyber medical University Peshawar

2. objectives
• At the end of my presentation the student
will be able to:
• Define Gout disease.
• Enlist the signs and symptoms.
• Discus the causes of the disease.
• Enlist the risk factors of the disease
• discus the pathophysiology of the disease.

3. objectives
• Enlist the complication of the disease.
• diagnose the disease.
• Describe the management of the disease.
• Discus the epidemiology of the disease.
• Formulate the nursing diagnoses and
nursing intervention.

4. Definition:
‘’ Gout is a medical condition usually
characterized by recurrent attacks of acute
inflammatory arthritis’’
• Also known is Podagra.( when big toe OF
THE leg are involved)

5. Signs and symptoms
• Signs and symptoms include:
a. Pain, swelling, warmth and tenderness at
the affected joint.
b. reddish skin around the affected joint.
c. Limited movement.
d. Itching of the skin around the affected
joint.
e. Usually acute pain at night time.

7. causes
• High level of ureic acid in the blood
cause gout disease.
• inherited factors (genes) may also seem
to play a role. (mutation in some genes
encode protein which carry uric acid to
the site of excreation)

8. Risk factors
• Eating a diet rich with purine.
Eg: meat and seafood.
• Certain medicine:
eg: diuretics.
• Some disease.
eg: Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome or Lesch- Nyhan
syndrome.( difficiency of posphorybosylposphatase
synthytase, hypoxainthain-guvanine
phosphorybosyltransferase enzyme: regulate uric acid
level in blood)
• Having a family history of gout

9. pathophysiology
• Hypoxanthine uric acid
hyperurecemia urate
crystallization of urate in the joint
GOUT
Pain , swelling, redness,
tenderness

11. diagnoses
• Synovial fluid aspiration.
• Blood test.
• WBC
• ESR
• RFTs
• X-ray.

12. complication
The person suffered by Gout is at increased
risk of:
• Hypertension
• Diabetes.
• neuropathy
• Cardiovascular disease.
Although these relationship are not fully
well understood.

13. N P management
• Foods that have very high purine levels
including hearts, liver, and kidney should be
avoided.
• Advice to take low-fat or non-fat dairy
products. Dairy products are relatively low in
dietary purines. Milk also contains uricosuric
factors, such as orotic acid, which may
promote renal uric acid excretion.

14. P management
• NSAIDS
• Colchicine.
• Steroid. corticosteroids
• Xanthine oxidase inhibitor eg: block the action of
xainthain oxydase enzyme. eg Allopurinol.
• Uricosuric drugs: (inhibit the reabsorption of uric
acid from the PCT of the kidney. eg Probenecid,
Benzbromarone.
• Uricoslytics:(convert uric acid into water soluble
compound)
Eg: Pegloticase, Rasburicase.

16. Epidemiology
• Gouts affect around 1-2% of western
population.
• Rates of Gout have approximately double B/w
1990 and 2010 due to change in diet and an
increase in Gout associated diseases.
• the people of America and New Zealand are
mostly affected.
• Some studies show that attack of gout occur in
spring season.

18. Nursing diagnoses
• Acute pain r/t tissue damage s/t gout.
• Impaird physical mobility r/t inflamation
of the joints.
• Anxaity r/t disease process.

19. Nursing intervention
• Administer the prescribed NSAIDS.
• Advice proper method for exercise.
• mind diversion therapy.

20. Summary

21. Any ? •
If you are doing GOOD
work, don’t STOP.
Press ON and keep
working, no matter
what other say or
how much they