1.
Bangalore’s water resources

2.
A common sight

3.
Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/jpjoshi/4616108862/ We see enough of this too

4.
Is there a water problem in the city?

5.
How much do we know at a local level <ul><li>Population? </li></ul><ul><li>Approximately how much water is supplied to the city? </li></ul><ul><li>What are the sources of water supply? </li></ul><ul><li>What % of water comes from these 2 major sources? </li></ul><ul><li>Approximately how much water is lost? </li></ul><ul><li>What’s the extent of the shortfall? </li></ul><ul><li>How many water treatment plants does the city have? </li></ul><ul><li>How much water is treated on a daily basis? </li></ul><ul><li>How much sewage is generated on a daily basis? </li></ul><ul><li>How many sewage treatment plants are there in the city? </li></ul>

6.
1991 4.5 million 2001 5.76 million 2011 7.9 million 8 million by 2011 Source: Dept of Economics and Statistics, Govt of Karnataka; statistics for Bangalore Urban district

7.
Is what we consume 21% met by groundwater (250 MLD) 79% met by surface water (900 MLD) Losses = 43% 400 million litres /day 5 functional water treatment plants 4 Cauvery, 1 TG Halli (Arkavathy) 1150 million litres per day

8.
Water supply per capita <ul><li>CPHEEO (Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization) suggests that water supply for metro cities should be 150 lpcd (litres per capita per day) </li></ul><ul><li>Existing supply is 110 - 120 lpcd </li></ul>Source: www.bwssb.org

9.
Demand – supply gap Even after the final stage of Cauvery water supply is implemented, Supply = 1500 MLD <ul><ul><li>Demand by 2011 = 1576 MLD </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Present supply = 900 MLD </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Deficit = 676 MLD </li></ul></ul>

10.
Sewage 920 MLD generated No. of working STPs (sewage treatment plants) 12 secondary treatment plants + 4 tertiary treatment plants 720 MLD treated

11.
Where does the treated and untreated sewage go? To the Vrishabhavati and Ponniyar basins. Downstream of Bangalore, these would be freshwater sources

12.
Water from the Vrishabhavati and Ponniyar basins are also used for agriculture, downstream of Bangalore Where does the treated and untreated sewage go?

13.
Other ramifications

14.
and climbs a fair amount too Our water travels a long distance

15.
Energy Three stages of pumping Cost of getting us the water = Rs 18/kl Domestic customers pay = Rs 6 - 36/kl

16.
Has this been the case from ages?

17.
A city of tanks and lakes We were

19.
A city of bus stands, bazaars, stadiums Dharmambudi tank Challaghatta tank Koramangala tank Sampangi tank Siddikatte lake Karanji tank Chennamma tank Kempambudhi tank Akkithimmanahalli tank Miller tank we are

20.
Dharmambudi tank - Majestic Bus depot Challaghatta tank - KGA Golf course Koramangala Tank - National Games village Sampangi tank - Kanteerava stadium Siddikatte lake - City market Karanji tank - Gandhi bazaar area Chennamma tank - a burial ground Kempambudhi - a sewerage collection tank Akkithimmanahalli tank - Hockey Stadium Miller Tank - Guru Nanak Bhavan, schools, and several buildings.

21.
<ul><ul><li>The city is growing </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Tanks are disappearing </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Tanks that exist receive sewage that cannot be handled by sewage </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>treatment plants </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Municipal water supply is inadequate to meet the growing needs </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Unsustainable extraction of groundwater </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Groundwater tables have fallen </li></ul></ul>Today North Bangalore worst affected – 300 m Every year more than 2 m drop in water table

22.
Other problems <ul><li>Hydraulics network is over 50 years old </li></ul><ul><li>100 years old in some areas. </li></ul><ul><li>95% wastage through leaks </li></ul>

23.
Impacts

24.
Unequal distribution Ill health Cholera Typhoid Jaundice Dengue Dysentery

25.
Periodic flooding in low-lying areas that have been built on earlier tank-beds

26.
Water disputes

27.
What can we do ? <ul><li>Can we run away from this problem? </li></ul><ul><li>Can we move to another place? </li></ul>

28.
India – status and projections 1 / 6 of World’s Population 1 / 25 of world’s Freshwater Resources Source: TERI

29.
Mismatch between regions of large population and available freshwater resources Global Fresh Water Stress By 2025 2 / 3 of the world’s population estimated to be underwater-stress conditions. 3 billion people may be affected by water scarcity . Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/21.htm#21b

30.
What can we do ? <ul><li>Rainwater harvesting </li></ul><ul><li>Water audit </li></ul><ul><li>Reduce wastage </li></ul><ul><li>Fix leaks </li></ul><ul><li>Spread knowledge and awareness </li></ul><ul><li>Work on interesting projects that give a better understanding – observe and analyze </li></ul>

31.
BWSSB’s plans <ul><li>Promote rainwater harvesting </li></ul><ul><li>Recycle and reuse of wastewater for non potable uses </li></ul><ul><li>Dual piping system for new layouts </li></ul><ul><li>Restoration of lakes to improve ground water table </li></ul>