Overview of which LPWAN technologies (LoRa, Sigfox, Weightless, etc.) are right for various IoT applications. Clear look at the pros and cons of each technology.
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LPWAN for IoT
1. Deep Dive: Which LPWAN
Technology is Right for IoT?
Kannan D.R. โ CEO
Dave Sheehan โ Strategic Marketing Director
2. Connectivity Use Cases in IoT
Diverse use cases and
solutions that encompass
competing requirements:
โข Bandwidth
โข Latency
โข Power Use (Battery)
โข Remoteness
โข Reliability
โข Device to device
โข Device to cloud
โข Cloud to device
Clustered Assets Remote Control Remote Sensor
Personal Area
Network
Mobile Devices Ethernet WiFi
3. Connectivity Options for IoT
Existing Technologies
strongly address short-
range and long-range,
high-power cases
Business Cases
many long-range
technologies are expensive
and only use public
networks
IoT Technologies
optimized for their task -
communication aspects
must be, too
Short Range High
Speed
Short Range
Moderate Speed
Long Range High
Power Long Range Low Power
โข Ethernet
โข Wi-Fi
โข 802.15.4
โข ZigBee
โข ZWave
โข Bluetooth
โข Thread
โข Cellular
โข Satellite
โข Microwave
4. Supplemental Selection Factors
Usage Models/Licensing
โข SIGFOX โ Required to utilize their public network
โข LoRa โ Proprietary physical layer but open MAC
โข Weightless โ Entirely open
Regional Regulatory Differences
โข Example: In Europe, an 868 MHz ISM gateway cannot transmit more than 10% of the time.
โข Example: LoRaWAN in Japan/Korea require use of the 433 MHz band with specific spacing
requirements
Upstream/Downstream Biases
โข Example: SIGFOX is nearly entirely upstream so use is typically limited to sensor networks
โข Example: LoRaWAN has three device classes supporting different balances of
upstream/downstream data
Hardware/Network Availability
Sources: SIGFOX, Lora Alliance, Weightless SIG, Link Labs
5. โข Public and private networks
โข Great use of spectrum
โข Good hardware availability
โข Excellent link budget and
performance in varied
environments
โข Easy/quick product
development
โข Well capitalized and good
network availability
โข Inexpensive
LPWAN โ Pros/Cons
โข Private and public networks
โข Excellent bi-directional
communication
โข Scalable base stations
โข Good bandwidth utilization
Pros
โข Private and public networks
โข MAC & network layers are
open
โข Good hardware availability
โข Flexible for broad uses
โข Inexpensive
โข Excellent battery life
Pros Pros Pros
โข Proprietary PHY layer
โข Transceivers only available
from Semtech
โข High downstream latency
Cons
โข Must use public network
โข Very limited data transfer
โข Use is limited and caters to
sensor networks, status
monitoring, etc.
Cons
โข High latency
โข Very low speed
โข Less flexibility than LoRa,
Weightless
Cons
โข Works in crowded 2.4 GHz
band
โข Higher frequency less
penetrable
Cons
6. โข Wide channels (5MHz) leads to
high data rates (10Mbps)
โข Little contention for spectrum
โข Great range and signal
penetration
โข Open standard
โข Bi-directional communication
โข Variable data rates offer
flexibility (200bps-100kbps)
โข Open standard
LPWAN โ Pros/Cons
โข Supported whitespace
technology with good hardware
availability
โข Flexible to adapt data rates
and communication
directionality
โข Mobile device support
Pros
โข Very similar to SIGFOX โ great
for sensor networks
โข Good urban range
โข Open standard
Pros Pros Pros
โข Upstream data only
โข Very slow (100bps)
Cons
โข Limited hardware availability
โข Wider channels offer slightly
less scalability than Weightless-
N
โข Limited communication range
Cons
โข Differing country-specific
regulations on use of
whitespace
โข Slow adoption leads to lower
support in the marketplace
Cons
โข Differing country-specific
regulations on use of
whitespace
Cons