government dental college and hospital vijayawada

1. Contacts and Contours
Dr. Jagadeesh. K
P.G 3rd
year

2. Contents
• Contacts and contours of teeth
• Marginal ridges.
• Proximal contact areas
• Interproximal space
• Embrasures
• Contact areas and occlusal embrasures from the buccal and
labial aspect of maxillary and mandibular teeth

3. • Hazards of faulty reproduction of physioanatomical
features of teeth
• Procedures for formulation of proper contacts and
contours.
• Wedges
• Matrices
• Conclusion
• References

6. INTRODUCTION
• From the cariogenic aspect there may be only 20 occlusal
surfaces but there are 60 contacting proximal and 64 facial and
lingual surfaces that are susceptible to decay in the full
complement of teeth.
• Decay on the proximal however, occurs mainly due to the faulty
interrelationship between the contact areas, the marginal ridges,
the embrasures, and the gingiva.

7. Contact area
• Proximal contact area denotes the area of proximal height of
contour of mesial or distal surfaces of a tooth that touches or
contacts its adjacent tooth in the same arch.
• When the teeth erupt to make proximal contact with
previously erupted teeth, these is initially a contact point.
This contact point becomes an area because of wear of one
proximal surface against another during physiological tooth
movement - (Sturdevent)

8. Ovoid type teethSquare type teethTapering teeth.

9. Contact
Tapering [wide
crowns and narrow
cervices]
Square [Boxed]
Ovoid
[Transitional]
Between
incisors
Contact starts at the
incisal ridge incisally
and a little towards
the labial,
labiolingually
Starts at incisal
ridge incisally and
in line with it
labiolingually
1. Slightly lingual
to the incisal
ridge labio-
lingually
2. Mesial contact
starts at ¼ of the
crown inciso-
gingivally
3. Distal contacts
starts 1/3rd
to ½
of the crown
inciso-gingivally

10. Canines • Mesial contact at
the incisal ridge
• Distal contact near
the middle
• Very angular
• Close to incisal
ridges incisally.
• In line with them
labio lingually
• Same as
square type
Bicuspids • Buccal periphery
almost at buccal
axial angle (buccal
third) of the tooth.
• Occlusal periphery
at the junction of
occlusal and middle
third of the tooth.
• Contacts is
deviated buccally.
• Long Cusps, form
¼ - 1/3 of the crown
• Buccal
periphery more
towards buccal
axial angle
(buccal third)
• Occlusal
periphery is at
occlusal third.
• Short cusps.
• Convexity of
MR carries
occlusal
periphery
towards middle
3rd
.
• Buccal
periphery at
the junction of
buccal and
middle third

11. Molars
mesial
contact
•Buccal periphery
almost at the buccal
axial angle of the
tooth.
•O-periphery, at
junction of occlusal
and middle third of
the crown.
•Large cusps
• Same as
premolar
• Extension
lingually stops in
the middle third
(1-4mm)
• Same as
bicuspids
Molar
distal
contact
• Buccal periphery at
the middle third.
• Occlusal periphery
at the middle third.
• Distal contact of first
molar is variable
due to position of
distal cusps
• More lingually
deviated than
the mesial but
not to the extent
of the tapering
teeth.
• Buccal
periphery in line
with the central
groove in the
occlusal
surface.

12. EMBRASURES
• Embrasures are V shaped spaces that originate at the proximal
contact areas between adjacent teeth and are named for the
direction toward which they radiate.
• These embrasures are 1) facial 2) lingual 3) incisal or occlusal
4) gingival.

13. Embrasure
s
• Wide variations
• Incisal and labial are
negligible
• Gingival and lingual
embrasures between
anterior teeth are the
widest and longest in
the mouth.
• Buccal embrasures
are small.
• Lingual embrasures
are long with
medium width
• Gingival embrasures
between posterior
teeth are broad and
long
• Incisal, lingual,
occlusal and
buccal
embrasures are
Nil.
• Gingival
embrasures are
almost not
noticeable; if
found they are
very narrow and
flat.
• Lingual
embrasures are
very narrow and
long
• Incisal, labial,
buccal, and
occlusal
embrasures are
wider and
deeper than
others.
• Gingival and
lingual are short
and broad.

15. Facio lingual contours
• Convex curvatures occlusal the cervical line. - cervical ridge.
• Average curvature will be about 0.5mm or less.
• Mandibular posterior will have a lingual curvature of
approximately 1mm.
• Mandibular anterior teeth will have less curvature
• Usually its less than 0.5mm and occasionally it is so slight
• The incisal one half to two thirds of the lingual surfaces of
anterior teeth displays some concavities, a feature more
pronounced with upper central and lateral incisors.

16. • These concavities are less pronounced than in lower central and
lateral incisors and least pronounced in cuspids.
• For upper anterior teeth the concavities are an essential anterior
determinant for mandibular movement.
• In posterior teeth there will be mesiodistal convexity
corresponding to each cusp in anatomical crown portion of the
teeth.
• The convexity on the facial and lingual areas decrease in
magnitude as we approach the cemento enamel junction.

17. • At the cemento enamel junction, or slightly occlusal to it, the
facial or the lingual surface will flatten or become concave,
especially if the crown surface joins a bifurcation.
• In the anterior teeth, the entire labial surface will have a
pronounced convexity mesio distally.
• The magnitude of this convexity increases gradually from the
incisal ridge apically, reaching its maximum just incisal to the
cemento enamel junction, gingival line decreases almost to a flat
surface as cemento enamel junction.

18. • The lingual surface of an anterior tooth exhibits a mesiodistal
convexity only at its apical one third to one half.
• From that point incisally its concave, completing a dish shaped
surface started by the incisal guidance concavities.
• The proper mesio- distal contour at different levels and locations
of the facial and lingual surfaces is vital for the health of the
investing periodontium.
• A comparison between the contour of teeth and periodontium
contour mesiodistally will reveal that both contours should the
same to ensure physiologic movement of the structures and
materials.

19. Interproximal spaces
• Are V-shaped spaces between the teeth formed by the
proximal surface and their contact areas. These spaces
are normally filled with gingival tissues called papillarypapillary
gingivagingiva or interdental papilla.
• When gingival recession occurs between the teeth ,the
interdental papilla and bone no longer fill the entire
interproximal space. This void exists cervically to the
contact which is called a cervical embrasures

21. Marginal ridges
• It is imperative to have a marginal ridge of proper dimension
that is compatible to the dimension of the occlusal cuspal
anatomy, creating a pronounced adjacent triangular fossa and
producing an adjacent occlusal embrasures.
• A marginal ridge should always be formed in two planestwo planes
buccolinguallybuccolingually, meeting at a very obtuse anglevery obtuse angle. this feature is
essential when an opposing functional cusp occludes with the
marginal ridge.

23. Hazards of faulty reproduction of contact of
teeth in restorations
A. Contact size.
B. Contact configuration.
C. Contour.
D. Marginal ridge.

24. I Contact size :
I. too broad, bucco-
lingually or occluso-
gingivally.
II. too narrow, bucco-
lingually or occluso-
gingivally.
III. Open (loose) contact.

25. too occlusally
too buccally or lingually.
too gingivally.

26. • Contact configuration
1. Flat (deficient convexity).
2. Excessive convexity
concave contact area

27. Hazards of improper proximal contour
relationship
Over contour Under contour

28. Normal contour

29. After over contoured restoration

30. HAZARDS OF FAULTY EMBRASSURES
Decrease or absent
• Additional stress created in the teeth and supporting structures
during mastication
Too large
• Little protection to the supporting structures as food is forced
into the interproximal surface by an opposing cusp

31. consequences incurred by the creation of
faulty marginal ridge.
Absence of a marginal ridge exaggerated occlusal embrasure

32. Adjacent marginal ridge not compatible in
height.

33. Marginal ridge with no occlusal embrasure
A marginal ridge with no triangular fossa

34. Procedures for restoring
contact and contour
• Intraoral proceduresIntraoral procedures
- Tooth movements
- Matricing
• Extra oral proceduresExtra oral procedures
- Wax pattern
- Cast adjustments

35. • Tooth movement or separation of teeth is defined as the
process of separating the involved teeth slightly away from
each other or bringing them closer to each other, and/or
changing their spatial position in one or more dimensions.

36. Objectives of tooth separation
• To bring drifted, tilted and rotated teeth to their
physiologically indicated positions to maintain natural
contacts and contours.
• To close the space between the teeth which is not closed by
restorative methods.
• To move teeth to another location, that when restored is more
physiologically acceptable by periodontium
• To move the teeth apically (intrusion) and occlusally
( extrusion) to make them restorable

37. • To change the position of teeth from non-functional or a
traumatically functional position to a physiological functional
position
• To move teeth to a position, so that when restored will be in
the most esthetically pleasing situation
• To move a teeth to a direction and location that increases the
dimension of the available tooth structure thereby increases
the resistance and retention of restoration

38. Methods of tooth separation

39. Rapid tooth separation
Indications –
• Used preparatory to slow movement
• To maintain the space gained by slow tooth movement
Advantages –
• Quickness
• Ability to steady or prevent movements of the teeth during the
restoring operation
• Most valuable & frequently used

40. Disadvantages –
• Danger of rupture of the fibers of the periodontal ligament and
permanent loosening of the teeth, through injudicious use of
force
• Pain of too-rapid separation

41. Separation by wedge principle
• Elliot separators
• Indicated for short-duration separation that does not
necessitate stabilization
• Has a single bow with two jaws which can be adjusted by a
knob
• Have the disadvantage of tending to drift cervically when
much apical taper is evident
• Useful in examining proximal surfaces or in final polishing of
the restored contact

43. Wedges
These are triangular shaped wedges usually made of medicated
wood or synthetic resin.
Wedges leading to separation include;
a. Wooden Wedges
b. Metal Wedges
c. Silver Wedges
d. Celluloid or plastic wedges
e. Medicated wood wedges

45. • Separators which work on traction principle:
• non interfering true separator
• Ferrier adjustable separator
• Ivory adjustable separator
• Perry separator
• Woodward separator
• Parr’s universal separator
• Dentatus- nystrom separator
Separation by traction principle

47. Separation by traction principle
Ferrier double-bow separator

48. Non-Interferring True separator

49. Ivory adjustable separator

52. Separating wires-Separating wires-
• Thin pieces of copper wire are introduced gingival to the
contact, then wrapped around the contact area.
• The two ends are twisted together to create some separation
not to exceed 0.5mm.
• Twisted ends are then bend into the buccal or lingual
embrasure.
• Wires are then tightened periodically to increase separation.
• Maximum amount of separation will be equivalent to the
thickness of the wire
Slow separation of tooth

54. Oversized temporaries-Oversized temporaries- Resin temporaries that are oversized
mesiodistally may achieve slow separation.
Orthodontic appliances-Orthodontic appliances- For tooth movement of any magnitude,
fixed orthodontic appliances are the most effective and
predictable method available.

55. Advantages
• Comparative absence of soreness of the teeth
• Lessening of danger of tearing the fibers of the pdl
• Ability to force away temporarily, with GP, swollen tissue
from the gingival margins of the cavities.
• No mechanical device required.
• Separators can be left in place for weeks together.

56. Disadvantages
• Time consuming requiring several days or weeks
• Its not stable
• Requires repeated applications of the separating material

58. Matrices
Derived from the latin word “Mater” which means “Mother”.
The New Standard dictionary of the English Language – “That
which contains and gives form to anything”
It was first introduced by Dr. Louis Jack

59. Matrix – Properly shaped piece of metal or other material used
to support and give form to the restoration during its
introduction and hardening.
Matricing – Is the procedure, whereby a temporary wall is
created opposite to axial walls and surrounding areas of tooth
structure that were lost during tooth preparation.

60. Jack Matrix

61. classification
Based on the cavity preparations done
Matrices for class I cavity preparations
- Double banded tofflemire retainer.
Matrices for class II cavity preparations
– Single banded toffelmire.
– Ivory matrix no.1 (unilateral class II)
– Ivory matrix no.8 (Bilateral class II)
– Black’s matrices
– Seamless copper band or soldered band matrices
– Anatomic matrix
– Automatrix ( Roll – in band matrix )
– S – shaped matrix.

62. • Matrices for a cavity preparation for amalgam restorations on the distal of
cuspid.
S - shaped matrix
Toffelmire
• Matrices for class III cavity preparations for direct tooth colored materials
Mylar strips or Plastic strips
• Matrices for class IV cavity preparations for direct tooth colored materials
Plastic strip
Aluminium foil incisal corner matrix
Transparent crown form matrices
Anatomic matrix
Modified S - shaped matrix

63. Matrices for class V amalgam restorations
– Window matrix
– S-shaped matrix
Matrices for class V cavity preparations for direct
tooth colored materials
– Anatomic matrix for non – light cured, direct tooth colored
materials
– Aluminum or copper collars for non – light cured, direct
tooth colored restorative materials

64. • Based on the material used –
• Metallic - stainless steel, copper, aluminum, tin, brass
• Non-metallic – cellulose acetate, plastic, cellulose nitrate
Metallic matrices are further classified
• Matrices without mechanical retainer
• Custom made – tie band, T-band, S-band, copper band
• Pre-fabricated – Automatrix
• Matrices with mechanical retainer
• Unilateral – ivory no 1
• Circumferential - ivory no 8 and Tofflemeire (straight
and contrangled)

65. • Custom made :
• Mechanical : Tofflemire, Seqviland, Ivory no. 1 and 8
• Miscellaneous : T-Band, soldered band, seamless copper band,
orthodontic band, blacks matrix
Based on mode of retention:
• Mechanically retained matrices: Tofflemire, Ivory no.1and 8,
Steele’s siqveland self adjusting matrix clamp.
• Self retained matrices: Black’s matrix and copper band
supported by impression compound.

66. Based on whether Patented (Branded) and Non patented :
• Branded: Ivory no. 1 and 8, Tofflemire retainer.
• Non-branded: Soldered band, wedge matrix, black matrices
Based on transparency
• Non transparent matrices
• Transparent matrices

67. Requirements of the matrices
It should be rigid
It should establish proper anatomic contour
It should restore proper proximal contact
Prevention of gingival excess
It should be convenient for application
Ease of removal
It should be versatile

68. It should be compatible with the restorative material
It should also resist and compensate for the dimensional
change in the material during its setting by applying a positive
pressure against the restoration
The retainer and band should be small enough and short
enough
It should be inexpensive

69. Functions of the matrices
• To reproduce the missing contour of the tooth
• To provide an ideal contact area with adjacent tooth
• To prevent cervical overhang of amalgam
• To provide adequate condensation of restoration
• Prevents contamination and provides isolation of the prepared
cavity

70. • Provides for adaptation of restorative materials to cavosurface
margins
• Displaces the gingival and thus provides marginal adaptation.
• To provide an acceptable surface texture for the restoration

72. Tofflemire retainer
• Also called as Universal matrix.
• Designed by B.R.Tofflemire.
• Ideally indicated when 3 surfaces of posterior tooth have been
prepared.
• commonly used for two surfaces class II restorations.
• Bands are available in 2 thickness:
-0.05 mm
-0.038 mm

73. Straight and contrangled Convoluted and pre contoured bands

75. Types of Tofflemire matrix bands
Flat bands of multiple shapes
Precontoured bands
Bands of dead-soft metal

79. Slot facing gingivally and retainer
parallel to buccal surfaces of the teeth

80. Removal of the matrix band

82. MATRICES FOR CLASS I CAVITYMATRICES FOR CLASS I CAVITY
PREPARATIONSPREPARATIONS

83. Double – banded tofflemire
• Tofflemire matrix is placed around the prepared tooth and an
additional step of cutting a small piece of stainless steel
material 0.002 inch thick and 0.31 inch wide and placed
between the lingual/buccal surface of the tooth and the band.
• The gingival edge of the segment of matrix material is applied
slightly gingival to the gingival edge of the band.

84. • Select a wedge that will create and maintain the proper
separation between the two bands and thereby enable the
proper contour facially or lingually.
• Insert the wedge between the band and the band piece after
coating the wedge with compound.
• Then immediately use a burnisher when the compound is still
soft to press the compound gingivally to tightly secure the
matrix.
• Sometimes if the wedge is properly stabilized by itself, the use
of the compound can be avoided.

86. MATRICES FOR CL II CAVITY
PREPARATION

87. Ivory No. 1
• The band encircles one of posterior proximal surfaces,
therefore indicated in unilateral Class II cavities.
• Band is attached to the retainer through wedge shaped
projections which engage the tooth through the embrasures of
unprepared surface.

91. Ivory No. 8
• Band encircles entire crown therefore indicated for bilateral
class II cavities,
• Extended Class I and also for unilateral Class II in which
adjacent tooth is missing.

93. STEELE’S SIQVELAND SELF ADJUSTING
MATRIX HOLDER AND CLAMP
A - Body or handle
B - slide bearing the clamping bolt
C - clamping nut
D – clasp holding the body and
slide assembled
E – pivoted clip supported on the
body

95. • It is so built that it will form two diameters at the same time:
larger diameter at the occlusal, smaller at the gingival area.
• Anatomic adaptation is possible without, wedges, although
additional support at the gingival area is not contra-indicated.
• The band follows the tooth contour without impinging on the
gingival tissue.
• Its principle is that of a movable slide which holds and
tightens the band in the required position.

96. BLACK’S MATRIX
Recommended for the majority of
small and medium size cavities.
Procedure
• Cut a metallic band so that it will
extend only slightly over buccal and
lingual surfaces of the tooth beyond
extremities of cavity preparation.
• Corners of the gingival ends are
turned up to hold the ligature.

97. SEAMLESS COPPER BAND
(With out seam or joints)
Assorted copper bands, sizes 1 to 20. The
size of a No. 1 band is 4 mm in diameter,
and the size of a No. 20 band is 12 mm in
diameter, with a wall thickness of 0.15 mm.

100. S-shaped matrix
• Ideal matrix for class III with either labial or lingual
access.Mainly used for cavity preparation on the distal of thedistal of the
cuspidcuspid.
• Mirror handle used to produce S-shaped strip.
• Band contoured with contouring pliers.
• Placed interproximally and wedged &
covered with compound

102. T – shaped band
• These are premade T-shaped brass or stainless steel matrix
bands.
• Indications
• The long arm of the T is bent or curled to encompass the tooth
circumferentially and overlap the short horizontal arm of T.
This section is then bent over the long arm , loosely holding in
place.
• Wedges and stabilising compound can be applied as in the
anatomic matrix to add further stability.

104. Automatrix
• Also called as Roll-in band matrix.
• Has three components
– Automatrix bands
– Automate tightening device
– Sheilded nippers
• Indications
Extensive class II preparations
Partially erupted teeth

106. Advantages –
It is retainerless-improves the visibility
The auto-lock loop can be positioned either on the facial or
lingual side with ease
Convenience

107. • Decreased time for application
• Ease of application and removal
• Multiple automatrix can be placed in same arch
• Primarily useful in patients who can’t tolerate retainers
Disadvantages –
• Bands are flat and are difficult to burnish
• Cannot develop proper proximal contacts and contours
• Expensive

110. Anatomical matrix
• Most efficient means of reproducing contact and contour.
• Entirely hand made and contoured specifically for each
individual case.
• Especially useful in mutilated teeth.

111. • Procedure
• A piece of 0.001 – 0.002 stainless steel matrix band 1/8 in
width is withdrawn between the handle of a pair of tweezers.
• Matrix is then cut to proper length.
• Contouring with contouring pliers.
• Band trimmed to extend well below the gingival margin of the
cavity and at least 2mm beyond buccal and lingual margins of
the cavity.

113. Matrices for class III tooth colored restoration

115. S shaped matrix

116. For two adjacent proximal preparations

117. MATRICES FOR CLASS IV
PREPARATIONS

118. The L-shaped matrix

119. Aluminum foil incisal corner matrix
• These are ‘stock’ metallic matrices shaped according to the
proximo-incisal corner and surfaces of the anterior teeth.
• Advantage
– Can be adapted to each specific case
• Disadvantage
– Cannot be used for light
cure resin material

120. Transparent crown form matrices.
• These are ‘stock’ plastic crowns.
• In bilateral class IV preparation the entire crown can be used
and in unilateral cases crown can be split inciso - gingivally
into two halves for the respective side.

122. Anatomic matrix

123. Matrices for the class V cavity preparation

125. • ‘S’ shaped matrix is indicated for a proximal extension of
buccal or lingual Class V amalgam restoration.
• For wide Class V amalgam restorations prepared in two stages
– The mesial half is prepared first and filled with amalgam
and then after the initial set, the distal half is prepared and
restored.

126. Wedges
• Material made up of either wood or synthetic material that is
used along with matrices during insertion and hardening of
plastic restorative material
• History
• Earlier wooden wedges
• Metal wedges – Ottolengui – 1891
• 1960 – Messing – wedge made of silver
• Medicated wedges
• Today an array of plastic wedges are available
• Precontoured wedges

127. Classification of the wedges
According to the shape
Round
Triangle
According to the material used
Metallic
• Steel wedges
• Silver wedges
According to the texture
• Hard grained wood
• Medium grained wood
• Fine-grained wood

128. Based on availability:
• Preformed
• Custom made – prepared by dentist / assistant
Based on surface treatment:
• Medicated (coated with astringents) Ex: hemo
wedges
• Non-medicated Ex: orange wood.

129. FUNCTIONS
• They assure close adaptability of matrix band to the tooth,
gingival to the gingival margin of preparation.
• Protects the interdental col by preventing restoration
impingement.
• Defines the gingival, facial & lingual extent of the contact
area.

130. • They protect the interproximal gingiva from unexpected trauma
• Creates some separation to compensate for the thickness of
matrix band.
• Establishes atraumatic retraction of the rubber dam and the
gingiva, there
• by producing a temporary hemostasis and minimizing moisture
by adsorption
• Assure immobilization of matrix band during restoration
placement.

131. Rules to be followed while using the wedges –
• Not all cavities need to be wedged
• Wedges must not restrict the band from bulging outward to
develop a good contact point
• Gingival margins that terminate above the gingival crest may
be routinely braced with any wedge that fits the space and
props the band against the tooth
• Wedges should usually be inserted from facially
• Wedges must be fitted and customized

132. Selection of correct wedge
• To select a correct wedge four variables to be
considered
I. Convergence angle of the base
II. Gingival base width
III. Wedge height
IV. Concavity of the side walls

133. Convergence angle of the wedge Gingival base width of the wedge

134. The wedge height
The concavity of the side walls of the wedge

135. Direction of the wedge insertion

136. Wooden wedge versus plastic wedges

137. Round toothpick versus triangular i.e., anatomic
wedges.
• A, The triangular, wedge will not firmly support the matrix
band against the gingival margin in conservative Class II
preparations (arrow);.
• B, The round toothpick wedge is preferred because its
wedging action is nearer the gingival margin.
• C, With deep gingival margins, the round toothpick wedge
will crimp the matrix band contour if its diameter is above the
gingival margin.
• D, The. triangular wedge is preferred with these preparations
because its greatest width is at its base.

139. Modified triangular i.e, anatomic wedge.

140. TYPES OF WEDGING
Single wedging -
Only one wedge is placed on lingual or buccal embrassures
Indicated in moderately extended gingival margin or conservative
cavity preparation

141. • Piggy-Back wedging : when wedge is significantly apical to
the gingival margin, a second wedge usually, smaller is piggy
backed on the first.
Indication : when proximal box is shallow gingivally or interproximal tissue level
has receded or both.

142. • Double wedging : Refers to inserting 2 wedges – one from the
lingual and a second from the facial embrasures. The two
wedges help to ensure that the gingival corners of a wide
proximal box can be properly condensed as well as to minimize
gingival excess.
Indication : Faciolingually wide proximal boxes to provide
maximal closure of band along gingival margin.

143. • Wedge wedging : When concavity is present on the proximal
surface gingivally of the contact and extending as a fluting on
to the root(mesial aspect of maxillary first premolars).
• Here the second wedge is inserted from lingual embrasure
between the first wedge and the band.

145. Disadvantages with the earlier matrices
• Tofflemire created a straight line contour and broad contact
• Automatrix provided good gingival margin adaptation, but
created excessive bulk, lacked physiological contour.
• Mylar matrix did not hold the configuration of the contact
even though after burnishing.

146. Techniques used to achieve the ideal contact and contour in
proximal surface for composite -
• “Plunging ball” - The prepolymerized composite cylinder
• Prepolymerized custom contact
• Ceramic inserts
• Denbur light tip
• Contact forming instrument
• Omni-Matrix
• Sectional matrix

148. Fender Mate flexible wing (Directa AB)

150. Contact-forming instrument
• BELVEDERE CCF
– Place composite resin into box form.
– Press Belvedere former into resin, wedge or twist instrument
to force resin against matrix band & tooth preparation axial
wall.
– Cure resin & remove instrument. Fill void left by instrument
with added resin, light cure and finish.

151. • Denbur LIGHT TIP
– Cone-shaped non-sticking transparent tip that fits
onto curing light guides.
– Four sizes available.
– Pack resin into box form. Press Light-Tip into resin,
wedging it against axial wall, and light cure. Remove
Light-Tip and fill void with new material

153. COMPOSITE CONTACT
INSTRUMENT
Premiere dental
products company
Non-stick anodized
aluminum
Instrument is used to
Torque against matrix
Band for desired
contact.

154. Contact Pro 2 instrument

155. • Ceramic inserts
Omni-Matrix

156. • SECTIONAL MATRIX AND CONTACT RING.
• Three systems
• Palodent Bitine and Bitine II (Darway)
• Contact matrix (Danville materials)
• Composi – tight (Garrison Dental Solutions)
• These systems only on a sectional matrix with an inner
concavity to give form to the proximal restoration wall.

157. Palodent sectional matrix band

159. SuperMat matrix system

160. V-Ring sectional matrix

161. Extra oral procedures of restoring
• Direct wax patern

162. • Indirect wax pattern

163. Finishing and polishing the
final restoration

164. conclusion
• Proper reproduction of the size and location of the contact
areas to imitate the natural dentition is essential for the success
of treatment and the restoration of proximal surface.
• There are several methods of achieving a right contact in
direct restorative procedures, using various systems/techniques
available.

165. • It is important that the clinician is aware of all the systems and
posses the knowledge to use them.
• The selection of the system has to be done on case to case
basis keeping in mind the type of restorative material being
used.

166. References
Text Book of Operative Dentistry – Vimal K. Sikri. 1st
edition.
Operative Dentistry – Gillmore. 4th
edition.
Fundamentals of Fixed Prosthodontics – Shillinburg. 3rd
edi.
Theory and Practice of Fixed Prosthodontics – Tylman. 8th
edi.
Operative dental surgery-Messing and Ray
Operative dentistry – supplement 1986,91,94

167. Dental Anatomy, Physiology, Occlusion – Wheeler’s. 5th
edi.
Art and Science of Operative Dentistry – Sturdevant. 6th
edi.
Operative Dentistry – Modern Theory and Practice – M.A.
Marzouk. 1st
edi.
A Text Book of Operative Dentistry – McGhee. 4th
edition.
Advanced Operative Dentistry – Baratieri. 2nd
edition.