The Earth was formed at the same time as the other planets of the Solar System from a vast spinning disc of gas and dust. Scientists have gathered valuable information about the Earth with the use of advance science and technology to help us understand our planet. They have determined the size and shape of the Earth by using precise instruments and equipment. The Earth is shaped like an Orange because it bulges at the Equator and is flat at the polar regions. Therefore, the Earth is an Oblate Spheroid. Geodesy – the science that studies and measures the exact size and dimensions of the Earth.

1. The Shape, Size &
Structure of the Earth
© Jamaica Olazo

2. The Earth was formed at the same time
as the other planets of the Solar System
from a vast spinning disc of gas and dust.
4.5 Billion years ago

3. Scientists have gathered
valuable information about the
Earth with the use of advance
science and technology to help
us understand our planet.
They have determined the size
and shape of the Earth by
using precise instruments and
equipment.
© Jamaica Olazo

4. OF THE EARTH
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5. SHAPEOF THE EARTH
The Earth is a
rotating object.
Its rotation produces a Centrifugal
force which opposes gravity.
The Earth is shaped like an Orange
because it bulges at the
Equator and is flat at the
polar regions.

6. SHAPEOF THE EARTH
Therefore, the
Earth is an
Oblate
Spheroid.
© Jamaica Olazo

7. Size
of the Earth
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8. Geodesy – the
science that studies and
measures the exact size
and dimensions of the
Earth.
Sizeof the Earth
Equatorial circumference 40,075.03 km.
Polar circumference 40,007.88 km.
Equatorial diameter 12,756.28 km.
Polar diameter 12,713.51 km.
The latest survey
about the dimensions
of the Earth are as
follows:
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9. of the Earth
Structure

10. of the Earth
Structure
Barysphere
Mesosphere
Lithosphere
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11. •The rocky outermost
layer of lithosphere.
Structure
of the Earth
Crust
Composed of two kinds:
1. Silicon –
2. Aluminum - the upper
layer of the Earth’s
crust.
It is made up largely of
granitic rocks which are
lighter in color and weight.
32-48 km.

12. •The rocky outermost
layer of lithosphere.
Structure
of the Earth
Crust
Composed of two kinds:
1. Silicon –
2. Magnesium – submerged
layer of the lithosphere.
Magnesium makes up the
ocean floor. It is also known as
Oceanic Crust.
5-8 km. thick

13. •The middle layer
of the Earth
Structure
of the Earth
Mantle
It is composed of dense
rocks largely made up of
the mineral olivine.
Asthenosphere – an upper
rock materials of the upper mantle.
- Allows the crustal plates lying on
it to move in either a vertical or
horizontal manner
2,900 km. thick

14. •The innermost
portion of the Earth
Structure
of the Earth
Core
•It is believed to be
metallic.
•Composed of iron and
nickel (NIFE)
3,400 km. thick
Nickel from NI
Iron from FE

15. Structure
of the Earth
Core
a. inner core – solid about
1,150 km. thick w/ an
extremely high
temperature (2,200°C).
b. outer core – made up of
molten rock about 2,250
km. thick.
TWO PARTS–

17. © Jamaica Olazo