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- Rajeshwar A.
 Process Engineer-SMT
The DTH




          DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television.
“ The reception of satellite programmes with a personal dish
in an individual home.”
DTH services in India
 Idea was 1st proposed in 1996, but they did not pass approval because there
  were concerns over national security and a cultural invasion.

 Govt. putted a ban 1997 when the Rupert Murdoch-owned Indian Sky
  Broadcasting (ISkyB) was about to launch its DTH services in India.

 Passed approval in 2000 but the signals can be transmitted through Indian
  satellite.

 Cost and validity period of DTH license.


 Law imposed on DTH service providers(51:49).


 Share of DTH Services in Indian market in India is less then 5%.
Players in DTH
   Indian                               Global
• DISH T.V           • EUROPE- Cannon Digital , Viasat ,UPC

• TATA SKY           • U.K. – Sky , BskyB ,Sky Digital.

• BIG T.V            • SOUTH AFRICA – ExpressVu , Star Choice

• SUN DIRECT         • JAPAN – SkyPerfectv

• VIDEOCON d2h       • USA – Dish Network ( Echostar) , Directv , AT&T

• AIRTEL

• DD DIRECT
DTH MPEG Technology
The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) was formed by the ISO to set standards
for audio and video compression and transmission.


• MPEG-2 is widely used as the format of digital television signals that are
broadcast by terrestrial (over-the-air), cable, and direct broadcast satellite TV
systems. While MPEG-2 is the core of most digital television and DVD formats.
     • Provider - Tata Sky.

• MPEG-4 absorbs many of the features of MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 and other related
standards, adding new features such as (extended) VRML support for 3D
rendering, object-oriented composite files (including audio, video and VRML
objects), support for externally-specified Digital Rights Management and various
types of interactivity. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) was standardized as an
adjunct to MPEG-2 (as Part 7) before MPEG-4 was issued.
    • Provider - Videocon d2h , BigTV , Airtel , SunDirect , DishTV )
DTH MPEG Standard Technology                                     cont….
Acronym for a
                                                                                         First public release date
  group of                          Title                         ISO/IEC standards
                                                                                              (First edition)
 standards
                Coding of moving pictures and associated
                audio for digital storage media at up to about
  MPEG-1        1,5 Mbit/s                                          ISO/IEC 11172                 1993
                Generic coding of moving pictures and
  MPEG-2        associated audio information                        ISO/IEC 13818                 1995
  MPEG-3                                     Abandoned, incorporated into MPEG-2
  MPEG-4        Coding of audio-visual objects                    ISO/IEC 14496                   1999
  MPEG-7        Multimedia content description interface            ISO/IEC 15938                 2002
  MPEG-21       Multimedia framework (MPEG-21)                      ISO/IEC 21000                 2001
  MPEG-A        Multimedia application format (MPEG-A)              ISO/IEC 23000                 2007
  MPEG-B        MPEG systems technologies                           ISO/IEC 23001                 2006
  MPEG-C        MPEG video technologies                             ISO/IEC 23002                 2006
  MPEG-D        MPEG audio technologies                             ISO/IEC 23003                 2007
  MPEG-E        Multimedia Middleware                               ISO/IEC 23004                 2007
  MPEG-V        Media context and control                        ISO/IEC FCD 23005[30]     under development
  MPEG-M        MPEG extensible middleware (MXM)                 ISO/IEC FCD 23006[35]     under development
  MPEG-U        Rich media user interfaces                       ISO/IEC FCD 23007[37]     under development
Working of DTH.




A    DTH      network     consists   of    a  broadcasting
centre, satellites, encoders, multiplexers, modulators and
DTH receivers( STB).
Component of DTH system
• Programming sources are simply the channels that provide programming for
broadcast. The provider doesn't create original programming itself; it pays other
companies (HBO, for example, or ESPN) for the right to broadcast their content via
satellite. In this way, the provider is kind of like a broker between you and the actual
programming sources. (Cable television companies work on the same principle.)

• The broadcast center is the central hub of the system. At the broadcast center, the
television provider receives signals from various programming sources and beams a
broadcast signal to satellites in geostationary orbit.

• The satellites receive the signals from the broadcast station and rebroadcast them
to the ground.

• The viewer's dish picks up the signal from the satellite (or multiple satellites in the
same part of the sky) and passes it on to the Set Top Box receiver in the viewer's
house.

• STB receiver processes the signal and passes it on to a standard television.
Set Top Box
  One of the most important key component of DTH system is SET TOP BOX.
  Wiki Definition : A set-top box (STB) or set-top unit (STU) is a device that
  connects to a television and an external source of signal, turning the signal into
  content which is then displayed on the television screen.
   What is STB.                                   Why STB ?
• Digital Set Top Box is a consumer device    •   User can get more specialized channels
   that acts as a receiver or tuner for TV        Support for HDTV
   signals .                                  •   No Ghosting
• It follows DVB/MPEG standards.              •   Backward compatible with analog TV’s
• They allow users to view premium            •   Pay as you view
   channels                                   •   Interactive TV (iTV).
• Provides internet access.                   •   Near Video On Demand
• It is the Key to digital video processing   •   Internet
                                              •   Hard drive storage
Set top box architecture
 Hardware
   MPEG Card
   Power Supply - SMPS
   Front Panel Display


 Software
   Embedded Operating
   Media player
   User interface, browser




                              Basic Block Diagram of STB.
Set top box Assemblies
   Assembly Name - MPEG CARD
   PCB Type - FR4 ( 4 Layer )
   PCB Finish – HAL
   Solder Type – Lead Free
    ( 80 % of the Card manufacturer uses LF solder )


 Assembly Name - SMPS CARD / Front
  Display
 PCB Type - FR2
 PCB Finish – OSP
 Solder Type – Leaded / Leaf Free
  ( Depends on Manufacturer )


Note : Data is based on the data of one of the leading DTH system provider in India.
Talk of Industry experts
• India has around 110 million TV homes, of which, 68 million are cable and satellite
(C&S) homes. With over 3.5 million subscribers, DTH penetration is around five per
cent of the C&S homes.
• A PricewaterhouseCoopers study estimates the figure to reach approx. 10
million by 2010.

• Jawaharlal Goel, Head, Business, Dish TV in THE HINDU. "From      the current
market size of around 3.5 million connections, I estimate that by
2015, DTH will reach 30-35 million”

• As per our new research report of Bharat Book
 “Indian DTH Market Forecast of 2012”, the number of DTH subscribers is
forecasted to grow at a CAGR of around 29% during 2009-2012.
Forecasted Growth DTH




As per our new research report “Indian DTH Market Forecast to 2012”, the number of DTH
subscribers is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 29% during 2010-2012. Presently, the DTH
subscribers constitute only a small proportion of the total TV household in the country, representing
a vast future growth potential.
DTH Market Analysis – Subscriber
• Current Market Size : 3.5 Million connection
• CAGR ( Compound Annual Growth Rate ) – 29 %.
 (Indian DTH industry to grow at 29% CAGR: Study. Indiantelevision.com)
• Forecast 2010 : 4.55 Million connection at CAGR 29 %.
• Forecast 2011 : 5.915 Million
• Forecast 2012 : 7.7 Million
                          9.00
                          8.00                                                   7.7
                          7.00                                            5.9
                          6.00
                          5.00                            4.5
                          4.00           3.5
                          3.00
                          2.00
                          1.00
                          0.00
                                        2009             2010             2011   2012
   DTH Connection / Year in
                                         3.5              4.5             5.9    7.7
          million.
Opportunity for Vendor of STB Manufacturer
          Material taken for case study : Solder Paste (Consumption / STB PCB – 1.6 gm)
                              10.00                                                       150.00
                                                                               7.7
            Subscription in

                               8.00
                                                               5.9              120.00%   100.00
                               6.00
               Million


                                             4.5
                               4.00                               68.57%                  50.00
                               2.00             28.57 %
                               0.00                                                       0.00
                                             2010              2011            2012
                                                                                         Cumm Solder
                                                 Solder Paste             Solder Paste
                                 DTH                                                         Paste
           Year                              Consumption / MPEG       Consumption / MPEG
                              Subscription                                               Consumption
                                                  Card in gm               Card in Kg.
                                                                                              in %
           2009                3500000              5600000                   5600         Baseline
           2010                4500000              7200000                   7200           28.57
           2011                5900000              9440000                   9440           68.57
           2012                7700000              12320000                 12320          120.00
          Note : Solder Paste consumption per set – 1.6 gm based on data of leading STB manufacturer.

Conclusion : Till 2012 cumulatively consumption of raw material require for STB will
             increase by 120% considering CAGR 29% , creating the huge opportunity
             for the manufacturer.
DTH as a Magic Box
Interactive applications such as-

  • iMatinee (Book cinema tickets),
  • iTravel (Browse and book travel packages),
  • iShop (Shop on TV for your favorite brands),
  • iCity (Get your city’s information) and
  • Widgets (Update yourself on latest stock news.
  • Per –Per – View ( PPV)
  • Online Gaming
  • Traffic Update
  • Movie on Demand.
  • Online Payment via DTH.
  • Localized Ad Platform.
  • TV Commerce
  • … & list go on with days.
Benefits
Benefits of DTH extends to all sections of the society since DTH has a reach
in all areas whether it is remote or urban , it provides equal benefits to
everyone. Benefits of DTH are listed below:

• Cost effective communication, information and entertainment to all .

• Small size terminals can provide up to 4000 TV channels and 2000 radio
channels through a click of a button and thus brings world’s at least
information, news, entertainment to your home .

• DTH services bypasses mediators and thus content provider comes with
customer directly.

• DTH      services  are   transparent     providing    digital    quality
video, audio, radio, and IP to all at equal prices and other benefits with
reliability.
Conclusion
DTH projects in India are just a beginning and we are taking the advantage
of DTH revolution. Direct to home connects urban, rural and remote areas of
the country and provides desire information communication, education and
entertainment at the click of a button.

• Broadband noise will have negligible effect on GMRT Observations, as the
minimum separation distance is 90 meters with the assumption that there is
no DTH system in 100 meter circle from any of the GMRT antennas. Care
must be taken for arm antennas.

• Narrow band noise can cause RFI, in spectral line observations below
400MHz, if located at about 2 km from a GMRT antenna.


                                                         Thank You

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Dth Technology

  • 1. - Rajeshwar A. Process Engineer-SMT
  • 2. The DTH DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television. “ The reception of satellite programmes with a personal dish in an individual home.”
  • 3. DTH services in India  Idea was 1st proposed in 1996, but they did not pass approval because there were concerns over national security and a cultural invasion.  Govt. putted a ban 1997 when the Rupert Murdoch-owned Indian Sky Broadcasting (ISkyB) was about to launch its DTH services in India.  Passed approval in 2000 but the signals can be transmitted through Indian satellite.  Cost and validity period of DTH license.  Law imposed on DTH service providers(51:49).  Share of DTH Services in Indian market in India is less then 5%.
  • 4. Players in DTH Indian Global • DISH T.V • EUROPE- Cannon Digital , Viasat ,UPC • TATA SKY • U.K. – Sky , BskyB ,Sky Digital. • BIG T.V • SOUTH AFRICA – ExpressVu , Star Choice • SUN DIRECT • JAPAN – SkyPerfectv • VIDEOCON d2h • USA – Dish Network ( Echostar) , Directv , AT&T • AIRTEL • DD DIRECT
  • 5. DTH MPEG Technology The Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) was formed by the ISO to set standards for audio and video compression and transmission. • MPEG-2 is widely used as the format of digital television signals that are broadcast by terrestrial (over-the-air), cable, and direct broadcast satellite TV systems. While MPEG-2 is the core of most digital television and DVD formats. • Provider - Tata Sky. • MPEG-4 absorbs many of the features of MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 and other related standards, adding new features such as (extended) VRML support for 3D rendering, object-oriented composite files (including audio, video and VRML objects), support for externally-specified Digital Rights Management and various types of interactivity. AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) was standardized as an adjunct to MPEG-2 (as Part 7) before MPEG-4 was issued. • Provider - Videocon d2h , BigTV , Airtel , SunDirect , DishTV )
  • 6. DTH MPEG Standard Technology cont…. Acronym for a First public release date group of Title ISO/IEC standards (First edition) standards Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about MPEG-1 1,5 Mbit/s ISO/IEC 11172 1993 Generic coding of moving pictures and MPEG-2 associated audio information ISO/IEC 13818 1995 MPEG-3 Abandoned, incorporated into MPEG-2 MPEG-4 Coding of audio-visual objects ISO/IEC 14496 1999 MPEG-7 Multimedia content description interface ISO/IEC 15938 2002 MPEG-21 Multimedia framework (MPEG-21) ISO/IEC 21000 2001 MPEG-A Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) ISO/IEC 23000 2007 MPEG-B MPEG systems technologies ISO/IEC 23001 2006 MPEG-C MPEG video technologies ISO/IEC 23002 2006 MPEG-D MPEG audio technologies ISO/IEC 23003 2007 MPEG-E Multimedia Middleware ISO/IEC 23004 2007 MPEG-V Media context and control ISO/IEC FCD 23005[30] under development MPEG-M MPEG extensible middleware (MXM) ISO/IEC FCD 23006[35] under development MPEG-U Rich media user interfaces ISO/IEC FCD 23007[37] under development
  • 7. Working of DTH. A DTH network consists of a broadcasting centre, satellites, encoders, multiplexers, modulators and DTH receivers( STB).
  • 8. Component of DTH system • Programming sources are simply the channels that provide programming for broadcast. The provider doesn't create original programming itself; it pays other companies (HBO, for example, or ESPN) for the right to broadcast their content via satellite. In this way, the provider is kind of like a broker between you and the actual programming sources. (Cable television companies work on the same principle.) • The broadcast center is the central hub of the system. At the broadcast center, the television provider receives signals from various programming sources and beams a broadcast signal to satellites in geostationary orbit. • The satellites receive the signals from the broadcast station and rebroadcast them to the ground. • The viewer's dish picks up the signal from the satellite (or multiple satellites in the same part of the sky) and passes it on to the Set Top Box receiver in the viewer's house. • STB receiver processes the signal and passes it on to a standard television.
  • 9. Set Top Box One of the most important key component of DTH system is SET TOP BOX. Wiki Definition : A set-top box (STB) or set-top unit (STU) is a device that connects to a television and an external source of signal, turning the signal into content which is then displayed on the television screen. What is STB. Why STB ? • Digital Set Top Box is a consumer device • User can get more specialized channels that acts as a receiver or tuner for TV Support for HDTV signals . • No Ghosting • It follows DVB/MPEG standards. • Backward compatible with analog TV’s • They allow users to view premium • Pay as you view channels • Interactive TV (iTV). • Provides internet access. • Near Video On Demand • It is the Key to digital video processing • Internet • Hard drive storage
  • 10. Set top box architecture  Hardware  MPEG Card  Power Supply - SMPS  Front Panel Display  Software  Embedded Operating  Media player  User interface, browser Basic Block Diagram of STB.
  • 11. Set top box Assemblies  Assembly Name - MPEG CARD  PCB Type - FR4 ( 4 Layer )  PCB Finish – HAL  Solder Type – Lead Free ( 80 % of the Card manufacturer uses LF solder )  Assembly Name - SMPS CARD / Front Display  PCB Type - FR2  PCB Finish – OSP  Solder Type – Leaded / Leaf Free ( Depends on Manufacturer ) Note : Data is based on the data of one of the leading DTH system provider in India.
  • 12. Talk of Industry experts • India has around 110 million TV homes, of which, 68 million are cable and satellite (C&S) homes. With over 3.5 million subscribers, DTH penetration is around five per cent of the C&S homes. • A PricewaterhouseCoopers study estimates the figure to reach approx. 10 million by 2010. • Jawaharlal Goel, Head, Business, Dish TV in THE HINDU. "From the current market size of around 3.5 million connections, I estimate that by 2015, DTH will reach 30-35 million” • As per our new research report of Bharat Book “Indian DTH Market Forecast of 2012”, the number of DTH subscribers is forecasted to grow at a CAGR of around 29% during 2009-2012.
  • 13. Forecasted Growth DTH As per our new research report “Indian DTH Market Forecast to 2012”, the number of DTH subscribers is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 29% during 2010-2012. Presently, the DTH subscribers constitute only a small proportion of the total TV household in the country, representing a vast future growth potential.
  • 14. DTH Market Analysis – Subscriber • Current Market Size : 3.5 Million connection • CAGR ( Compound Annual Growth Rate ) – 29 %. (Indian DTH industry to grow at 29% CAGR: Study. Indiantelevision.com) • Forecast 2010 : 4.55 Million connection at CAGR 29 %. • Forecast 2011 : 5.915 Million • Forecast 2012 : 7.7 Million 9.00 8.00 7.7 7.00 5.9 6.00 5.00 4.5 4.00 3.5 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 2009 2010 2011 2012 DTH Connection / Year in 3.5 4.5 5.9 7.7 million.
  • 15. Opportunity for Vendor of STB Manufacturer Material taken for case study : Solder Paste (Consumption / STB PCB – 1.6 gm) 10.00 150.00 7.7 Subscription in 8.00 5.9 120.00% 100.00 6.00 Million 4.5 4.00 68.57% 50.00 2.00 28.57 % 0.00 0.00 2010 2011 2012 Cumm Solder Solder Paste Solder Paste DTH Paste Year Consumption / MPEG Consumption / MPEG Subscription Consumption Card in gm Card in Kg. in % 2009 3500000 5600000 5600 Baseline 2010 4500000 7200000 7200 28.57 2011 5900000 9440000 9440 68.57 2012 7700000 12320000 12320 120.00 Note : Solder Paste consumption per set – 1.6 gm based on data of leading STB manufacturer. Conclusion : Till 2012 cumulatively consumption of raw material require for STB will increase by 120% considering CAGR 29% , creating the huge opportunity for the manufacturer.
  • 16. DTH as a Magic Box Interactive applications such as- • iMatinee (Book cinema tickets), • iTravel (Browse and book travel packages), • iShop (Shop on TV for your favorite brands), • iCity (Get your city’s information) and • Widgets (Update yourself on latest stock news. • Per –Per – View ( PPV) • Online Gaming • Traffic Update • Movie on Demand. • Online Payment via DTH. • Localized Ad Platform. • TV Commerce • … & list go on with days.
  • 17. Benefits Benefits of DTH extends to all sections of the society since DTH has a reach in all areas whether it is remote or urban , it provides equal benefits to everyone. Benefits of DTH are listed below: • Cost effective communication, information and entertainment to all . • Small size terminals can provide up to 4000 TV channels and 2000 radio channels through a click of a button and thus brings world’s at least information, news, entertainment to your home . • DTH services bypasses mediators and thus content provider comes with customer directly. • DTH services are transparent providing digital quality video, audio, radio, and IP to all at equal prices and other benefits with reliability.
  • 18. Conclusion DTH projects in India are just a beginning and we are taking the advantage of DTH revolution. Direct to home connects urban, rural and remote areas of the country and provides desire information communication, education and entertainment at the click of a button. • Broadband noise will have negligible effect on GMRT Observations, as the minimum separation distance is 90 meters with the assumption that there is no DTH system in 100 meter circle from any of the GMRT antennas. Care must be taken for arm antennas. • Narrow band noise can cause RFI, in spectral line observations below 400MHz, if located at about 2 km from a GMRT antenna. Thank You