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Describe the Occurrence of
Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus 2 in
   Jamaicans 40 years and younger,
 including their risk factors, prevention,
  control and the social and economic
                 impacts.
                    Presenters:
                            Jamie- Lee Biggs
                              Sakoya Graf
WHAT IS DIABETES?
WHAT IS DIABETES
  MELLITUS 2?
Epidemic of Type 2 Diabetes (3)
Prevalence in Jamaica
    1960 (>15 years)                                  1.3%
    1970 (25-64 years)                                8.1%
    1995 (>15 years)                       17.9%
    1999 (25-74 years) 13.4%




          Tulloch 1961; Florey et al 1972; Ragoobirsingh et al 1995; Wilks et al
          1999
WHAT IS HYPERTENSION?
Types of Hypertension
• Primary- develops on its own
• Secondary- develops as a result of a
  secondary condition
• Benign- develops in the body but has no
  visible effect on the body
• Malignant- very sever and sudden
  increase of blood pressure.
THE HUMAN HEART
Causes of Diabetes Mellitus 2
•Fat distribution
•Inactive lifestyle
•Ethnicity
•Family history
•Smoking
•Age
Common Symptoms of
          Diabetes Mellitus 2
•   Blurry vision
•   Excess thirst
•   Frequent urination
•   Hunger
•   Weight loss
•   Fatigue
•   Skin irritations- slow healing, infections
• Erectile dysfunction
• Pain or numbness in hands and feet
RISK FACTORS
•   High blood pressure- Hypertension
•   Gestational diabetes
•   Certain dietary pattern
•   Over weight
PREVENTION & CONTROL
PREVENTIONS
• Maintaining a healthy body weight.
• Eating healthy
• Controlling your blood pressure and
  cholesterol
• Quitting smoking
CONTROL
• Tablets to control their blood glucose
  levels. (aspirin)
• Exercising
• Managing blood glucose with insulin
  injections.
Causes of Hypertension
•   Age
•   Family history
•   Pregnancy
•   Poor eating habits
•   Too much salt
•   Smoking
•   Ethnicity
•   Hormones
• Too much alcohol
• Over weight
• Lack of exercise
• Life style
• Kidney disease
• Cardiovascular disorders
 Stress
Symptoms of Hypertension



• THERE ARE NO DISTNCT SYMPTOM
COMMON SYMPTOMS

•   Headaches
•   Dizziness
•   Blurred vision
•   Confusion
•   Coma
Can children have
 Hypertension?
RISK FACTORS
• Cornea disease
• Congestive heart failure
• Stroke
PREVENTION & CONTROL
•   Lifestyle changes
•   Quit Smoking
•   Diet with less cholesterol and salt
•   Regular Exercise
•   Drugs- Antihypertensive drugs; Beta
    blockers
Thank you

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Diabetes and hypertension

Editor's Notes

  1. Summary of both types of diabetes
  2. Hypertension is caused by several factors. Factors such as:
  3. When you have high blood pressure or hypertension you are 3 times the risk to develop cornea disease, 6 times at risk to develop congestive heart disease and 7 time the risk of having a stroke