Chapter1

3. The Social Sciences:
Sociology, Anthropology, and
Political Science

4. Study of Society:
1.Mapping the social forces impinging
on social actors as their lives intersect
in society.
2.Rehearsing the structures and
components of cultural practices and
traditions
3.Exposing the asymmetrical power
distributions among members of social
communities and organizations.

5. SOCIOLOGY

6. What is
Sociology
?

9. What’s with the AlDub
Craze?

10. SOCIOLOGY
Focuses on the ubiquity of social forces in
unlikely forms: sex, gender, religion, class,
race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and the
like.
“the study of human social life,
groups and society”

11. Social forces
 Represent a constellation of unseen yet
powerful forces influencing the behavior of
individuals and institutions.
 normally in the guise of rules, norms,
and expectations

12. Social map
 Person’s specific economic and political
location.

13.  “the vivid awareness of the relationship
between private experience and wider
society” –C. Wright Mills
 it allows the social
actors to discern
opportunities where
there is none by
converting their
personal troubles into
public issues.

14. HISTORY OF
SOCIOLOGY
French Revolution
(1789)
Industrial Revolution
in England (18th
Century)

15. Auguste Comte
(1798-1857)
“Father of Sociology”
He believed that society
operates according to
certain laws, just as the
physical world operates
according to gravity and
other laws of nature.

16. Herbert
Spencer
(1820- 1903)
“Survival of the fittest”
He likened society to an
organism with a life and
vitality of its own.

17. Emile
Durkheim
(1858-1917)
“Niche
Problematique”

18. Social Fact
-it has distinctive characteristics and
determinants which are capable of
holding an external constraints on the
individual

19. Karl Marx
(1818-1883)“The Communist
Manifesto”
He reiterated that
political revolution was
vital in the evolutionary
process of society, the
only means to achieve
improvement of social
condition.

20. Max Weber
(1864-1920)“The most important
proponent of interpretive
sociology”
He believed that a
“sympathetic
understanding,
vertsehen, of the mind of
others” was essential to
understanding the
behavior of others

21. SOCIAL
INTERACTIONISM
“governed by the meanings shared and co-
created by social actors in every interaction
or encounter”
- Charles Horton Cooley
- Herbert Blumer
- George Herbert Mead

24. -Is derived from two Greek words:
Anthropos and logos.
-Studies humans and the respective cultures
where they were born and actively belong.
-Considered the father or even the
grandfather of all social sciences and
behavioral sciences.

25. Franz Boas“father of American
Anthropology”
He believed that the
same method and
strategy could be applied
in measuring culture and
human behavior while
conducting research
among humans including
the uniqueness of their
cultures.

26. Alfred Kroeber and
William Henry
-indigenous rights
like traditional
cultural
preservation and
ancestral domain
of the American
tribes

27. As a Social
Science
-it focuses on human diversity around
the world.
-anthropologist look at cross-cultural
differences in social institutions, cultural
beliefs, and communication styles.

29. CULTURAL
DIVERSITY
Multicultural
ism

30. SOCIAL
DIVERSITY
-refers to the gaps between people
as measured by the presence or
absence of certain socially
desirable traits

31. CASTE SYSTEM
the system of dividing society into

32. CLASS
A person’s position is based upon

33. ESTATE
Gives
emphasis to
birth as well
as wealth
and
possessions

34. SLAVERY
Had economic
basis wherein
the master
shows power
over slave

36. POLITICAL SCIENCE
-The systematic study of government
and politics.
- is the discipline that problematizes the
nature of power and studies how
possession and exercise of power can
shape individual actions and collective
decisions for that matter.

37. The activity through which
people make, preserve, and
amend the general rules
under which they live.

38. POWER
Ability to influence
others. It gives
authority to lead

39. ORDER
Is attained
through
obedience on
the rules set
by leaders

40. JUSTICE
Is felt in a
society with
order.

42. The alteration of mechanisms
within the social structure,
characterized by changes in
cultural symbols, rules of behavior,
social organizations, or value
system.

44. -is an intentional action with the
goal of bringing
about social change.
-The efforts to promote, inhibit, or
(re)direct social, political,
economic, environmental issues
with the desire to make
improvements in society and
correct social injustice.

46. BARON DE
MONTESQUIEU

47. carries out the laws but
cannot make laws to make
themselves powerful.

48. -the part that makes laws

49. the judiciary is responsible
for making sure that
criminals are punished so
that members of the
government cannot ignore
the law as the judiciary can

50. THOMAS HOBBES
the founders of
modern political
philosophy

51. JOHN LOCKEJOHN LOCKE
Father of
Liberalism"