Rise of Athens and Democracy

1. Rise of AthensRise of Athens
http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=IndRAsYX4W4v=IndRAsYX4W4

2. Development of Democracy inDevelopment of Democracy in
AthensAthens
 Classical Athens developed theClassical Athens developed the
mostmost democraticdemocratic system ofsystem of
government the world had evergovernment the world had ever
seen, although not everyone couldseen, although not everyone could
participate inparticipate in decision-makingdecision-making. It. It
became abecame a foundationfoundation of modernof modern
democracies.democracies.

3. Development of Democracy inDevelopment of Democracy in
AthensAthens
 Athenian government evolvedAthenian government evolved
throughthrough many stagesmany stages

4. Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy
 11stst
…Athens was ruled by a…Athens was ruled by a monarchymonarchy
 mono – onemono – one
 archy – rule & governmentarchy – rule & government
 Monarchy –Monarchy – rule by onerule by one
MonoMono
Latin prefixLatin prefix
meaning one.meaning one.
-Archy-Archy
Greek endingGreek ending
combining rule &combining rule &
governmentgovernment

5. Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy
 It evolved into anIt evolved into an aristocracyaristocracy
 aristo – land owneraristo – land owner
 archy – governmentarchy – government
 Aristocracy –Aristocracy – government by landownergovernment by landowner
-Archy-Archy
Greek endingGreek ending
combining rulecombining rule
& government& government
Aristo-Aristo-
Greek meaningGreek meaning
best/land owner.best/land owner.

6. Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy
 Under the aristocracy, AthensUnder the aristocracy, Athens grew ingrew in
powerpower, but some people were, but some people were notnot
happy.happy.
 Merchants and nobles resented theMerchants and nobles resented the
landowners; they demanded greaterlandowners; they demanded greater
rightsrights
 Foreign artisans who produced theForeign artisans who produced the
goods Athens had gotten rich off ofgoods Athens had gotten rich off of
were resentful they were excluded fromwere resentful they were excluded from
citizenship.citizenship.

7. Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy
 Farmers wereFarmers were
also unhappyalso unhappy
because theybecause they
were frequentlywere frequently
forced to sell offforced to sell off
their land totheir land to
nobles in hardnobles in hard
times.times.

8. Development of DemocracyDevelopment of Democracy
 Some evenSome even
had to sellhad to sell
themselvesthemselves
intointo slavery toslavery to
pay bills andpay bills and
debtsdebts (debt(debt
slavery).slavery).

9. Reformers and TyrantsReformers and Tyrants
 The discontent gave rise toThe discontent gave rise to
tyrantstyrants – people who took power– people who took power
by force in order to makeby force in order to make
changes.changes.
 Evolved into a Tyranny!Evolved into a Tyranny!

10. Quick CheckQuick Check
1.1. What was the first type of government inWhat was the first type of government in
Athens?Athens?
2.2. What is an aristWhat is an aristocracy?
3. Did people like aristocracies? Why or
why not?

11. Reformers and TyrantsReformers and Tyrants
 DracoDraco
 Around 620 BCE, heAround 620 BCE, he
wrote the first knownwrote the first known
written law ofwritten law of
Ancient Greece.Ancient Greece.
 He was theHe was the first tofirst to
codify Greek lawcodify Greek law..
Arrange in a
collection

12. Reformers and TyrantsReformers and Tyrants
 SolonSolon
 Appointed “Appointed “archonarchon” or” or
chief official in 594chief official in 594
BCEBCE
 Made a great numberMade a great number
of political andof political and
economiceconomic reformsreforms..

13. Political Reforms of SolonPolitical Reforms of Solon
 OutlawedOutlawed debt slaverydebt slavery
 Freed those who had been soldFreed those who had been sold
for debtsfor debts
 Opened high offices to more citizensOpened high offices to more citizens
 GrantedGranted citizenshipcitizenship to some foreignersto some foreigners
 Gave the Athenian assembly more sayGave the Athenian assembly more say
in important decisionsin important decisions

14. Economic Reforms of SolonEconomic Reforms of Solon
 Encouraged theEncouraged the
export ofexport of Greek wineGreek wine
and olive oiland olive oil
 This helped merchantsThis helped merchants
and farmers byand farmers by
creating greatercreating greater
demand for theirdemand for their
productsproducts

15. Moving Closer to DemocracyMoving Closer to Democracy
 Different reformers and tyrantsDifferent reformers and tyrants
came to power, often with thecame to power, often with the
support of merchants (who hadsupport of merchants (who had
money), farmers, and the poor.money), farmers, and the poor.
 Once in office, these reformersOnce in office, these reformers
passed legislationpassed legislation to benefit theirto benefit their
supporterssupporters

16. Moving Closer to DemocracyMoving Closer to Democracy
 CleisthenesCleisthenes
 Increased theIncreased the role of the average citizenrole of the average citizen
in the Athenian government.in the Athenian government.
 Over time, all male citizens over the ageOver time, all male citizens over the age
of 30 wereof 30 were members of the legislaturemembers of the legislature
 Expected to participate in lawmaking, juries,Expected to participate in lawmaking, juries,
and other government activities.and other government activities.

17. Monarchy:
rule by
one
Aristocracy:
rule by a
few
landowners
Tyranny:
rule by
someone
who takes
power
forcefully,
often with
reform as
the goal.
Democracy:
rule by
citizen
Athenian Steps TowardsAthenian Steps Towards
DemocracyDemocracy

18. Limited but Direct DemocracyLimited but Direct Democracy
 Direct democracyDirect democracy
 One whereOne where everyone voteseveryone votes onon
everything (versus a representativeeverything (versus a representative
democracy where a persondemocracy where a person
“represents” a group)“represents” a group)
 Citizens (free adult males) hadCitizens (free adult males) had
political rights and the responsibilitypolitical rights and the responsibility
of civic participation in government.of civic participation in government.

19. Limited, but Direct Democracy
 Classical Athens’ democratic system became a
foundation for modern democracies, even
though not everyone was allowed to participate
in the decision making.
 Democratic principles that developed from
Athens include the following:
 Direct democracy
 Public debate
 Duties of the citizen

20. Limited but Direct DemocracyLimited but Direct Democracy
 A citizen who did not fulfill hisA citizen who did not fulfill his
duties wasduties was socially disruptivesocially disruptive..
 At the polis of Sparta, such a citizenAt the polis of Sparta, such a citizen
was called "an Inferior."was called "an Inferior."
 At Athens, a citizen who held noAt Athens, a citizen who held no
official position or who was not aofficial position or who was not a
habitual oratorhabitual orator in the Assemblyin the Assembly
(public debates) was branded as(public debates) was branded as
idiotaiidiotai..

21. Limited but Direct DemocracyLimited but Direct Democracy
 Women,Women,
foreigners andforeigners and
slaves hadslaves had nono
political rightspolitical rights..
 Slavery was notSlavery was not
based on race.based on race.
POLITICAL
RIGHTS

22. Quick CheckQuick Check
1.1. Who was the first to codify Greek Law?Who was the first to codify Greek Law?
2.2. What were the steps that led toWhat were the steps that led to
democracy?democracy?
3.3. Who had no political rights in AthenianWho had no political rights in Athenian
Government?Government?
4.4. Who was an archon who led political andWho was an archon who led political and
economic reforms?economic reforms?

23. Birth of DemocracyBirth of Democracy
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvnTx80yhIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vvnTx80yhI