Plants, leaf parts, cross section of a stem, cross section of a leaf, xylem and phloem

1. Plant Parts &
Functions
Jean Lacob
Covering:
5th
grade CA State
Standard 2e

2. Parts of The
Plant
• Roots
• Leaves
• Stem
• Flower
• Seed
Image found at: www.webinstituteforteachers.org

3. Roots
• 2 Types of
Root Systems
– Taproot
– Fibrous
System
Image found at: http://www.puc.edu

4. Roots
Taproot System
Primary roots grow
down from the stem
with some
secondary roots
forming
Image found at: http://www.arboretum.fullerton.edu

5. Roots
Fibrous
Root
System
Small lateral
roots that
spread out just
below the soil
surface Image found at: www.wildmanstevebrill.com

6. Can you identify these root
types?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

7. Root Functions
• Absorption of water and nutrients
– performed by root hairs
• Transportation of water and
nutrients to stem
• Anchor plant to maintain stability
• Store food and water
Roots have 4 primary functions

8. Parts of the Root
• Epidermis
– Outermost layer of cells, like the “skin” of
the root
• Cortex
– Tissue inside epidermis that stores starch
and other substances for the growth of the
root

9. Carrot root cross section, 40X
• A= vascular cylinder contains
the (xylem and phloem)
• B = cortex
• C = endodermis (contains cells
which prevent water from
leaking from the vascular
cylinder)
• D = epidermis (protects the
carrot root and absorbs water)
Image found at: www2.sluh.org/bioweb/microscopy/plantanatomy/carrotrootlabel

10. Xylem and Phloem

11. Cross- section of a stem
Image found at www.karencarr.com

12. Functions of the
Stem
• Transport water and nutrients
from roots to leaves
• Supports leaves, fruit, and
flowers
• Food storage

13. What plants need:
• Watch this animated movie to see what
plants need and what they produce.
• Click Here for movie

14. Important Functions of
Leaves
• Photosynthesis
– Process that plants use to produce
their food
– Carbon Dioxide + Water  Sugar + Oxygen
• Transpiration
– Loss of water and exchange of carbon
dioxide

15. Leaf Parts
• Apex
– Tip of leaf
• Base
– Attaches to petiole
– if petiole is absent,
– attaches directly to stem
• Margin
– Edge of leaf
• Epidermis
– “Skin” of leaf - responsible for gas exchange
• Stomata
– Outside layer of leaf opening in epidermis where gas and
water exchange
• Mesophyll
– Middle layer of leaf where photosynthesis occurs

16. Veins
Stalk
Main
Vein

18. Cross-section of a Leaf
Image at: EnchantedLearning.com