1. GEC BHAVNAGAR
Design &Development of
“MULTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE”.
A PROJECT REPORT
Submitted By
JitendraJha (090210119111)
GautamParmar (090210119096)
KumharSawarmal(100213119004)
Vijay Kumar Mer(090210119047)
In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree
Of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
MECHANICAL
Guided by
Prof.H.N.Jani
GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE
Gujarat Technological University
Vidyanagar, Bhavnagar-364001

2. GEC BHAVNAGAR
GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE, BHAVNAGAR
Gujarat Technological University
Vidyanagar, Bhavnagar-364001
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr.JitendraJha, Mr.GautamParmar,
Mr.VijayKumarMerandMr.KumharSawarmalof BE VIII semester mechanical
engineering enrolment no 090210119111, 090210119096, 090210119047 and
100213119004has satisfactory presented their project entitled “DEVLOPEMENT
OF MULTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE” for the term ending in May
2013
Date:
Internal Guide: - Head of Department
Prof.H.N.Jani

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Acknowledgement
 We feel in great in presenting the report of our project “MUILTI PURPOSE
MECHANICAL MACHINE” which finds application in much modern equipment
and system, this project is done in partial fulfilment of B.M.E. (Bech. in
mechanical engineering) course at the G.E.C Bhavnagar.
 We wish to express our sincere gratitude and thanks to our guide professorMr.
H.N.JANI. During our whole project work for his inspiration give to us and
guidance showered open us. He was greatly helpful to us by solving all our
queries and difficulties. We are also thankful to our head of the department of
mechanical engineering
 Last but not we are thankful to and all out lecturers who showered upon there help
and guidance during the project work and also our friends who always ready to
help.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis deal with design,devlopment and fabrication of “MULTI
PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE”.
This machine is designed for the purpose of MULTI-OPERATIONs i.e.
DRILLING, CUTTING & SHAPING.
This machine perform multipurpose operation at same time with required
speed & this machine is automatic which is controlled or operated by motor
which is run with the help of current.
This machine is based on the mechenism of whitworths return.
This model of the multi OPERATIONAL machine is may be used in industries and domestic
OPERATION which can perform mechanical operation like drilling, cutting &shaping of a thin
metallic as well as wooden model or body.

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LIST OF FIGURE
No Figure Name Page No
1 Whitworth’s Mechanism 9
2 3D View of MPMM 11
3 ACTUAL VIEW of MPMM 12
4 Drilling Machine 20
5 Shaping Machine 21
6 Cutting Machine 22

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LIST OF TABLES
No Table Name Page No
1 Specification of drill 20
2 Specification of hacksaw 23
3 Project Cost 24

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement………………………………… I
Abstract …………………………………………… II
List of Figures ………………………………… III
Chapter: 1 Project Definition
1.1 Problem statement…………………………. 8
1.2 Problem identification................................... 8
Chapter: 2 Mechanism of MULTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL
MACHINE
2.1 Objective……………………………………… 9
2.2 Theory………………………………………… 9
2.3 Whitworth’s Mechanism………………………. 10
Chapter:3 Design of model
3.1 Components…………………………………… 13
3.2 Calculation…………………………………… 14
3.3 Advantage……………………………………. 17
Chapter:4 Operation of Machine
4.1Drilling……………………………………….. 18
4.2Shaping……………………………………… 21

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4.3Cutting……………………………………….. 22
Chapter:5 Project Cost ………………………… 24
Chapter:6 Future Implementation………………….. 25
Chapter:7 Conclusion………………………………… 26
Chapter:8Refrence…………………………………… 27

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Chapter: 1 PROBLEM DEFINITION
1.1 Problem Statement
To design and development of MULTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE, a
structured whichis designed for the purpose of MULTI-OPERATIONs i.e.
DRILLING, CUTTING & SHAPING.
1.2 Problem Identification
This machine perform multipurpose operation at same time with required
speed & this machine is automatic which is controlled or operated by motor
which is run with the help of current.This machine is based on the mechenism of
whit worths return.
This model of the multi OPERATIONAL machine is may be used in industries and domestic
OPERATION which can perform mechanical operation like drilling, cutting & shaping of a thin
metallic as well as wooden model or body.

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Chapter: 2 MECHANISM OF MACHINE
WHITWORTH’S QUICK RETURN MECHANISM
2.1 OBJECTIVE
The objective of this experiment is to investigate the performance of a whitworth quick turn
motion and to verify that the motion does have a quick return stroke and a slow cutting or
forward stroke.
2.2 THEORY
Definition of a mechanism
Mechanisms is a simplified model , usually in the form of a line diagram, whis is used to
reproduse exactly the motion occuring in a machine. The purpose if this reproduction is to enable
the nature of the motion to be investigated without the encumbrance of the various solid bodies
which forms the machine elements.
2.3 WHITWORTH’S QUICK RETURN MECHANISM
Whitworth’s mechanism

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The above diagram showa the mechanism as used on the apparatus. Link 1 on the top diagram is
extended to point A.Aattach to point A is another link with pivot . The other end of this link
terminated in a slider. In a machine tool where this mechanism is used the cutting tool is attached
to this slider.
The link POA rotates about a O. The mechanism is driven by crank PC ehich rotates a about
Cwith constant velocity. The slider at P slides allong POA as the crank is turned. Its path is
shown by the dashed circle, centered on C and through P. Clearly when P is at P1 the slider S is
at the outer extremity of its travel .When P is at P2 the slider S is at the inner extremity of its
travel.
Now as PC rotates with constant velocity the time taken to go from P1 to P2 is less than that
taken to go from P2 to P1. However during both those time intervels the slider as moving the
same distance.Therefore the speed of S is different during the different patrs of cycle.During the
shorter time intervals P1 to P2 the slider as has the greter speed and during the interval P2 to P1
it has slower speed . Thus P1 to P2 is quick return and P2 to P1.
When applied to metal cutting machine the other advantage is variable power distribution during
the cycle .When S is on the return stroke the slider at P is nearer to O and simple moments shows
that the torque applied is low. Hence, the retutn stroke uses less power as P=T.w. During the
cutting stroke the slider at P is at greater radius from O and thus more power is available to
perform useful work in cutting metal.
THUS THE OVERALL PERFORMANCE IS TO PROVIDE HIGH POWER FORWARD
CUTTING STROKE WITH A LOW POWER AND HIGHER SPEED QUICK RETURN
IN PREPARATION FOR THE NEXT CUT.

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Chapter: 3 DESIGN OF MODEL
3D VIEW

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ACTUAL MODEL

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3.1Component of machine
1) FRAME
2) BEVEL GEAR
3) WHITWORTH MECHANISM
4) MOTOR
5) PULLEY
6) BEARING (BALL & SLIDING BEARING)
7) ROCKER ARM
8) HACKSAW BLADE
9) TOOL POST
10) DRILLING CHUCK
11) DRILL TOOL
12) SINGLE CUTTING TOOL
13) TABLE
14) NUT & BOLT
15) OTHER COMPONETS

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3.2 CALCULATION
1. Cutting/shaping Speed
Speed ofmotor (Nm): 2400 rpm
Diameter of pulley A : 25mm
Diameter of pulley B : 160mm
We have to find out Bull wheel speed (Ns):
We know that,
NsNm=Da/Db
Ns=(Da/Db)*Nm
Ns=(25/160)*2400 =375 rpm
Bull Wheel speed(Ns)=375rpm
1 stroke of ram is completed in 1 revolution of crank wheel.
K=1

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Velocity of sawing/Shaping Machine;
Velocity(v)={L*N*(1+K)}/1000 m/min
Length of Ram stroke(L)=50mm
Number of Full stroke(N)=200stroke/min
Ratio of return time to cutting time(K)=1
Hence,
V={L*N*(1+k)}/1000
V={50*200*(1+1)}/1000
V=20m/min
Therefore, velocity or Ram(Cutting/shaping) is 20m/min.
2. Drilling Speed:
Speed of Pinion(Np) : 375rpm
No. of teeth Pinion (Tp) : 10
No. of teeth Gear (Tg) : 18

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We have to find out Speed of gear (Ng)
We know that,
Ng/Np=Tp/Tg
Ng=(Tp/Tg)*Np
Ng=(10/18)*375= 208 rpm
Therefore, Drilling speed is 208rpm.

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3.3ADVANTAGE
 Multi operations are performed at one time
 Our machine is used Return stroke (whit worth) mechanism
 The return stroke of shaper machine is utilized as cutting operation
 All operation is performed by only one motor
 Size is compact therefore it require less space
 Time saving
 Less man power is required
 Low manufacturing & maintenance cost

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Chapter: 4 OPERATION OF MACHINE
Operation performs by machine:-
1. DRILLING
2. SHAPING
3. CUTTING
4.1DRILLING
Drilling is the operation of producing circular hole in the work-piece by using a rotating
cutter called DRILL.
 The machine used for drilling is called drilling machine.
 The drilling operation can also be accomplished in lathe, in which the drill is held in
tailstock and the work is held by the chuck.
 The most common drill used is the twist drill.
Drilling Machine
 It is the simplest and accurate machine used in production shop.
 The work piece is held stationary ie. Clamped in position and the drill rotates to make a
hole.

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Components of drillingmachine
1. Spindle
The spindle holds the drill or cutting tools and revolves in a fixed position in a sleeve.
2. Sleeve
The sleeve or quill assembly does not revolve but may slide in its bearing in a direction
parallel to its axis. When the sleeve carrying the spindle with a cutting tool is lowered, the
cutting tool is fed into the work: and when it’s moved upward, the cutting tool is withdrawn from
the work. Feed pressure applied to the sleeve by hand or power causes the revolving drill to cut
its way into the work a fraction of an mm per revolution.
3. Column
The column is cylindrical in shape and built rugged and solid. The column supports the
head and the sleeve or quill assembly.
4. Head
The head of the drilling machine is composed of the sleeve, a spindle, an electric motor
and feed mechanism. The head is bolted to the column.
5. Worktable
The worktable is supported on an arm mounted to the column. The worktable can be
adjusted vertically to accommodate different heights of work or it can be swung completely out
of the way. It may be tilted up to 90 degree in either direction, to allow long pieces to be end or
angle drilled.
6. Base
The base of the drilling machine supports the entire machine and when bolted to the
floor, provides for vibration-free operation and best machining accuracy. The top of the base is
similar to the worktable and may be equipped with t- slot for mounting work too larger for the
table.
7.Hand Feed

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The hand- feed drilling machines are the simplest and most common type of drilling machines in
use today. These are light duty machine that are operated by the operator, using a feed handled,
so that the operator is able to “feel” the action of the cutting tool as it cuts through the work
piece. These drilling machines can be bench or floor mounted.
8. Power feed
The power feed drilling machine are usually larger and heavier than the hand feed ones
they are equipped with the ability to feed the cutting tool in to the work automatically duty work
or the work that uses large drills that require power feed larger work pieces are usually clamped
directly to the table or base using t –bolts and clamps by a small work places are held in a vice. A
depth –stop mechanism is located on the head, near the spindle, to aid in drilling to a precise
depth.
Drilling machine
Specification:-
Drill size in mm Feed in mm/rev.
3.2 & less 0.025-0.050
3.2 to 6.4 0.050-0.10
6.4 to 12.7 0.10-0.18
12.7 to 25.4 0.18-0.38
25.4 & large 0.38-0.64

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4.2SHAPING
The shaping machine is used to machine flat metal surfaces especially where a large amount of
metal has to be removed. Other machines such as milling machines are much more expensive
and are more suited to removing smaller amounts of metal, very accurately.
 The reciprocating motion of the mechanism inside the shaping machine can be seen in the
diagram. As the disc rotates the top of the machine moves forwards and backwards,
pushing a cutting tool. The cutting tool removes the metal from work which is carefully
bolted down.
 The shaping machine is a simple and yet extremely effective machine. It is used to
remove material, usually metals such as steel or aluminium, to produce a flat surface.
However, it can also be used to manufacture gears such as rack and pinion systems and
other complex shapes. Inside its shell/casing is a crank and slider mechanism that pushes
the cutting tool forward and returns it to its original position. This motion is continuous.
SHAPING MACHINE

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4.3CUTTING
A hacksaw is a fine-tooth saw with a blade held under tensionin a frame, used
for cuttingmaterials such as metal or plastics. Hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal arch with a
handle, usually a pistol grip, with pins for attaching a narrow disposable blade. A screw or other
mechanism is used to put the thin blade under tension. The blade can be mounted with the teeth
facing toward or away from the handle, resulting in cutting action on either the push or pull
stroke. On the push stroke, the arch will flex slightly, decreasing the tension on the blade.
Blades are available in standardized lengths, usually 10 or 12 inches for a standard hand
hacksaw. "junior" hacksaws are half this size. Powered hacksaws may use large blades in a range
of sizes, or small machines may use the same hand blades.
CUTTING OPERATION
Specification of hacksaw
Size of hacksaw blade:-
Thickness;-1.27-2.54 mm
Width;-25.40-50.80mm
Length 304.80-609.60mm

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Work piece material Cutting speed in m/s
Mild Steel 0.75
Cast Iron 0.50
Brass/ Aluminum 1.5
Bronze 1.25
Thin section (pipes & tubes) 1.5

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Chapter : 5 COSTING OF PROJECT
Sr. No. Particulars Total Quantity CostRs./unit Total Coast
1. Motor- 2400rpm 01 1500 1500
2. Bearing 6600 no. 04 80 320
3. Bearing 60x100 01 450 450
4. Gear & pinion 01 620 620
5. Circular Plate(150mmdia) 04 85 340
6. Screw nut Assembly 03 25 75
7. Iron angle thickness 3mm 12kg 80 960
8. Pipe (20mm dia). 5feet 40 200
9. Pulley(160mm dia) 01 270 270
10. Pulley(20mm dia) 01 80 80
11. Rope 01 30 30
12. Drill Chuck 01 110 110
13. Drill Tool(2.5mm) 01 20 20
14. Hacksaw tool 01 20 20
15. Shaping tool 01 15 15
16. Welding Work -- 1200 1200
17. Paint 02 60 120
18. Nut & bolt 02 10 20
19. Lubricant 01 50 50
20. Cable 01 20 20
21. Transportation& Misc. Expenses -- 600 600
TOTAL 7020rs

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Chapter: 6 FUTURE IMPLIMENTATION
 We can perform various operations like cutting , drilling or shaping
individually by introducing coupling ( engagement & disengagement )
between them.
 We can perform Grinding operation by introducing a grinding tool at the
main shaft.
 We can perform boring operation by introducing a boring tool by
replacing drilling tool.
 We can change the speed of motor by regulator.

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Chapter: 7 CONCLUSION
After completing the major project on “MUILTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE” we
are much happy and would like to thank our professor, guides and the lectures of the concerned
department who have guided us.
While making this project we have been able to learn a lot and understand the various aspects of
“MUILTI PURPOSE MECHANICAL MACHINE” we can use our knowledge, which we get
during our study.

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Chapter: 8 Reference
The websites:
 www.technologystudent.com
 www.terry-eng27.blogspot.in
 www.en.wikipedia.org
 www.ask.reference.com
 www.dictionary.reference.com
 www.community.machinedesign.com
 www.gtuinnovationcouncil.ac.in
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsaoTo1vuY4&NR=1&feature=ends
creen
 www.google.com
 www.sciencedirect.com

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The Helpful Books:
 Workshop Technology(Hazrachaudhary)
 Theory of Machine (R.S.Khurmi)
 Machine Design
 Production Technology