Physical web

Jeff Prestes
Physical Web
Giving a URL to everything, including you.

About me…
@jeffprestes
linkedin/in/jeffprestes
github.com/jeffprestes
slideshare.net/jeffprestes
CEO Novatrix
Java, PHP, Go, JavaScript,
Mobile Developer and
IoT Researcher
www.novatrix.com.br

What is it?
@jeffprestes#physicalwebbr

http://physical-web.org

URL for everything
Easily accessible

Beacon

Confidential and Proprietary9
What is a Beacon ?
Movies are worth a 1000 slides, so…
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JrRS8qRYXCQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3QFrZjvp2E0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mc3KmbfxuUQ

Eddystone
Protocol

eddystone-tlm
eddystone-uid
eddystone-url

eddystone-url

https://github.com/google/eddystone/tree/master/eddystone-url

Set the URL to a
URL shortner

Chrome allows until
5 redirections

Important

There’re Chrome’s
requirements
to show
URLs

HTTPS

Cannot have
robot.txt or any other
measure to avoid the
page to be crawled

The URL can’t
be on Google’s
Phising or Spam
list

99% of pages not
shown is due to
does not satisfy
those criteria

Demo

Configuring
Google Chrome
https://support.google.com/chrome/answer/6239299

Advertising
my URL
https://github.com/jeffprestes/node-eddystone-url

var Beacon = require('./node_modules/eddystone-beacon/lib/beacon');
beacon = new Beacon();
var options = {
txPowerLevel: -22, //override TX Power Level, default value is -21
tlmCount: 2, // 2 TLM frames
tlmPeriod: 10 // every 10 advertisements
};
beacon.advertiseUrl('http://www.maquinataxi.com', [options]);

Code Source
example to detect URL
Physical Web App
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=physical_web.org.physicalweb
https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/physical-web/id927653608?mt=8

MainActivity.java
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
BluetoothManager btManager = (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
BluetoothAdapter btAdapter = btManager != null ? btManager.getAdapter() : null;
if (btAdapter == null) {
finish();
return;
}
if (checkIfUserHasOptedIn()) {
ensureBluetoothIsEnabled(btAdapter);
showNearbyBeaconsFragment();
} else {
// Show the oob activity
// Webview to: https://google.github.io/physical-web/mobile/android/getting-started.html
Intent intent = new Intent(this, OobActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
}

NearbyBeaconsFragment.java
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
getActivity().getActionBar().setTitle(R.string.title_nearby_beacons);
getActivity().getActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(false);
getListView().setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
mDiscoveryServiceConnection.connect(true);
}
public synchronized void connect(boolean requestCachedPwos) {
if (mDiscoveryService != null) {
return;
}
mRequestCachedPwos = requestCachedPwos;
Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), PwoDiscoveryService.class);
getActivity().startService(intent);
getActivity().bindService(intent, this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}

PwoDiscoveryService.java
/**
* This is a service that scans for nearby Physical Web Objects.
* It is created by MainActivity.
* It finds nearby ble beacons, and stores a count of them.
* It also listens for screen on/off events
* and start/stops the scanning accordingly.
* It also silently issues a notification informing the user of nearby beacons.
* As beacons are found and lost, the notification is updated to reflect
* the current number of nearby beacons.
*/
public class PwoDiscoveryService extends Service
private void initialize() {
mNotificationManager = NotificationManagerCompat.from(this);
mPwoDiscoverers = new ArrayList<>();
mPwoDiscoverers.add(new BlePwoDiscoverer(this));
for (PwoDiscoverer pwoDiscoverer : mPwoDiscoverers) {
pwoDiscoverer.setCallback(this);
}
...
}

BlePwoDiscoverer.java
public class BlePwoDiscoverer extends PwoDiscoverer
implements BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback {
mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(this);

mScanFilterUuids = new ParcelUuid[]{URIBEACON_SERVICE_UUID, EDDYSTONE_URL_SERVICE_UUID};
@Override
public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, final int rssi, final byte[] scanBytes) {
if (!leScanMatches(ScanRecord.parseFromBytes(scanBytes))) {
return;
}
UriBeacon uriBeacon = UriBeacon.parseFromBytes(scanBytes);
if (uriBeacon == null) {
return;
}
String url = uriBeacon.getUriString();
if (!URLUtil.isNetworkUrl(url)) {
return;
}
PwoMetadata pwoMetadata = createPwoMetadata(url);
pwoMetadata.setBleMetadata(device.getAddress(), rssi, uriBeacon.getTxPowerLevel());
pwoMetadata.bleMetadata.updateRegionInfo();
reportPwo(pwoMetadata);
}
BlePwoDiscoverer.java

/**
* Parse scan record bytes to Eddystone
* The format is defined in Eddystone specification.
*
* @param scanRecordBytes The scan record of Bluetooth LE advertisement and/or scan response.
*/
public static UriBeacon parseFromBytes(byte[] scanRecordBytes) {
byte[] serviceData = parseServiceDataFromBytes(scanRecordBytes);
...
if (serviceData != null && serviceData.length >= 2) {
int currentPos = 0;
byte txPowerLevel = serviceData[currentPos++];
byte flags = (byte) (serviceData[currentPos] >> 4);
serviceData[currentPos] = (byte) (serviceData[currentPos] & 0xFF);
String uri = decodeUri(serviceData, currentPos);
return new UriBeacon(flags, txPowerLevel, uri);
}
return null;
}
UriBeacon.java

private static String decodeUri(byte[] serviceData, int offset) {
if (serviceData.length == offset) {
return NO_URI;
}
StringBuilder uriBuilder = new StringBuilder();
if (offset < serviceData.length) {
byte b = serviceData[offset++];
String scheme = URI_SCHEMES.get(b);
if (scheme != null) {
uriBuilder.append(scheme);
if (URLUtil.isNetworkUrl(scheme)) {
return decodeUrl(serviceData, offset, uriBuilder);
} else if ("urn:uuid:".equals(scheme)) {
return decodeUrnUuid(serviceData, offset, uriBuilder);
}
}
Log.w(TAG, "decodeUri unknown Uri scheme code=" + b);
}
return null;
}
UriBeacon.java

/**
* URI Scheme maps a byte code into the scheme and an optional scheme specific prefix.
*/
private static final SparseArray<String> URI_SCHEMES = new SparseArray<String>() {{
put((byte) 0, "http://www."); put((byte) 1, "https://www.");
put((byte) 2, "http://"); put((byte) 3, "https://");
put((byte) 4, "urn:uuid:"); // RFC 2141 and RFC 4122};
}};
/**
* Expansion strings for "http" and "https" schemes. These contain strings appearing anywhere in a
* URL. Restricted to Generic TLDs. <p/> Note: this is a scheme specific encoding.
*/
private static final SparseArray<String> URL_CODES = new SparseArray<String>() {{
put((byte) 0, ".com/"); put((byte) 1, ".org/");
put((byte) 2, ".edu/"); put((byte) 3, ".net/");
put((byte) 4, ".info/"); put((byte) 5, ".biz/");
put((byte) 6, ".gov/"); put((byte) 7, ".com");
put((byte) 8, ".org"); put((byte) 9, ".edu");
put((byte) 10, ".net"); put((byte) 11, ".info");
put((byte) 12, ".biz"); put((byte) 13, ".gov");
}};
UriBeacon.java

Use cases
examples

Transportation
use cases for
Visual Impaired Persons

Commerce
use cases for
Visual Impaired Persons

Museums
use cases

Physical Web
http://physical-web.org

I’d love to hear
your questions.
Thanks.
Jeff Prestes
@jeffprestes
linkedin.com/in/jeffprestes
Slideshare.com/jeffprestes
Github.com/jeffprestes
www.novatrix.com.br

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Editor's Notes