The Firma Model
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This presentation contains the argument for the need of a framework (the Firma Model developed with Terence Fenn) to assist the human centered design process when dealing with problems of great complexity and situated in society. This is a theoretical piece and explains the model in some detail. This presentation was delivered at the Spring UXSF in Tokyo, Japan 2015 hosted by Sociomedia
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The Firma Model
- 1. The Firma Model Sociomedia UXSF 2015 Summer by J Hobbs
- 10. Studio Ghibli - http://www.superbwallpapers.com/anime/studio-ghibli-characters-36913/
- 28. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 29. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 30. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 31. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 32. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 33. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 34. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 35. Photo by Tegan Bristow
- 43. The need for a new information architecture
- 44. Information is all around us, in both physical and digital domains.
- 45. However the entry into the information age, and more importantly the information economy, has meant that what was previously hidden or in the background has become foregrounded.
- 46. And the world in general (not just business) is struggling to come to terms with this.
- 47. This is how I try explain it:
- 48. Pierre Bourdieu Habitus …[the] lifestyle, the values, the dispositions and expectation of particular social groups that are acquired through the activities and experiences of everyday life…the habitus could be understood as a structure of the mind characterized by a set of acquired schemata, sensibilities, dispositions and taste. The particular contents of the habitus are a complex result of embodying social structures—such as the gender, race, and class discrimination […] - that are then reproduced through tastes, preferences, and actions for future embodiment…
- 52. Science, religion, history… all these contain the hidden information architectures of the Habitus.
- 53. Information architectures in the Habitus: • Emerge as self-organising systems • Orient around areas of knowledge (or topics) • Provide nodes for exchange and the interpretation of information • Develop identity over time and facilitate shared practice and collective learning • Develop bodies of knowledge and associated storage for this knowledge over time • Apply social means of validating new knowledge for inclusion • Contain values important to the community • Intersect with other adjacent information architectures
- 57. And perhaps most importantly, they present themselves, when well established, as ‘reality’.
- 59. Three important points relate to our discussion today: 1. We understand these information architectures semantically 2. We live in a time where these information architectures interlock with adjacent architectures 3. Such that we are presented by a world of fractured semantics
- 61. And businesses have their own information architectures that interlock with other architectures
- 62. Lastly, When change, driven from shifts in the use of information effect our world, we tend to be unprepared.
- 65. Unless you have a trained eye, its very hard to see this stuff.
- 66. And therefore it’s hard to understand what’s going on, how to respond to change and how to make choices.
- 67. What does this mean for design?
- 68. USER EXPERIENCE DESIGN OR USER CENTERED DESIGN
- 69. USER CENTERED DESIGN OR HUMAN CENTERED DESIGN
- 70. DT SD UX
- 71. WHY DOES THIS MATTER?
- 81. You will get the answers you want from the questions you ask.
- 82. DT SD UX How do people make payments online?
- 83. DT SD UX How do people make payments? How do people make payments online?
- 84. DT SD UX How (and why) do people bank? How do people make payments? How do people make payments online?
- 85. …because users don’t make the distinctions between digital and non (and many others things) in the way that we do.
- 87. The limits to HCD
- 88. Complexity arises when we adopt a humanistic approach (that situates design problems in society) and when we start to remove assumption. This complexity is an important challenge to address in contemporary design practice.
- 89. We lack …tools to assist in initial problem framing
- 90. We lack …tools to assist in initial problem framing …‘big picture’ models that appreciate unexpected stakeholders
- 91. We lack …tools to assist in initial problem framing …‘big picture’ models that appreciate unexpected stakeholders …tools for a broad critique of design
- 92. We lack …tools to assist in initial problem framing …‘big picture’ models that appreciate unexpected stakeholders …tools for a broad critique of design …and models to assist in tracing design solutions back to problem framing
- 93. Without models to assist us with this complexity we are at risk. 1. A faulty framing will result in a faulty solution 2. This can result in lengthy, and costly iteration, as we stumble blindly for the solution 3. HCD (and UCD) emphasise the user, the business and the context of use however other stakeholders exist that can impact framings and solutions 4. Critique without a broad view, suffers the same challenges as the previous points
- 96. RESEARCH IDEATION PROTOTYPING A MODEL FOR RESEARCH A MODEL FOR CHANGE A MODEL FOR CRITIQUE
- 97. The Firma Model: A meta-framework
- 98. Common areas of exploration: The user The business The marketplace The context of use (environment)
- 101. The user The business The marketplace Context of use (environment)
- 104. Areas of concern
- 105. Areas of concern Immediate areas of concern Contextual areas of concern Paradigmatic areas of concern
- 106. Areas of concern Immediate areas of concern The organisation, users, the marketplace and legacy Contextual areas of concern The environment (physical and technological) and society Paradigmatic areas of concern Economy, politics, culture and history
- 107. The user The business The marketplace Legacy Environment Society Politics Economics Culture History
- 108. IMMEDIATE AREAS OF CONCERN CONTEXTUAL AREAS OF CONCERN PARADIGMATIC AREAS OF CONCERN TOP DOWN INFLUENCE WHERE IMMEDIATE AND PARADIGMATIC FACTORS PLAY OUT I.E. IN THE SPACES WHERE SOCIETY EXISTS BOTTOM UP INFLUENCE
- 109. USERS, ORGANISATION, MARKETPLACE, LEGACY ENVIRONMENT & SOCIETY POLITICS, ECONOMICS, CULTURE & HISTORY
- 110. USERS, ORGANISATION, MARKETPLACE, LEGACY ENVIRONMENT & SOCIETY POLITICS, ECONOMICS, CULTURE & HISTORY IMMEDIATE CONCERNS CONTEXTUAL CONCERNS PARADIGMATIC CONCERNS }
- 112. USERS, ORGANISATION, MARKETPLACE, LEGACY ENVIRONMENT & SOCIETY POLITICS, ECONOMICS, CULTURE & HISTORY NARROW AND DEEP INFLUENCE MEDIUM INFLUENCE BROAD AND SHALLOW INFLUENCE
- 113. The model for research
- 114. The model for research This provides the information architecture of the problem-ecology: - Build a relational logic between factors to ‘tell the story’ of the problem - Acknowledges assumption - We look for paradox, conflict and contradiction
- 115. The model for strategy
- 116. The model for strategy This provides the information architecture of the solution-ecology: - Why is the problem a problem? And for whom? - It is the ‘theory for change’ - It is synthetic, not analytical in nature - It provides the framing for ideation
- 118. The model for critique
- 119. The model for critique - Knowing which areas are of concern focuses where we should look for impact - Conventional methods for assessing impact and measuring change can be used in conjunction - We seek UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES
- 120. It provides traceability, sustainability and accountability
- 122. Artist: Marc Erusmas
Editor's Notes
- 2008 / 9
- JAG Snag – Shibuya crossings / open systems
- Urban decay
- New York of Africans African cosmopolitan
- We interpret reality through the lense of information and this information is architected, with intentionality, from within specific systems of understanding (in this example: geography)
- Trompsburg Cross
- Quantum physics: things we can prove but cannot explain Some believe that mathematics is the information architecture that explains everything!
- Multiple religions exist, often at odds with each other, but all with their own information architectures (morals, beliefs, symbols, codes, histories…)
- The cold war: America’s history vs. Russia’s There is no single history but within each historical information architecture they are valid
- This is the root cause of intolerance
- Stars and galaxies are like our multiple information architectures…unimaginably large and interlocking
- Sylvain Cottong (A common story) Design thinking – service design – user experience design
- Cure vs solution Anti retro virals Education Well being
- Xenophobia: foreigners or SA’n economic challenges
- High rate of crime in SA. We have one of the largest disparities between rich and poor in the world
- indeterminacy
- HCD = human centered design
- And perhaps the biggest challenge of all: complexity manifests as very large amounts of data that needs to be organised to be understood.
- The three primary aims of the Firma Model are to: Provide a generic research framework that can be applied to broadly and deeply explore and define problem ecologies Identify key areas of concern within the problem ecology and thus assist in articulating the design strategy (i.e. how should the areas of concern be changed) Lastly, provide the basis for critiquing the resultant design solution based on a knowledge of what the problem was and the desired change
- Is this the whole picture?
- Detective novel
- Artist - Marc Erusmas