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CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS By JGHT Repetition is the mother of learning. Latin Proverb
Why do we need to classify and name living things? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Methods of classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Biological classification is: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What then is Taxonomy? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],HISTORY OF CLASSIFICATION
Further subdivided into Green and doesn’t move Not Green and moves PLANTS ANIMALS
[object Object],SIZE HERBS SHRUB TREES Small Medium Large
[object Object],Water Land Air HABITAT
The Modern Taxonomic System  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2 kingdoms by Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778) Linnaeus wrote a huge  encyclopedia of life “ Systema Naturae”  (system of nature), containing all living things at that time.  PLANTS ( Regnum Vegetabile) ANIMALS (Regnum Animale)
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Historically, the number of kingdoms in widely accepted classifications has grown from two to six. However, phylogenetic research from about 2000 onwards does not support any of the traditional systems.
Modern Classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Most General (Largest Group) Most Specific (Smallest Group)
OH..SO GOOD! YUMMY!...LOL LEVEL  GROUPS L1  Kingdom  SNACKS L2  Phylum  BREAD  PASTRY L3  Class  DONUTS  PLAIN L4  Order  DUNKIN  MISTER L5  Family  ROUND  TWISTED L6  Genus  NO HOLES  WITH HOLES L7  Species
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],KINGDOM Animal Animal Animal Animal PHYLUM Chordata Chordata Chordata Chordata CLASS Mammilia Mammilia Mammilia Mammilia ORDER Carnivora Carnivora Carnivora Carnivora FAMILY Felidae Felidae Felidae Canidae GENUS Felis Felis Panthera Canis SPECIES domesticus leo pardus lupus
Which two organisms are most closely related? KINGDOM Animal Animal Animal Plant PHYLUM Chordata Chordata Arthropoda Tracheophyta CLASS Mammilia Reptilia Insecta Angiospermae ORDER Primates Chelonia Diptera Fagales FAMILY Hominidae Emydidae Culicdae Fagaceae GENUS Homo Terrapene Theobaldia Quercus SPECIES sapiens carolina anulata alba
 
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Confusion in using different names in all languages
 
 
Roadrunner Speedea blazi Coyote Hungrais maximus
FIRST SECOND Genus species Capatilized Lower case Italicized or  Underlined
Example:  Felis domesticus   F. domesticus
Latin or Greek names are understood by all taxonomists
 
 
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Domains
Archaea  live in  harsh environments  and may represent the first cells to have evolved. Sewage treatment plants, thermal vents, etc.
Eubacteria,  some of which cause human diseases, are present in almost  all habitats  on earth. Many bacteria are important  environmentally and commercially. Live in the intestines of animals
Domain Eukarya is Divided into Kingdoms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Protista ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fungi ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Plantae ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Animalia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 
Taxons ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
Basis for Modern Taxonomy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Homologous Structures  show Similarities in mammals.
Similarities in Vertebrate Embryos
Cladogram ,[object Object]
Primate Cladogram
 
Dichotomous Keying ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example of Dichotomous Key ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Weblinks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THANK YOU. ,[object Object]

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Classification of Living Things ExplainedTITLEThe Basics of Biological Classification TITLEA Guide to Taxonomy and Organism Classification

  • 1. CLASSIFICATION OF LIVING THINGS By JGHT Repetition is the mother of learning. Latin Proverb
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Further subdivided into Green and doesn’t move Not Green and moves PLANTS ANIMALS
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. Historically, the number of kingdoms in widely accepted classifications has grown from two to six. However, phylogenetic research from about 2000 onwards does not support any of the traditional systems.
  • 13.
  • 14. Most General (Largest Group) Most Specific (Smallest Group)
  • 15. OH..SO GOOD! YUMMY!...LOL LEVEL GROUPS L1 Kingdom SNACKS L2 Phylum BREAD PASTRY L3 Class DONUTS PLAIN L4 Order DUNKIN MISTER L5 Family ROUND TWISTED L6 Genus NO HOLES WITH HOLES L7 Species
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. Which two organisms are most closely related? KINGDOM Animal Animal Animal Plant PHYLUM Chordata Chordata Arthropoda Tracheophyta CLASS Mammilia Reptilia Insecta Angiospermae ORDER Primates Chelonia Diptera Fagales FAMILY Hominidae Emydidae Culicdae Fagaceae GENUS Homo Terrapene Theobaldia Quercus SPECIES sapiens carolina anulata alba
  • 19.  
  • 20.  
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.  
  • 24. Confusion in using different names in all languages
  • 25.  
  • 26.  
  • 27. Roadrunner Speedea blazi Coyote Hungrais maximus
  • 28. FIRST SECOND Genus species Capatilized Lower case Italicized or Underlined
  • 29. Example: Felis domesticus F. domesticus
  • 30. Latin or Greek names are understood by all taxonomists
  • 31.  
  • 32.  
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35. Archaea live in harsh environments and may represent the first cells to have evolved. Sewage treatment plants, thermal vents, etc.
  • 36. Eubacteria, some of which cause human diseases, are present in almost all habitats on earth. Many bacteria are important environmentally and commercially. Live in the intestines of animals
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.  
  • 43.  
  • 44.
  • 45.  
  • 46.
  • 47. Homologous Structures show Similarities in mammals.
  • 49.
  • 51.  
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 55.

Editor's Notes

  1. Growth, with increases in size and number of cells, is part of development. Development involves many stages from conception until death.