3. Teaching Scheme and
Examination Scheme
Lecture – 3 Hrs / Week
Theory Paper – 100 Marks
Practical - 2 Hrs / WeekPractical - 2 Hrs / Week
Term Work – 25 Marks
4. Course Objectives
This course should result in
1. Thorough understanding of
Generation of Waste water in different
industries.industries.
2. Imparting Basic knowledge of waste
water treatment options for different
industries.
3. Basic knowledge of legislation of
pollution control.
5. Unit 1
Use of water in industry, Sources of
wastewater, quality, and quantity
variation in waste discharge, water
budgeting, characterization andbudgeting, characterization and
monitoring of wastewater flow, stream
standards and effluent standards.
6. Unit 2
Waste volume and strength reduction,
In –Plant measure, good housekeeping,
Process change, leakage prevention,
segregation, recycling, neutralization,segregation, recycling, neutralization,
equalization and proportioning of
waste.
7. Unit 3
Water quality monitoring of streams,
Self-purification of stream, B.O.D.
reaction rate, D.O. Sag curve and D.O.
deficit calculations. Classification ofdeficit calculations. Classification of
streams.
9. Unit 5
Different types of waste treatment and their
selections, Development of treatment flow
diagram based on characteristics of waste.
10. Unit 6
Manufacturing processes in major
industries, water requirements, wastewater
sources, composition of wastes, Viz: Sugar,
Distillery, Dairy, Pulp and Paper mill,
Fertilizer, Tannery, Chemical, SteelFertilizer, Tannery, Chemical, Steel
Industry, power Plants, Textile
Treatment flow sheets, alternative methods
of treatment, factors affecting efficiency of
treatment plant.
11. Unit 7
Acclimatization of bacteria to toxic
wastes, Process Sensitivity, operation
and maintenance requirements.and maintenance requirements.
12. Unit 8
Water pollution control act,
Organizational set up of central and
state boards for water pollution control,
classification of river on water use,classification of river on water use,
minimal national standards, and
socioeconomic aspects of water
pollution control.
13. Term Work should consist of:
1) Characterization and Treatment
plant and design of any one of the
above mentioned industry.
2) Assignments / Solution of
problems on B.O.D. reaction rate,
Self – purification of streams.
14. Industrial visits: Minimum three
1. Textile mill – Solapur MIDC
2. Sugar and distillery – Near by Solapur
3. Dairy- Near by Solapur or Shriber3. Dairy- Near by Solapur or Shriber
dynamics, Baramati or Akluj
4. Paper and pulp – Kurkumbh MIDC (Near
Bhigwan)
5. Tannery - Kolhapur
15. Reference Books:-
1. Waste Water Engineering – Metcalf Eddy - Mc
Graw Hill Publications (Soft copy available).
2. Industrial Waste Treatment - Nelson
Nemerow, Addison – Wesley (Soft copy
available)available)
3. Industrial Waste Treatment – Rao and Datta,
Oxford and IBH Publishing Co.Pvt.Ltd., New
Delhi
4. Industrial Waste Water Treatment- Dr. A. D.
Patwardhan, Prentice Hall of India
16. 5. Water and Waste Water Engg.- Fair G.M.,
Gayer J.C. and Okun D.A. , John
Wiley Publication
6. Water and Waste Water Technology,
M.J.Hammer and M.J.Hammer(Jr.)
7. Wastewater Engineering- Dr B C7. Wastewater Engineering- Dr B C
Punmia, Laxmi Publications
17. Introduction
Industrial wastewater treatment
covers the mechanisms and
processes used to treat wastewaters
that have been contaminated in somethat have been contaminated in some
way by anthropogenic (man made)
industrial or commercial activities
prior to its release into the environment
or its re-use.
18. Most industries produce some wet
waste.
Although recent trends/studies in
the developed world have been to
minimize such production or
recycle such waste within therecycle such waste within the
production process.
However, many industries remain
dependent on processes that
produce wastewaters.
19. Industrial Effluent
One of the major reasons for the diminishing
water quality is due to industrial effluents
released to the water bodies which in turn cause
significant effect to the marine organisms and
plants as well as to the human health.plants as well as to the human health.
Industrial processes generate natural and
synthetic organic chemicals while sewage
discharge contains organic substances such
as carbohydrates, lignin, fats, soap,
synthetic detergents and proteins.
20. The presence of inorganic substances
including a number of potentially toxic
elements such as arsenic, cadmium,
chromium, copper, lead, mercury, zinc
and others resulting from domestic and
industrial sources may also contribute to
the unfavorable effect towards the quality ofthe unfavorable effect towards the quality of
the water.
Also the effluents generated from the
industries contain high COD, BOD and PH.
21. Therefore it is necessary for Effluent
Treatment Plants to maintain their
COD, BOD and other parameters of
their effluent to meet specifications
decided by pollution control boards
(Effluent standards).(Effluent standards).
The lists of major polluting industrial
sector are shown in next slides
25. There are numerous processes that can be
used to treat effluent depending on the type
and extent of contamination.
This effluent can be treated by Effluent
Treatment Plant which may include
physical, chemical and biologicalphysical, chemical and biological
treatment processes.
The most important aerobic treatment
system is the activated sludge process.
26. Anaerobic processes are also widely used
in the treatment of industrial wastewaters
and biological sludge.
Modern systems include tertiary treatment
by micro filtration or synthetic
membranes.membranes.
After membrane filtration, the treated
wastewater is indistinguishable from
waters of natural origin of drinking quality.
27. Disposal of wastewaters from an
industrial plant is a difficult and costly
problem.
Most of the industries have onsite
facilities to treat their wastewaters so
that the pollutant concentrations in thethat the pollutant concentrations in the
treated effluent comply with the local
and/or national regulations regarding
disposal of wastewaters into
community treatment plants or into
rivers, lakes or oceans.
28. Nowadays, due to the increasing
presence of molecules, the
conventional biological methods
cannot be used for complete treatment
of the effluent and hence, introduction
of newer technologies to degrade theseof newer technologies to degrade these
molecules into smaller molecules,
which can be further oxidized by
biological methods, has become
imperative.
29.
30. Treatment level Description
Preliminary
Removal of wastewater constituents
such as rags, sticks, floatable, grit,
and grease that may cause
maintenance or operational problem
with the treatment operations,
processes, and ancillary system.
Treatment level of wastewater :
processes, and ancillary system.
Primary
Removal of portion of the suspended
solids and organic matter from the
wastewater
Advanced primary
Enhanced removal of suspended
solids and organic matter from the
wastewater. Typically accomplished
by chemical addition or filtration
31. Secondary
Removal of biodegradable organic matter (in
solution or suspension) and suspended solids.
Secondary with
nutrient removal
Removal of biodegradable organics, suspended
solids, and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous)
Removal of residual suspended solids (after
secondary treatment), usually by granular
Tertiary
secondary treatment), usually by granular
medium filtration or micro screens. Nutrient
removal and disinfection is also the part of
tertiary treatment
Advanced
Removal of dissolved and suspended materials
remaining after normal biological treatment
when required for various water reuse
applications
32. Water use in India
Industrial Sector Annual
wastewater water
discharge
(million cubic
meters) (%)
Annual
consumption
(million cubic
meters)
Proportion
of water consumed
in industry
Thermal power
plants
27000.9 35157.4 87.87
Engineering 1551.3 2019.9 5.05
Pulp and paper 695.7 905.8 2.26
Textiles 637.3 829.8 2.07
Steel 396.8 516.6 1.29
Sugar 149.7 194.9 0.49
Fertiliser 56.4 73.5 0.18
Others 241.3 314.2 0.78
Total 30729.2 40012.0 100.0
Source: Estimated by CSE based on the wastewater discharged data published by
CPCB in "Water quality in India (Status and trends) 1990 - 2001".
33. Objective Questions
1. Industrial waste contains high ____________ and
___________ values.
2. After _________________, the treated wastewater is
indistinguishable from waters of natural origin of
drinking quality.drinking quality.
3. In secondary treatment _____________________ is
removed.
34. Theory Questions
Q1. Write a note on ‘ Overview of Industrial
treatment’.
Q2. Explain different treatment levels ofQ2. Explain different treatment levels of
wastewater.
