4. Insects Are ArthropodsInsects Are Arthropods
โข Insects are the largest group of
Arthropods
โข Jointed appendages (bendable)
โข Segmented bodies
โข Exoskeleton of Chitin that must
be molted to grow
โข Related to spiders, ticks,
scorpions, millipedes, crustaceans
5. MAIN CHARACTERISTICSMAIN CHARACTERISTICS
โข Three body regions
โ head, thorax, and abdomen
โข One pair antenna (head)
โข Six legs or 3 pairs (thorax)
โข One-two pairs of wings (thorax)
6.
7. Count the Legs!Count the Legs!
There are ALWAYS SIXSIX legs, and they are
attached to the THORAXTHORAX
8. AntennaAntenna
โข One Pair on head
โข Jointed
โข Sensory (smell)
โข Called โfeelersโ
โข Filiform most
common shape
(segments = size)
โข May be modified
FILIFORM
10. Wings or No WingsWings or No Wings
โข Most adults have 2
pairs
โข Called forewings and
hindwings
โข Some insects are
wingless (silverfish,
fleas, some termites
and ants)
11. More on WingsMore on Wings
A network of Veins strengthens wings
MEMBRANEOUS (clear) WINGSMEMBRANEOUS (clear) WINGS
12. Some Wings Are Covered
With Powdery Scales
BUTTERFLIES & MOTHSBUTTERFLIES & MOTHS
13. Wings May Be ModifiedWings May Be Modified
โข Order Diptera
(flies)
โข 2nd
pair of wings
modified into
HALTERES
โข Used for
balance
โข Makes flies
hard to catch!
14. Beetle WingsBeetle Wings
โข Hard Forewing called
Elytra
โข Meet in straight line
down the abdomen
โข Membranous
hindwings folded
underneath (flight)
ELYTRA
17. Why Canโt I Call All of ThemWhy Canโt I Call All of Them
Bugs?Bugs?
โข EVERY BUGEVERY BUG is an
insect, but NOT ALLNOT ALL
INSECTSINSECTS are bugs!
โข True BUGS are in the
Order HEMIPTERAHEMIPTERA
โข Posterior thorax isPosterior thorax is
triangulartriangular; called; called
SCUTELLUMSCUTELLUM
โข Last 3Last 3rdrd
of wing CLEARof wing CLEAR
20. ColeopteraColeoptera
โข Called beetlesbeetles
โข Tough
exoskeletonexoskeleton
โข Forewings
called ElytraElytra
โขFly with
membranous
hindwings
โขLarva called
grubs
Rhinoceros beetleRhinoceros beetle
Cucumber beetleCucumber beetle
Ladybird beetleLadybird beetle
21. Ephemeroptera
โข Called MayfliesMayflies
โข Juveniles are
aquaticaquatic; called naiadsnaiads
โข Adults found nearAdults found near
water &water & donโt feeddonโt feed
โข Adults reproduce &Adults reproduce &
die in 24 hoursdie in 24 hours
โข SoftSoft bodies with 2bodies with 2
longlong CeriCeri (tail fibers)(tail fibers)
ADULT
NAIAD
22. Diptera
โข Contains
mosquitoesmosquitoes &
fliesflies
โข One pairOne pair
functional wings
โข Club-shaped
haltereshalteres for
balance
โข Bodies often
hairyhairy
Green Bottle flyGreen Bottle fly Hover FlyHover Fly
Fruit Fly Aedes MosquitoAedes Mosquito
23. Dermaptera
โข Called earwigsearwigs
โข Long, flatflat bodies
โข ForcepsForceps (pincers)
on end of abdomen
โข Short, hardShort, hard
forewingsforewings
(membranous wings
folded underneath
โข Large jaws
(mandiblesmandibles) on head
EARWIG EATINGEARWIG EATING
CATERPILLARCATERPILLAR
PINCERS
24. Orthoptera
โข Grasshoppers, locusts,Grasshoppers, locusts,
crickets, katydidscrickets, katydids
โข Very longlong bodies
โข Rear legs modified for
jumpingjumping
โข Females with egg
laying tube (ovipositor
on end of abdomen)
โข Often communicate
with chirping sounds
25. Lepidoptera
โข Moths, butterflies, &Moths, butterflies, &
skippersskippers
โข SiphoningSiphoning mouthparts
coiled under head
โข Powdery scalesPowdery scales on wings
โข Butterflies fold wings
flatflat above body at rest
โข MothsMoths are night activenight active
โข Important plant
pollinators
26. Neuroptera
โข LacewingsLacewings
โข Net veinedNet veined wings
โข Small, delicate
insects
โข Long antennaLong antenna
โข Predators on
other insects
โข May feed on
nectar
28. Isoptera
โข TermitesTermites
โข Live in coloniescolonies
โข Feed on woodwood
โข Soft bodiesSoft bodies &
short antenna
โข CastesCastes โ
workers,
soldiers, kings,
and queen
29. Mecoptera
โข Scorpion fliesScorpion flies
โข Last abdominalabdominal
segments curvedsegments curved like
scorpion
โข Two pairs of narrownarrow
wingswings
โข Head elongated into
a beak (rostrum)beak (rostrum)
โข LongLong antenna
30. Homoptera
โข Cicadas, leafCicadas, leaf
hoppers, winglesshoppers, wingless
aphidsaphids
โข If wings present,
held roof likeroof like
over body &
membranousmembranous
โข Piercing-suckingPiercing-sucking
mouthparts
Aphids
Cicada
Leafhopper
31. Odonata
โข Dragonflies &Dragonflies &
damselfliesdamselflies
โข DragonfliesDragonflies hold
clear wings spread
perpendicularperpendicular to
body at rest
โข DamselfliesDamselflies hold
clear wings togethertogether
over abdomenover abdomen
33. Hymenoptera
โข Bees, ants,Bees, ants,
waspswasps
โข Narrow waiNarrow waist
connects thorax
& abdomen
โข Abdomen curvedAbdomen curved
downward
โข May have stingerstinger
on end of
abdomen
Carpenter bee
Red
ant
Yellow jacket
35. ThysanuraThysanura
โข Called Silverfish
โข Found around houses or
outside under stones
or wood
โข Fast runners
โข Damage books
โข Secretive and active
at night.
โข Flat, long bodies
โข Long antennae
โข Three, long, tail like
appendages
38. Collembola
โข Called springtailsspringtails
โข Small & soft
bodied
โข FurculaFurcula (jumping
mechanism) on
abdomen
โข Furcula folds underfolds under
the bodythe body at rest
โข Found in decayingdecaying
plant materialplant material
39. Anoplura
โข Sucking liceSucking lice
โข ParasitesParasites of
mammals
โข Very smallsmall
โข HeadHead and bodybody
licelice are
examples
โข Attracted to
childrenโs fine
hair
โข Carry disease
40. Mallophaga
โข Biting liceBiting lice
โข External
parasites on birdsbirds
& mammals& mammals
โข Broad headBroad head &
flattened body
โข Feed on dead
skin, feathers,
and fur
