This document discusses developing sustainable nutrient management packages for cocoa production. It covers topics such as land suitability evaluation, shade trees, pruning, fertilization based on soil analysis, pest and disease control, and soil and water conservation techniques. The document provides tentative fertilization recommendations for cocoa trees of different ages when soil analysis is not available, as well as examples of organic matter sources like pod husks that can be used.

1. DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE AND EFFECTIVE NUTRIENT
MANAGEMENT PACKAGES FOR COCOA PRODUCTION
Soetanto Abdoellah
INDONESIAN COFFEE AND COCOA RESEARCH INSTITUTE
CACAO INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT
ASSOCIATION OF MINDANAO, INC. (CIDAMI)
AND ACDI/VOCA
Apo View Hotel, Davao City, November 21 – 23, 2012

2. GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES (GAP)
GOOD HANDLING PRACTICES (GHP)
 Land suitability evaluation
 Land preparation
 Nursery
 Shade
 Planting
 Pruning
 Fertilization, soil-water conservation
 Pest-disease-weed control
 Harvesting, processing, storage

3. LAND
• Climate
– Dry month max 5/yr
• Soil
– Effective depth > 60 cm
– pH 4,0-8,0
– Loamy texture

4. Leguminous crops for shade

5. SHADE & PRUNING
• Optimum shade
– Leguminous crops
– Productive crops
Optimum pruning
• Time
• Frequency

6. COCOA - AGROFORESTRY

8. Fertilization
1000 kg cocoa dry beans contain :
•N : 68,4 kg, equiv. 258 kg Urea
•P : 12,6 kg, equiv. 60 kg SP36
•K : 145,2 kg, equiv. 290 kg KCl
•Mg : 13,6 kg, equiv. 62 kg Kieserit
•Ca : 16,4 kg, equiv. 39 kg Dolomite

9. OPTIMUM FERTILIZATION
• Organic
– C/N
– Dose
• Inorganic
– Kind
– Dose
• Based on soil/leaf analysis

10. Tentative fertilizers for cocoa
(When there is no soil analysis results)
Age/Stadium Unit Kieserite (NPK)
15-10-20
Nursery g/seedling (15)
yr g/tree/yr (75)
yr g/tree/yr (135)
yr g/tree/yr (270)
yr g/tree/yr (540)
yr g/tree/yr (660)
Organic manure 5-20 kg/tree/yr

11. Soil & Water Conservation
• Terrace (for > 15% slope)
• Mulching
• Pit

12. Soil & Water Conservation
• Water
conservation
– Biopore
– Organic matter
– Soil microbes

13. Pod husk for organic matter source
• Healthy pod