Life Science Presentation

1. CONTROL AND COORDINATION
Part -2
Endocrine System
By
Kamal kr.Joshi
RGNV Dehradun

2. Endocrine system
Endocrine system
includes endocrine
gland and hormones.
Endocrine gland-
Endocrine glands are
ductless gland which
secrete chemical i.e.
hormones.

3. Pituitory gland (Master Gland)
GH-Growth hormones – It help for body growth.
Deficiency of GH- causes Dwarfism & its excess secretion cause
Gigantism
TSH- Thyroid stimulating hormone-Stimulate thyroid gland
to form the thyroxine hormone
ACTH- Adreno cortico-tropic hormone-stimulates Adrenal
gland ( Adrenal cortex – it forms hormones like Gluco-
corticoids, Mineralo-corticoids, Androgens.)
Oxytocin- It is also known as Birth hormone & milk ejection
hormone
Vasopressin (ADH-Anti-diuretic hormone)- Help in
reabsorption of water . Its deficiency cause Diabetes insipidus.

5. Gonadotropin hormones- FSH &LH /ICSH(FSH-Follicle
stimulating hormone, LH-Luteinising hormone/
ICSH(Interstistal cells stimulating hormone)-
stimulates gonads like ovary./testis.
FSH- it stimulates testes/ovary to form sperms/ova
as well as stimulate these gonads to secretes the sex
hormones (Testosteron in male / Estrogen in female.)
LH (in female)/ICSH(Interstistal cells stimulating
hormone in male)- ICSH help to stimulates the testis
to form the Testosterone hormones & LH – stimulates
corpus luteum to secrete progesterone hormone
which plays important role in ovulation.
* Prolactin ( LTH- luteo tropic hormone)- It is
required for the development of mammary glands.

6. Thyroid glands- a pair of glands present in neck region, which
forms throxine hormone in response of TSH of pituitory.
Thyroxin hormone - Thyroxin controls the metabolism of
carbohydrates, fats and proteins and helps in proper growth.
Goiter - If the diet is deficient in iodine it causes deficiency of
thyroxin leads to cause the goiter in which enlargement of thyroid
glands cause the swelling of neck.

7. Parathyroid glands-
two pair of
parathyroid glands
which are close to
thyorid gland. It
secretes the
parathormone
which is required
to control the
Calcium and
phosphorous
Thymus gland- It is
present near the heart
& secretes the
hormone Thymosine.
It is required for
maturation of T-
lymphocytes which
require for immunity.

8. Adrenal glands
A pair of glands present (one
over on one Kidney) .
Its has two parts-
Adrenal cortex - This part
secretes Gluco-corticoids,
Mineralo-corticoids,
Androgens. . It requires for
Glucose metabolism, mineral
balance, secondary sexual
characters respectively.
Adrenal medulla- it produces two
hormones – Adrenaline &
Nor adrenaline
Adrenaline hormone – It is also
known as Emergency hormone or
hormone of 3 F – Fight, Flight, Freight.
It increase of heart beats, blood
pressure, rate of breathing , causes
rapid contraction of rib muscles etc to
full fill the increasing demand of body.
Nor adrenaline hormone- It require
for normal functioning of heart
beat,blood pressure,breathing rate etc.

9. Pancreas- It is heterocrine gland or mixed
gland ( Exocrine & Endocrine gland) The
endocrine part of pancreas known as ilets
of langerhans.
It has two types of cells- Beta cells &
alpha cells, which forms hormones- Insulin
& glucagon respectively.
Insulin- This hormone is responsible for
“Glycogenesis” (conversion of glucose to
glycogen)
The deficiency of insulin hormone causes
the disease, Diabetes mellitus.
Glucagon- Alpha cells secretes the
glucagon hormone which convert
glycogen into glucose during starvation.

10. Testes
In male a pair of testes
present. It produce the
Testosterone hormone.
it is require for
development of secondary
sexual characters
,masculine characters .
It also plays an important
role in spermatogenesis

11. Ovary
In female a pair of ovaries
present.
• Two hormones are
produced in ovary.
Estrogen (from Graffian follicle). It
is required for
development of secondary
sexual characters.
Progesterone (from Corpus
luteum)
Progesterone hormone help
to maintain the pregnancy,
hence it is also known as
Pregnancy hormone.