Bacterial growth and metabolism can be summarized in 3 points: 1. Bacteria multiply through binary fission and grow in colonies, turbid suspensions, or biofilms. Their growth rate is measured by doubling time. 2. Bacterial growth occurs in four phases - lag, exponential, stationary, and decline - as seen in an idealized growth curve obtained from broth culture. 3. Bacteria metabolize nutrients through various pathways like glycolysis and the TCA cycle to generate energy in the form of ATP. They can adapt and respond to different environmental stresses through stress responses and regulatory systems.

1. Bacterial Growth and Metabolism Dr Kamran Afzal FCPS Microbiology

19. Bacterial Physiology Nutritional types Physical conditions required for growth Bacterial metabolism Adaptive response Bacterial viability

23. Nutritional types

25. a. Growth atmosphere Descriptive term Property Example Growth atmosphere Strict (Obligate) aerobe Requires O 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strict (Obligate) anaerobe Will not tolerate O 2 Bacteroides fragilis Facultative anaerobe Aerobe, can grow anaerobically Staphylococci, Escherichia coli Aerotolerant anaerobe Anaerobe, can tolerate O 2 Clostridium perfringens Micro-aerophilic Prefers reduced O 2 Campylobacter spp, Helicobacter spp Capnophilic Prefers increased CO 2 Neisseria spp

27. b. Growth temperature Descriptive term Property Example Growth temperature Psychrophilic Low temp <10 0 C Flavobacterium spp Thermophilic High temp >60 0 C B. stearothermophilus Mesophilic 20-40 0 C Most bacterial pathogens