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Gi infections

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Kamran Afzal, PhD.
Kamran Afzal, PhD.
Health & MedicineTechnology
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Gastro-intestinal Infections Dr Kamran Afzal Classified Microbiologist
Diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object]
Classification Of Diarrheas ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
1. Non-inflammatory vs inflammatory ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Infectious Diarrhea - Possible Pathogens ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Infectious doses of enteric pathogens ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fecal leukocytes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pathophysiology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
a. Toxin production ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
b. Entero-adherence ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
c. Mucosal invasion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
d. Antibiotic Associated Colitis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Features Of Food Poisoning Agents ++ + +++ 8-72 hrs 8-24 hrs Cl. perfringens ++ +++ + 2-10 hrs 1-6 hrs Bacillus cereus ++ +++ + 12-24 hrs 1-8 hrs Staph aureus Enterotoxin Vomiting Diarrhea Duration Incubation period Organism
Salmonella gastroenteritis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Shigellosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
E. coli gastroenteritis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transmission of E. coli O157 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Vibrio cholerae ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Staphylococcal food poisoning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Traveler’s diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Helicobacter pylori ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Intestinal tuberculosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Clostridium difficile ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Endoscopic view of multiple scattered, yellowish plaques consistent with pseudomembranous colitis
Abdominal radiograph demonstrating markedly dilated colon, wall edema, and loss of haustrations in a patient with Clostridium difficile- associated pseudomembranous colitis complicated by toxic megacolon
Entamoeba histolytica (amebiasis) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Rotavirus diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Norovirus diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HIV associated diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dysentery ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Diagnosis - Stool Collection and Transport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Diagnostic Evaluation
Protocol For Specimen Processing
Laboratory Diagnosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Special Cultures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Other Investigations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Treatment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Treatment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2. Duration of diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3. Low-versus high-volume diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
4. Small- versus large-bowel diarrhea ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Case History ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Gi infections

  • 1. Gastro-intestinal Infections Dr Kamran Afzal Classified Microbiologist
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  • 15. Features Of Food Poisoning Agents ++ + +++ 8-72 hrs 8-24 hrs Cl. perfringens ++ +++ + 2-10 hrs 1-6 hrs Bacillus cereus ++ +++ + 12-24 hrs 1-8 hrs Staph aureus Enterotoxin Vomiting Diarrhea Duration Incubation period Organism
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  • 28. Endoscopic view of multiple scattered, yellowish plaques consistent with pseudomembranous colitis
  • 29. Abdominal radiograph demonstrating markedly dilated colon, wall edema, and loss of haustrations in a patient with Clostridium difficile- associated pseudomembranous colitis complicated by toxic megacolon
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  • 38. Protocol For Specimen Processing
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Editor's Notes

  1. Inflammatory diarrhea
  2. SA: n/v CNS, Botulinum on NMJ Enterotoxin: direct effect on intestinal mucosa to elicit net fluid secretion Cyto; mucosal destruction causing inflam colitis