3. CURRICULUM
Curriculum signifies all those
activities and experiences a
child undergoes in and outside
the class according to his
interests and needs.
4. “Curriculum does not mean only the
academic subjects traditionally taught in
the school, but it includes the totality of
experiences that people receives
through the manifold activities that go in
the school, in the class room, in the
library, laboratory, workshop,
playgrounds and in the numerous
informal contacts between teachers and
pupils”
- Secondary Education Commission
5. AIMS
Fuller and harmonious development of pupil’s
personality.
Inculcate qualities of honesty, co-operation,
tolerance, sympathy etc to promote moral
development.
Help pupil to achieve their full mental growth.
Bridge the gulf between academic subjects and real
life activities.
6. PRINCIPLES OF CURRICULUM CONSTRUCTION
1. Principle of child- centeredness
2. Activity principle
3. Principle of creativity
4. Principle of utility
5. Principle of variety and flexibility
6. Principle of correlation and integration
7. Principle of Social change
8. Should promote social justice, democratic
values, national integration
9. Principle of totality of experience
10. Forward looking principle
7. TYPES OF CURRICULUM
CORE CURRICULUM
A set of educational goals
Formal curriculum
8. OVERT/ WRITTEN
More specific
Curriculum of control
To ensure educational goals of the
system
Specific objectives
Strategies to accomplish the goals
9. HIDDEN/ COVERT
The idea other than the intentional
curriculum
INTEGRATED
Teach around the themes
Organizing centers
SPIRAL/SPACED
Key concept at young age
Covers with increase in age
10. CHILD-CENTERED
Learner oriented
According to the needs and
capabilities of children
Design to develop the individual and
social qualities of students
SUBJECT CENTERED
Traditional method
In terms of subject of study
Stress on Cognitive development
11. ACTIVITY – CENTERED
Modern approach
A reaction against traditional
curriculum
Active involvement of the student
Knowledge gain as the result of
activities
Activity is using as a medium for
imparting knowledge
12. SOCIAL/ INFORMAL
From peers, family, church, society
Unintentional
Not written
Experience is the teacher
NULL
That part which do not teach
Creating an impression as it is not
important
13. PHANTOM
Messages prevalent through exposure
of media
ELECTRONIC
Learning through internet and other e-
forms of information