This document discusses using the International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) for digitized newspapers. It outlines the goals of the IIIF Newspaper Interest Group, which aims to promote best practices for exploiting IIIF capabilities for searching, discovering, and annotating newspaper content. Examples are provided of how OCR text and ALTO metadata can be represented as IIIF image and annotation APIs. Guidelines are presented for mapping newspaper structures like titles and pages to IIIF concepts and exposing newspaper collections through APIs.

1. Newspapers, IIIF, & ALTO
ALA 2016
Karen Estlund
Co-chair, IIIF Newspaper Interest Group
Associate Dean for Technology & Digital Strategies
Penn State University Libraries
kestlund@psu.edu

2. What is IIIF?

3. IIIF APIs

4. Image API
{scheme}://{server}{/prefix}/{identifier}/{region}/{size}/{rotation}/{quality}.{format}

5. Presentation API
…..

6. Search API: Use Cases
● Searching OCR generated text to find words or phrases
within a book, newspaper or other primarily textual
content.
● Searching transcribed content, provided by crowd-sourcing
or transformation of scholarly output.
● Searching multiple streams of content, such as the
translation or edition, rather than the raw transcription
of the content, to jump to the appropriate part of an
object.
● Searching on sections of text, such as defined chapters
or articles.
● Searching for user provided commentary about the
resource, either as a discovery mechanism for the
resource or for the discussion.
● Discovering similar sections of text to compare either
the content or the object.

7. IIIF Newspaper Interest Group Goals
● To determine development + Usage of IIIF for digital
Newspapers
● To demonstrate best practice in exploitation of IIIF for
Newspapers
● To promote usage of IIIF for Newspapers
● To consider related formats, especially serials
● To explore and exploit possibilities for search,
discovery, and annotation of Newspapers
Chairs: Karen Estlund, Penn State & Glen Robson, National
Library of Wales
Special Thanks to Glen! I’ll be using examples from National Library of Wales throughout.

8. IIIF Newspaper Resources
● Newspaper IG Page: http://iiif.
io/community/groups/newspapers/
● Newspaper IG Working Documents: goo.gl/jNFfVw
● IIIF Awesome: https://github.com/IIIF/awesome-iiif
● IIIF User Stories: https://github.com/IIIF/iiif-stories/
● Slack Channel: iiif.slack.com #newspapers
○ Email kestlund@psu.edu to be added
● Code of Conduct: http://iiif.io/event/conduct/

9. IIIF Mapping
Newspapers IIIF
Title Collection
Issue Manifest
Edition Manifest
Article Range
Page Canvas
Image Image
Alto Annotations

10. IIIF Newspapers Best Practices Document (Draft)
https://goo.gl/yY3T9T

11. OCR in Annotation List
{
"@id": "http://dams.llgc.org.
uk/iiif/4342443/annotation/list/ART8.json",
"@type": "sc:AnnotationList",
"label": "SIEraOROLlOIOAt,
OBSERVATIONS,",
"within":
{
"@id": "http://dams.llgc.
org.uk/iiif/4342439/annotation/layer/ART8.json",
"@type": "sc:Layer",
"label": "OCR Article Text"
}
},

12. OCR and ALTO in Open Annotations
{
"@type":"oa:Annotation",
"motivation":"sc:painting",
"resource":
{
"@type":"cnt:ContentAsText",
"format":"text/plain",
"chars":"SIEraOROLlOIOAt, OBSERVATIONS,"
},
"on":"http://dams.llgc.org.
uk/iiif/4342439/canvas/4342443#xywh=2003,4684,554,34"
},

13. Also Recommend Link to the OCR in the Manifest
"seeAlso": [
{
"profile": "https://www.loc.
gov/standards/alto/",
"@id": "http://oni.mith.
us/lccn/sn83045396/1911-09-17/ed-1/seq-1/ocr.
xml",
"format": "text/xml"
}
],

14. Getting Newspapers Into IIIF
● Quick Start Guide for IIIF: http://iiif.io/technical-
details/
● Newspaper Best Practices Model: Forthcoming, Draft:
https://goo.gl/yY3T9T
● NDNP Data
○ Open ONI (open source fork from Chronicling America
software): https://github.com/open-oni/open-oni
○ RAIS image server: https://github.com/uoregon-
libraries/rais-image-server
○ Python Library to host static images: https://github.
com/umd-mith/ndnp_iiif

15. IIIF Guidance in Open ONI / How to use APIs
Example: http://[url]/about/api/

16. Open ONI Newspapers in IIIF Viewer

17. IIIF Newspapers in IIIF Viewer
http://newspapers.library.wales/view/4342439/4342445/53/

18. Comparing Newspapers in IIIF Viewer (Mirador)
http://iiif.github.io/mirador/demo/

19. OCR and ALTO as Annotation Layers

20. What this Means for Newspapers