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The Science of 
Presentations


©2008 Kevin Gee Consulting, LLC
Aristotle
Heavier objects 
 fall faster than 
 lighter objects
Heavier objects 
 fall faster than 
 lighter objects
Galileo
Galilei
Scientific 
Method
Both objects fall 
at the same rate
Cognitive Theory of Learning
• Limited Capacity
  – 7 Elements +/‐ 2 held in working memory
• Two Modes
  – Visual
  – Auditory
• Active Learning
  – Text, images, spoken words, recalled information held 
    in working memory
  – Contents of working memory assembled into mental 
    model
Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah
• Blah Blah Blah
  – Blah blah blah blah blah blah
• Blah Blah Blah
  – Blah
  – Blah
• Blah Blah
  – Blah blah blah blah blah blah blah
  – Blah blah blah blah blah blah
Present According 
  to How People 
      Learn
Working Memory



                                        Cognitive Theory
                 Mental
                 Model




         Advance Organizer



                                        Factors for Effectiveness
     Familiar             Unfamiliar




   Present 
                             Limited 
 According to 
 How People                  Capacity
    Learn




                                        Application
                              Active 
Two Modes
                             Learning
Limited Capacity
7


Working
Memory
Active Learning
                  Spoken 
       Images
                  Words



Text                        Memories
            Mental 
            Model
Working Memory



    Mental
    Model
Images

Text

Narration
Visual



            Auditory
Narration
Visual

Text

            Auditory
Narration
If you’re reading this…
  You aren’t listening.
Visual
Images

Text

            Auditory
Narration
Visual
Images

Text

            Auditory
Narration
Confusing words
  and images
“Any car which 
holds together 
for a whole race 
is too heavy.”
‐‐Colin Chapman
Chunking
  123
  4 56
  7 89
    0
Advance Organizer



Familiar     Unfamiliar
Horseless Carriage
Exposition
   vs
Narrative
Processing   Memory
apply
       synthesize
        repeat
         sense
Processing       Memory
APPLICATION
Cognitive Theory of Learning
• Limited Capacity
  – 7 Elements +/‐ 2 held in working memory
• Two Modes
  – Visual
  – Auditory
• Active Learning
  – Text, images, spoken words, recalled information held 
    in working memory
  – Contents of working memory assembled into mental 
    model
Cognitive Theory of Learning
• Limited Capacity
  – 7 Elements +/‐ 2 held in working memory
• Two Modes
  – Visual
  – Auditory
• Active Learning
  – Text, images, spoken words, recalled information held 
    in working memory
  – Contents of working memory assembled into mental 
    model
Present According to How People Learn

• Limited Capacity
  – 7 Elements +/‐ 2 held in working memory
• Two Modes
  – Visual
  – Auditory
• Active Learning
  – Text, images, spoken words, recalled information held 
    in working memory
  – Contents of working memory assembled into mental 
    model
Present 
                 Limited 
 According to 
 How People      Capacity
    Learn




                  Active 
Two Modes
                 Learning
Present According 
  to How People 
      Learn
7


 Limited 
Capacity
Active Learning
                  Spoken 
       Images
                  Words



Text                        Memories
            Mental 
            Model
Multimedia Learning
 Richard E. Mayer
Universal Principles of Design
   Lidwell, Holden, Butler
Beyond Bullet Points
   Cliff Atkinson
Thank You!
For speaker notes and references:

www.kevingee.biz
kevingee@kevingee.biz



©2008 Kevin Gee Consulting, LLC

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The Science Of Presentations