Job Interviewing _Dr. Kazi Golam Faruk

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WELCOME
WORKSHOP
ON
JOB INTERVIEW PREPARATION
&
EFFECTIVE CV WRITING
Dr. Kazi Golam Faruk, PhD

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• Attending job interview involves presence of
fear
• Preparation increases confidence, ensures
appropriate presentation and bring success
INTRODUCTION
• The preparation mentally orient to see the role
of the job in the interview board
• The job interview is your opportunity to
demonstrate competencies
• Preparation is required for both old and new
applicants

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To help in presenting the strengths and abilities in a job
interview
To provide ideas, tips and techniques to maximize
chances of success
OVERALL GOAL

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Develop a clear understanding of what the hiring manager
look for
Position the talents and skills which match the job mandate
Prepare for a job interview
Conduct in the interview
Respond to the most commonly asked as well as most
difficult interview questions
Know how to provide behavioral answers to interview
questions
Display a positive attitude throughout the job interview
process
OBJECTIVE OF SESSION

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CAREER PLANNING & JOB
INTERVIEWING
What is Career Planning ?
Individual
Needs
Organization
Needs
Match
• Success in job interview requires effective career planning

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• Preparing for the job interview requires an understanding of
career planning process as well as an investment of your
time and effort
• Job interview is the culmination of career planning,
development, preparation and search efforts
• You must be prepared, positive and confident to create
required impression
CAREER PLANNING & JOB
INTERVIEWING

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CAREER PLANNING & JOB INTERVIEWING
Individual
Needs
Organization
Needs
• Job Satisfaction
• Productivity
• Motivation
• High Quality Work
JOB
Match
Interview for the job
that matches your interest
skills and aspirations…..
The purpose of career planning
efforts…………….to find career
satisfaction

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Assessments Reality Checks
CAREER PLANNING PROCESS
Know Yourself
Opportunity Scans
Goals, Plans & Implementation

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Assessments Reality Checks
Know Yourself
Skills ?
Values ?
Preferences ?
Interests ?
How others see ?
Reputation ?
How is my current
performance rated ?
Opportunity Scans
• Current situation ?
• How org changing ?
• Future opportunities ?
• Skills, experiences required for
other opportunities ?

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Know Yourself Opportunity Scans
• Career direction, Goals, Plan ?
• Needed to achieve goals ?
• Next Step ?
• How to Implement ?
Goals, Plans & Implementation

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Understand the
Position
@ What the hiring manager look
for?
Highlight Strengths &
Skills
@ Creating application
@ Positioning as a match
Prepare for the
Interview
@ Preparing for responses
@ Practicing
The Interview
Model
MODEL FOR EFFECTIVE JOB INTERVIEW

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Understand the Position @ What is the hiring manager
looking for?
Highlight Strengths & Skills @ Creating application
@ Positioning as a match
Prepare for the Interview @ Preparing for responses
@ Practicing
The Interview @ Behavioral interview
@ What should you ask?

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UNDERSTAND THE
POSITION
Highlight
Strengths & Skills
The Interview Prepare for
the Interview

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UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
UNDERSTANDING THE JOB REQUIREMENT
BENEFITS
Save time
Reduce frustration
Improve ability to meet the need of the position
• Invest some time in understanding the position requirement
• Completing job application is a
time consuming process

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HOW TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE POSITION
Analyze
Vacancy
Announcement
Analysis of Position
against
Qualifications
• Responsibilities, Competencies, Skills required?
• Look for the critical issues

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ASK YOURSELF……………..
• Do I meet the minimum qualifications?
• Do I have the skills and abilities for the position?
• Do I have required experiences?
• Am I really interested for the position? Why?
• Am I interested in the job for the right reasons?
• What do I know about the Department?
• Does it make sense for me to apply?
• Does it fit in with my future career goals?

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The analysis would help to……..
• Focus your Covering Letter, Resume
• Prepare for a potential job interview
• Highlight strengths
• Identify any gaps for future development
If UNDERSTANDING THE POSITION shows positive
assessment…………….prepare application highlighting strength
Analyze Vacancy
Announcement
Analysis of Position against
Qualifications
HOW TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE POSITION

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EXERCISE
JOB ANALYSIS WORKSHEET

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Understand the
Position
HIGHLIGHT
STRENGTHS & SKILLS
The Interview Prepare for
the Interview

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HIGHLIGHT YOUR STRENGTHS & SKILLS
Highlight your strengths and skills by:
@ Preparing your application
@ Creating a positive impression
• Create high quality and positive image
• Goal should be…….to secure an interview
• Ask yourself……….If I were the Hiring Manager ?
PREPARING APPLICATION

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• Application
• CV/Resume
• Cover Letter
PREPARING
APPLICATION
APPLICATION
CHECKLIST

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APPLICATION
• Have a clear self assessment
• Think about your strength, interest and objective as
you put your application forward
• Present yourself in the form of benefits
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
Application CV/Resume Cover Letter

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• Curriculum vitae (CV) is a Latin expression -
means ‘course of life’
• CV provides an overview of a person's
experience and other qualifications
• CV is the first item that a potential employer
encounters regarding the job seeker
• Typically used to screen applicants often
followed by an interview

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• Resume is a document used by individuals
to present their background and skill sets
• A typical résumé contains a summary of
relevant job experience and education
• The résumé is comparable to a curriculum
vitae (CV) in many countries
• In UK, Canada and the United States
résumé is substantially shorter than CV

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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CV & RESUME ???
• Resume is 01/02 page summary of skills, experience and
education. CV is longer (at least 02 page)
• Resume is brief and concise, CV is more detailed
• CV includes summary of academic backgrounds, research,
publications, presentations, awards, honors, affiliations and
other details. Resume focuses more on skills and achievements
• Resumes often miss out some of the more personal details that
CVs include, such as hobbies and interests
• In Europe, Middle East, Africa or Asia, employers expect CV. In
USA, resumes are more common, and CVs are for academia

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• Send a focused and concise cover letter
• Address it to an individual (if possible)
• Focus on the skills, competencies and
experiences related to the job
• Use powerful and professional words
• Cover letter is a letter of introduction
attached to résumé or CV
• Introduces you and your resume
• First document an employer sees
• Also called Motivation Letter

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PREPARING
APPLICATION
CREATING POSITIVE
IMPRESSION
APPLICATION
CHECKLIST
PREPARATION
STAGE
AFTER THE
INTERVIEW
DURING THE
INTERVIEW

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• Learn about the company history, its employees and specific
job that you want
• Review the job ad for the description, qualifications and
requirements of the position
• Be clear on your own interests and career goals
• Plan out your answers to some standard questions
• Get a good night’s sleep
• Have pen, paper, copies of CV etc
CREATING POSITIVE
IMPRESSION
PREPARATION STAGE

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CREATING POSITIVE
IMPRESSION
PREPARATION
STAGE
DURING THE
INTERVIEW
• Arrive early for the interview
• Actively participate in the conversation…….listen
actively, make eye contact, shake hands etc
• Answers questions honestly
• Come prepared to defend your CV
• Ask questions about the job
• Answers questions calmly
• Thank your interviewer

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CREATING POSITIVE
IMPRESSION
PREPARATION
STAGE
DURING THE
INTERVIEW
• Write thank you notes
• Recap any major issues that you would like to
remind
• Explain why you are still interested
• Keep the letter brief and positive
AFTER THE
INTERVIEW

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CAN YOU THINK OF ANYTHING ELSE TO
MAXIMIZE YOUR CHANCES OF SUCCESS ????
PREPARING
APPLICATION
CREATING POSITIVE
IMPRESSION

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Understand the
Position
Highlights
Strengths & Skills
PREPARE FOR
THE INTERVIEW
The Interview

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PREPARE FOR THE INTERVIEW
General
interview
guide
approach
Standardized,
open-ended
interview
Closed,
fixed-response
interview
Informal
interview
INTER
VIEW
A formal discussion
between a hirer and an
applicant in which information
is exchanged to judge
applicant’s suitability for a
position
INTERVIEW ?
Four Types
• Understand the Position
• Highlight Strength & Skills
• Prepare for Interview

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INFORMAL INTERVIEW
• No predetermined questions are asked
• The interviewer goes with the flow
GENERAL INTERVIEW GUIDE APPROACH
• Same general areas of information are collected from
each interviewee
• More focus than the conversational approach, but still
allows a degree of freedom in getting the information
from the interviewee

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OPEN-ENDED INTERVIEW
• Same open-ended questions are asked to all interviewees
• This approach facilitates faster interviews
CLOSED, FIXED-RESPONSE INTERVIEW
• All interviewees are asked the same questions
• Useful for those not practiced in interviewing

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CLOSED QUESTIONS………….Extract specific information
• What was your major?
• Where did you receive military training?
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS………….Extract more than a simple
answer
• What are your career goals ?
• Do you feel qualified for this ?
• Why did you leave your former employer ?
• What kind of job duties are you interested in ?

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FOCUSED QUESTIONS………….Extract focus answers
• Tell me your experience in training
• How did you demonstrate your team work in your last job ?
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
LEADING QUESTIONS…………usually answered with a yes or no
• You majored in marketing ?
• You were a supervisor at the time ?
SITUATIONAL QUESTIONS…………questions provide a more
personal point of view
• Give us an example of the biggest challenge you had in the past
• Describe a situation where you had to calm an angry customer

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FOLLOW UP QUESTIONS………….Keep probing and asking till
clarification
• What was your major in MBA ? Ans: HRM
How does your major prepare you for this position?
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
SUMMARY - TYPES OF INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
Closed questions Open-ended questions
Focused questions Leading questions
Situational questions Follow-up questions

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BEFORE YOUR INTERVIEW CHECKLIST
• Find out information about the hiring manager, department,
their services, issues, challenges, success, changes etc
• Confirm time, location and name of individual whom you will
meet
• Review your application document
• Develop a list of questions
• Practice your responses (aloud) to Common, Difficult and
Behavioral interview questions
THINK ONLY POSITIVE THOUGHTS ABOUT YOURSELF

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YOUR MOST DIFFICULT QUESTIONS
• You can be asked job related questions including questions
of previous jobs/supervisors
• Think in advance and practice your response
EXAMPLES
• What you don’t like about your present supervisor?
• Has your work ever been criticized? Why? What was said?
• Do you think you might be overqualified for this position?

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EXERCISE
YOUR MOST DIFFICULT QUESTIONS

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MOST COMMONLY ASKED INTERVIEW QUESTIONS
• Variety of questions (including unimportant) are asked
• Think in advance and practice your response
EXAMPLES
• What is the biggest mistake you have ever made?
• What do you consider to be your two greatest strengths?
• Tell me a little bit about your background.
• What did you really enjoy /dislike about your last job?
• Why did you leave your position?
• What have you done to upgrade your skills?
• What was your greatest contribution to the department?
• What are your areas of weakness?
• What responsibilities do you enjoy most?
• Do you have any questions?

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SAMPLE RESPONSES TO COMMONLY ASKED
QUESTIONS

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TELL ME ABOUT YOURSELF
• Talk about skills, traits, accomplishments and interest
• Focus on manager’s need
• Concise and reasonable length
TELL ME ABOUT YOUR LAST JOB
• Stress accomplishments, results and benefits
• Pick the most relevant to the needs of the manager
SAMPLE RESPONSE TO COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS

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WHAT RESPONSIBILITIES DO YOU ENJOY MOST IN YOUR
CURRENT POSITION ?
• Refer to identical responsibilities
• If last job and next job are different, find honest ways to
bridge the gap
• This response to be thought through in advance
WHAT ARE YOUR STRENGTHS ?
• Another opportunity to present your skills and
achievements
• Make them as relevant as possible

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WHAT ARE YOUR WEAKNESSES ?
Two Answers:
(1) Providing a weakness which is not really seen as a
weakness
(2) Say……….no weakness

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WHAT SHOULD YOU ASK
• The interview is a two way exchange of information
• Don’t ask too many questions
EXAMPLES
• Can you tell me the key result areas for this job?
• What are some of the challenges facing this position?
• Who would I be reporting to?
• What aspects of this position need immediate attention?
• When is the position available?
• What skills would be an asset in this position?
• How long has this position been available?

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BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEWING
“Past performance is the best indicator of Future Performance”
• Probing type questions are asked to determine your past
performance, achievements and contributions
• It determines how successful you might be in the position
EXAMPLES
• Tell me about a situation when you went above and beyond
your managers expectations?
• Describe a team you participated on and how did you
contribute?
• Tell me about a time where you had a number of demands being
made on you at the same time? How did you handle it?
• Describe a time where you demonstrated excellent listening
skills?

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PREPARATION FOR BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEWING
• Best Prep – Prepare a wide range of brief stories about your
accomplishment. Be aware of specific skills
• Sometime interviewers probe contrary information
@ Discovering a positive, they seek a negative
@ Discovering a negative, they seek a positive
• They also ask………………..
. Strengths and weaknesses
. Success and failures
. Challenges and problems

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WHAT THE INTERVIEWER LOOK FOR
• The interviewer rate skills in two major areas
@ Job or technical skills – specific
knowledge for doing the task
@ Performance skills – often reflect how
a person does a particular job
Tips: The best way to answer behavioral questions is to recall
a situation, your action and the outcome

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EXERCISE
BEHAVIOURAL INTERVIEW

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Understand the
position
Highlight
Strengths & Skills
THE INTERVIEW
Prepare for
the Interview

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OVERALL COMMUNICATION STRATEGY
• Focus on establishing a good rapport with your interviewer
• Interviewers make judgments on qualifications based
primarily on what you communicate to them
THE INTERVIEW
The job interview is the culmination of all preparation

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THE INTERVIEW
ACTIVE LISTENING
• Active listening is important as an interview proceeds
• Be certain that you hear accurately
@ Best way to do this…… Summarize important information
and ask if your summary is correct
• Your accuracy as a listener demonstrates specific skills you
have that might be of value
• Don’t assume that everyone understand you
@ Best way to Judge………….Check back with the other person
to make sure your message is clear

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THE INTERVIEW
NON VERBAL COMMUNICATION
• Body language can be interpreted both positively and
negatively
@ Avoid distractions
@ Tense behavior conveys a lack of confidence
@ Facial expressions should show enthusiasm……..SMILE
@ Good eye contact
. Single Interviewer
. Group Interviewer
EYE CONTACT : LET THE INTERVIEWERS KNOW THAT YOU
NOTICE THEM NOTICING

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DURING THE INTERVIEW YOU NEED TO:
• Match your qualifications and skills
• Actively listen, respond with interest and ask questions
about the responsibilities of the position
• Explain how you fit
• Establish rapport with the interviewer at the beginning
• Substantiate your qualifications with specific examples of
accomplishments
• Prepare answers to areas of weakness
THE INTERVIEW

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PURPOSE
. See… how you fit into a particular group
. See …how you handle talking with several people at once
. Get a cross section of opinions
. All people in hiring can see all candidates at the same time
THE INTERVIEW
Same
time
More than
one
person
Same
room
Mixture
of people
PANEL
INTERVIEW
PANEL
INTERVIEW
????

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You Require……………..
. To adopt more of a presentation style to
your answers
. To find a way to feel comfortable in front of
group of people
THE INTERVIEW
PANEL
INTERVIEW
SOME TIPS FOR PANEL INTERVIEW
• Try to remember each persons name and title
• Give each person some attention-verbally and non-verbally
• Remember to shake hands with all when entering and
leaving the interview
• Maintain good eye contact

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POST INTERVIEW CHECKLIST
• Was I prepared? Relaxed? Well rested?
• Did the introduction go smoothly?
• Did I make regular eye contact?
• Did I smile regularly?
• How did I respond to the questions?
• What two things did I do very well?
• What two things would I do differently next time?
• Was I professional, cool and calm?
THE INTERVIEW

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• Did I ask good questions?
• Was I dressed appropriately?
• Was I on time?
• Was I enthusiastic about the position?
• Did I target my response to the hiring managers need?
• Did I communicate my interest in the position?
• Was my posture appropriate?
• Did I give specific examples to substantiate my skills, abilities and
talents?
THE INTERVIEW

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• Did I make it clear to the manager why I should be hired?
• Did I thank the hiring manager for taking the time to
interview me?
• What question could I have answered differently?
• What did I learn from this experience?
• Did I ask about the next step in the process?
• What would I do differently the next time?
THE INTERVIEW
YOU CAN ALSO USE THESE QUESTIONS
AS A PRE-INTERVIEW CHECKLIST

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SKILL PRACTICE WORKSHEET
• Prepare for your role by discussing the position being
interviewed for with your role play partner
• Together agree on an area of competency for that position
e.g. communications, problem solving, technical skills
• Develop a behavioral type response for that competency
• Be prepared to respond during your interview
• Think about commonly asked questions and be prepared e.g.
. Tell me about yourself?
. What are your strengths and weakness?
. What makes you qualified for this position?
• Develop a question you would want to ask the interviewer
THE INTERVIEW

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EXERCISE
INTERVIEW WORKSHEET

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STANDARD SECTION OF RESUME
• Profile Summary
• Career History
• Education
• Professional Development
• Clubs, Associations, Memberships
CV & RESUME

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CONTENTS OF CV
• Name, address, telephone, cell phone, email
• Objective
• Professional Profile (optional)
• Career Chronology (organization, location, appointment,
major areas of experience, major duties performed)
• Education and Training (dates, majors, and details of
degrees, training and certification, high school, college,
university)
• Professional Qualifications (certifications and
accreditations, computer skills)
• Awards, Publications, Professional Memberships
• Personal Details (father’s name, mother’s name ,
date of birth, marital status, religion, interest, language
known)
• References
CV & RESUME

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CV / RESUME
PROFILE SUMMARY
………..Usually consists 03-05 key phrases
………..Encompasses both human and technical talent
………..These are the answers of primary questions
IN A NUTSHELL, Who are you and what are your key
skills & strengths?

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SAMPLE SKILL/COMPETENCY STATEMENT
• Excellent strategic organizational planning and coordination skills for
project and program initiation, staffing, start-up, implementation and
timely completion within limited budgets and resources
• Good supervisory strengths for staff management, delegation,
supervision, training and conflict resolution
• Good interpersonal and leadership skills for facilitation of a positive
team oriented management style
• Extensive and successful experience and expertise in financial
resource acquisitions and management, equipment procurement and
budget development
CV / RESUME

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CV / RESUME
CAREER ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Demonstrate how you used your talents, strengths,
competencies and skills to achieve results
IN A NUTSHELL, What have you done?
How did you do it?
What was the result?

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SAMPLE ACCOMPLISHMENT STATEMENT
• Acted as a facilitator at conferences and designed training courses on
interview techniques and assertiveness training
• Communicated effectively and diplomatically with professional colleagues
as an analyst, and as an advisor to boards and senior political officials
• Under constraints of governmental mandates, maintained contractual
compliance ensuring continued and increased funds availability
• Analyzed system needs and assisted design, development and
implementation of customized accounting system to replace an outdated
manual system
• Prepared, implemented and maintained a departmental operating budget in
excess $ 1 M.
CV / RESUME

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CV / RESUME
EDUCATION
………..Highlight education completed/in progress
………..Include all degrees, diplomas, certificates
IN A NUTSHELL, What academic qualifications do you
have related to the position?
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
• Highlights courses, workshops, seminars or
programs completed
IN A NUTSHELL, What have you done lately to
improve your technical and interpersonal skills?

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CV / RESUME
CLUBS, ASSOCIATIONS, MEMBERSHIP,
PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS
………..List all clubs, associations, memberships or
professional affiliations
………..If you are in a leadership role on any association,
be sure to include it
IN A NUTSHELL, How have you added value to the
community or fulfilled your social responsibility?

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BEST PRACTICES OF CV / RESUME
• Should be typed
• Headings are easily distinguishable and clear
• Length- not more than 02 pages (Resume), 08 pages (CV)
• Print on high quality paper, preferably on white
• Use a reader friendly font and style
• Focus content according to the requirements of position
• Ensure error freeness ( spelling, grammatical etc)
• Ensure it is free of any dirt
• Lead from a position of strength, regardless of your
education or experience
• Strike a balance between too much and too little information
• Use 8.5 x 11 envelope to avoid folding
CV & RESUME

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WHAT ARE THE STEPS IN THE INTERVIEW PROCESS ?
• Introduction
• Questions and Answers
• Closing
• Follow up
WHAT THE INTERVIEWERS LOOK FOR ?
• Job Knowledge
• Skills
• Abilities
• Personal Characteristics

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HOW CAN YOU BUILD CONFIDENCE ?
• Talk about best points
• Speak with confidence
• Do use words that show you have faith in yourself
• Answer the interviewers concern
• Avoid negative statement
• Don’t use weak words
WHAT ARE THE KEY TO SUCCESS ?
• Distinguish yourself
• Communicate a strong understanding of the job
• Express how your strengths not only meet but exceed
requirements even in a worst case scenario
• Demonstrate how you will add value to the organization

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HOW TO MAKE A GOOD IMPRESSION ?
• Learn about the company history, its employees and specific
job that you want
• Dress professionally
• Arrive early for the interview
• Actively participate in the conversation…….listen actively,
make eye contact, shake hands etc
• Answers questions honestly
• Come prepared to defend your CV
• Ask questions about the job
• Answers questions calmly
• Thank your interviewer
• Write thank you notes…………should be short and positive

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EXERCISE - INTERVIEWING
• HIGHEST HOPES
What do you think you can accomplish during an interview for
which you are prepared and confident………that is your highest
hope
• WORST FEARS
What is about a job interview that most concerns you………that
is your worst fear

Job Interviewing _Dr. Kazi Golam Faruk

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