2. MATTERMATTER
• Matter is everywhere.
• Matter is anything that takes up space and
has mass.
• Matter is constantly experiencing both
chemical and physical changes.
4. FOUR STATES OF MATTERFOUR STATES OF MATTER
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
5. BASIS OF CLASSIFICATION OF THEBASIS OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE
FOUR TYPESFOUR TYPES
Based upon the particle arrangement.
Based upon energy of particles.
Based upon distance between particles.
6. KINETIC THEORY OF MATTERKINETIC THEORY OF MATTER
• Matter is made up of particles which are in
continual random motion.
7. SOLIDSOLID
• Particles are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed
position.
• Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume.
• Solids have weight.
• Solids take up space.
8. SOLID (cont...)SOLID (cont...)
• Crystalline Solids – molecules are arranged in a
geometric pattern
Ex. Table Salt
• Amorphous Solids – molecules do not have a set
pattern of arrangement
Ex. Gels
12. LIQUIDLIQUID
• Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far
enough apart to slide over one another.
• Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite
volume. Liquids take the shape of their container.
• Liquids have weight & take up space.
16. GASSESGASSES
• Particles of gases are very far apart and move
freely.
• Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite
volume.
• Gasses spread out to fill the entire space given.
• Gasses have weight & take up space.
20. PHASE CHANGESPHASE CHANGES
Description
of Phase
Change
Term for Phase
Change
Heat Movement During
Phase Change
Solid to liquid Melting Heat goes into the solid as it
melts.
Liquid to solid Freezing Heat leaves the liquid as it
freezes.
21. PHASE CHANGES (cont...)PHASE CHANGES (cont...)
Descriptio
n of Phase
Change
Term for
Phase
Change
Heat Movement
During
Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization, which
includes boiling and
evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it
vaporizes.
Gas to liquid Condensation Heat leaves the gas as it
condenses.
Solid to gas Sublimation Heat goes into the solid as it
sublimates.
23. QUESTION:QUESTION:
But what happens if you raise the temperature to
super-high levels…
between
1000°C and 1,000,000,000°C ?
Will everything just be a gas?
24. PLASMAPLASMA
• A plasma is an ionized gas.
• A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity
and is affected by magnetic fields.
• Plasma, like gases have an indefinite shape and
an indefinite volume.
30. SUMMARYSUMMARY
SOLID LIQUID GAS PLASMA
Tightly packed, in
a regular pattern
Vibrate, but do not
move from place
to place
Close together
with no regular
arrangement.
Vibrate, move
about, and slide
past each other
Well separated
with no regular
arrangement.
Vibrate and move
freely at high
speeds
Has no definite
volume or shape
and is composed
of electrical
charged particles
32. PHYSICAL CHANGEPHYSICAL CHANGE
• Physical Changes occur when matter changes its
property but not its chemical nature.
• Physical property changes could include a change
in texture, shape, size, color, odor, volume, mass,
weight and density.
33. EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL CHANGEEXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL CHANGE
Melting an ice Breaking a bottle
34. EXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL CHANGEEXAMPLES OF PHYSICAL CHANGE
Casting silver in a mold Crumpling a paper
35. Chemical ChangeChemical Change
• Chemical changes are changes matter undergoes
when it becomes new or different matter.
• To identify a chemical change look for signs such
as color change, bubbling and fizzing, light
production, smoke, and presence of heat.
36. Chemical Change (cont...)Chemical Change (cont...)
• A chemical change
occurs when fireworks
are used. Fireworks are
made of metals such as
magnesium and copper.
• These change chemically
as they light up the sky.
37. EXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL CHANGEEXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL CHANGE
Burning wood Dissolving salt in water
38. EXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL CHANGEEXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL CHANGE
Digesting foods Mixing acid and base
41. NAME THAT CHANGE!NAME THAT CHANGE!
How To Play
For each item, you will need to tell whether a physical
or a chemical change has taken place!
42. Is it a chemical or physical change?Is it a chemical or physical change?
• Breaking water up by separating it into hydrogen
and oxygen.
Chemical Change
43. Is it a chemical or physical change?Is it a chemical or physical change?
• Cutting paper.
Physical Change
44. Is it a chemical or physical change?Is it a chemical or physical change?
• Crashing an aspirin.
Physical Change
45. Is it a chemical or physical change?Is it a chemical or physical change?
• Metal rusting.
Chemical Change
46. Is it a chemical or physical change?Is it a chemical or physical change?
• Lighter fluid burning.
Chemical Change
47. Is it a chemical or physical change?Is it a chemical or physical change?
• Wall painting.
Physical Change
48. Is it a chemical or physical change?Is it a chemical or physical change?
• Ribbon cutting.
Physical Change
