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The EURO and Financial Markets International Economic Relations Metropolitan University Prague Martin Kolmhofer 2011/2012
The Problem ,[object Object],[object Object]
The Problem ,[object Object]
The Problem ,[object Object],[object Object]
Self Correcting Mechanism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Self Correcting Mechanism ,[object Object]
Big Mac Index Informal way of measuring the purchasing power parity (PPP) between two currencies PPP - says that a currency’s price should reflect the amount of goods and services it can buy. Tendencially developed countries currencies are highly valued, developing nations currencies are less valued
Big Mac Index ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Video: Exchange Rates ,[object Object]
Competitive Devaluation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What happens without exchange rate “buffer”? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What happens without exchange rate “buffer”? If competitiveness cannot be achieved via lower prices (either via exchange rate or lower wages or increased productivity) it will result in lower quantity demanded – Result: unemployment
In a Nutshell ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
History of the EURO / ECB
The Long Road to Maastricht and to the Euro At the Hague summit of  1969 , European leaders committed themselves to the policy objective of establishing economic and monetary union. The summit led to the creation of a committee, chaired by Luxembourg Prime Minister Pierre Werner, to produce a multi-stage plan for achieving EMU.  Maastricht Treaty 1991:  A firm commitment to launch the single currency by January 1999 at the latest (Monetary union started in 1999,  just as scheduled  -Britain, Denmark, Sweden and Greece did not participate in the Euro when it was launched in 1999)
A Tour of the Acronyms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The System The ECB is run by the  Governing Council  which is made up of an Executive Board of six members, appointed by the heads of states or governments of the countries which have joined the monetary union + the governors of the national central banks of EU members in the Eurozone. (Executive Board: Appointed for 8 years, not reappointed)
ECB Governing Council 2011
Independence and Accountability ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
New EU members and EMU ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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The EURO and Financial Markets

  • 1. The EURO and Financial Markets International Economic Relations Metropolitan University Prague Martin Kolmhofer 2011/2012
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Big Mac Index Informal way of measuring the purchasing power parity (PPP) between two currencies PPP - says that a currency’s price should reflect the amount of goods and services it can buy. Tendencially developed countries currencies are highly valued, developing nations currencies are less valued
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12. What happens without exchange rate “buffer”? If competitiveness cannot be achieved via lower prices (either via exchange rate or lower wages or increased productivity) it will result in lower quantity demanded – Result: unemployment
  • 13.
  • 14. History of the EURO / ECB
  • 15. The Long Road to Maastricht and to the Euro At the Hague summit of 1969 , European leaders committed themselves to the policy objective of establishing economic and monetary union. The summit led to the creation of a committee, chaired by Luxembourg Prime Minister Pierre Werner, to produce a multi-stage plan for achieving EMU. Maastricht Treaty 1991: A firm commitment to launch the single currency by January 1999 at the latest (Monetary union started in 1999, just as scheduled -Britain, Denmark, Sweden and Greece did not participate in the Euro when it was launched in 1999)
  • 16.
  • 17. The System The ECB is run by the Governing Council which is made up of an Executive Board of six members, appointed by the heads of states or governments of the countries which have joined the monetary union + the governors of the national central banks of EU members in the Eurozone. (Executive Board: Appointed for 8 years, not reappointed)
  • 19.
  • 20.